________________
should be consumed by Jains. But since D3 is found in most milk in the USA, there is another more basic argument to be made on the grounds that D3 is non-vegetarian.
WHAT IS THE SOURCE OF VITAMIN D IN MILK? Milk from all lactating animals, including humans, contains Vitamin D3 that has been produced photo-chemically from 7-dehydrocholesterol present in the skin. In cow's milk it has been determined that the concentration of Vitamin D3 in milk provided by the cow is roughly 35-70 International Units per quart as determined via biological assay and approximately 50-80 International Units as determined by modern chemical mass spectrometric procedures. However these are rather low levels of Vitamin D3 from the perspective of providing the 200-400 IU per day as recommended by the Food and Nutrition Board of the Institute of Medicine. Accordingly, as discussed above, the business practice of supplementing cows' milk with chemically synthesized Vitamin D3 was initiated.
At the present time almost all milk sold commercially in the United States has 400 IU of chemically synthesized Vitamin D3 added per quart. Any vendor of milk for human consumption containing added Vitamin D3 is required by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to include a notice on the milk carton label. Usually this label states ‘400 IU of added Vitamin D3. However it is not required by law to indicate either the manufacturer of the added Vitamin D3 or the sources of the cholesterol and 7-dehydrocholesterol used for its production. It is a fact that most milk sold in the US will contain Vitamin D3 with two origins:
a) That Vitamin D3 made by the cow using sunlight to irradiate 7-dehydrocholesterol present in her skin.
b) That Vitamin D3 made by a chemical process and then added to the cow milk as a nutritional supplement.
It is simply not possible to distinguish the origins of the two Vitamin D3 preparations by any biological or chemical
An Ahimsa Crisis: You Decide
108
