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The Concept of Pancasila in Indian Thought
To this vow of the householder are also appended what are called fifteen karmādānas. It is suggested that the householder should abstain from all those types of business which involve more of violence. Among them are included RasaVānijya and Visa Vanijya.1 By the former is meant the business of spirituous liquors etc., and by the latter is meant the business of poisonous things. This shows that a householder should not only abstain from intoxication himself but should also refrain from leading others towards it, that is he should also refrain from selling lequors to them. However, sale of such objects for medicinal purposes should not be forbidden.
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The basis of condemnation of intoxicants lies, according to the Jaina texts, in the principle of non-violence. Indulging in intoxication would mean violence. It is said, therefore, that whosoever takes up the vow of non-violence should give up wine, flesh, honey, etc.2 It is further pointed out that various mental dispositions caused by drinking such as fearfulness, vanity, light mindedness, infatuation etc. are nothing but different names of violence. Samantabhadra, therefore, includes abstention from intoxicants among the eight basic virtues of an ideal householder.4
The scriptures talk of five kinds or pramadas or negligence or slothfulness. Negligence or slothfulness means indulgence in
1. कम्मओ णं समणोवासएणं पण्णरस कम्मादाणाई जाणियव्वाई न समायरियव्वाइ, तं जहा इंगालकम्मे, वणकम्मे .... ... रस वाणिज्जे, fagarfoss....-Upāsaka. 1.47.
2. मद्यं मासं क्षौद्रं पञ्चदुम्बरफलानि यत्नेन,
हिंसा व्युपरत कार्मोक्तव्यानि प्रथममेव । 3. अभिमानभयजुगुप्साहास्यारतिशोककामकोपाद्याः, fgar: qufar: gasfa a aroufafgar: 1 मद्यमांसं मधु त्यागैः सहाणुव्रतं पंचकम्,
अष्टी मूलगुणाबाहु गृहिणां श्रमणोत्तमाः । — Ratnak Sra. 66. 5. मज्जविसय कसाया निद्दा विगहा .... ए ए पञ्च पमाया....
Aştaka, Haribhadra.
4.
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-P. S. U. 61.
-Ibid., 64.
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