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212 The Concept of Pancasila in Indian Thought something, some grain or something like it. Surā is of five types?, namely pitthasurā, puvvasură, odanasurā, kinnapakkhittāsurā and sambhārapakkhittāsurā. Pithasurā is made from the powdered rice. Puvvasurā is made from baked bread or from something similar to it. Odanasurā is made from boiled rice and sour milk. Kinnapakkhittäsurā means surā prepared by boiling some ferment or yeast. By samabhārapakkhittāsurā is meant the surā made after boiling sambhara. Mereya, a different kind of intoxicant, has likewise been described as of five types, namely (1) puphāsavo, (2) phalāsavo, (3) guļāsavo, (4) madhvāsavo and (5) sambhārasamyutto, The difference between surā and mereya is that the latter is not made by boiling or fomenting anything. By madda (madya) is meant in general anything which is intoxicating and creates a general loss of mental or physical balance. Indulgence in drinking all these intoxicants is harmful and is the cause of many physical or mental calamities. As it is said "drunkenness is the cause of loss of wealth and reputation, it is the cause of quarrels, diseases, immodesty of dress, disregard for honour and incapacity for learning."2 Digha Nikāya points out that a Brāhmaṇa8 is one who is established in five precepts including this one. Further "abstinence from indulging in vices like intoxication and indulging in religious activities through mind, speech and body are described as auspicious."4 1. Paramatthajotikā Comm. to Khuddakapāțha, Colombo
edition, 1922, p. 12. 2. gath; teqfa q7, 3679T ITTÀCT#FFTCGHTESTATI
सन्दिट्टिका धनजानि, कलहप्पवडटगी, रोगानं आयतनं, अकित्तिसजननी, कोपीननिदंसनी, पाय दुब्बलिकरणीत्वेव छठं पदं
Hafari Digha., vol. III, p. 141. 3. यो खो ब्राह्मण, पसन्नचित्तो सिक्खापदानि""सुरामेरयमज्जपमादट्ठाना
arafó **** -Ibid., vol. I, p. 125. 4. आरतिविरतिपापा, मज्जपाना च संयमो अप्पमादो च धम्मेसु एतं मंगलमुत्तमं ।
S, N., Mahāmamgalasutta, 7.
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