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________________ winn erwar-V / zrIdevakumAra jaina, si. AcArya, darzanazAstrI, sAhityaratna [aneka patra-patrikAoM ke sampAdaka] syAdvAda siddhAnta : eka anuzIlana PROM manuSya eka vicArazIla prANI hai / vaha apane janmakAla se hI sva-astitva ke bAre meM vicAra karatA AyA hai| isa vicAra ke sAtha hI darzana kA prAdurbhAva ho jAtA hai| bhale hI hama use darzana ke nAma se sambodhita kareM athavA anya kisI nAma se sambodhita kareM, lekina yaha satya hai ki vicAra karane ke sAtha hI darzana ke kSetra meM praveza ho jAtA hai| yahI nahIM, rAjanaitika, Arthika, sAmAjika Adi jIvana se sambandhita sabhI pravRttiyoM meM darzana kA astitva tila meM tela kI taraha vidyamAna hai / darzana ke astitva kI asvIkRti kA siddhAnta bhI prakArAntara se darzana kA pariNAma hai / ghaTa-darzana ityAdi vyavahAra meM cAkSuSajJAna artha meM, Atma-darzana ityAdi vyavahAra meM sAkSAtkAra artha meM aura nyAya-darzana, sAMkhyadarzana ityAdi vyavahAra meM tatvacintana kI vicAra-saraNI artha meM darzana zabda kA prayoga dekhA jAtA hai| unameM se prastAvita prasaMga meM darzana zabda kA artha tatvacintana kI vicAra-saraNI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| isa vicAra-saraNI meM darzana kA abhidheya satya kA sAkSAtkAra karanA hai| satya vaha hai jo pUrNa hai aura pUrNa hokara bhI yathArtha rUpa se pratIta hotA hai / sAkSAtkAra kA abhiprAya hai jisameM bhrama, sandeha, matabheda yA virodha ko avakAza na ho| . yadyapi sabhI darzana aura unake pravartaka satya kA hI samarthana karate haiM aura aharniza satyAnveSaNa kI sAdhanA evaM nirUpaNa meM tallIna rahate haiM, tathApi satyAnveSaNa aura satya-nirUpaNa kI paddhati sarvatra eka-sI nahIM hotI hai| satya-prakAzana kI paddhati sabakI apanI-apanI hai| bauddha-darzana meM jisa praNAlI dvArA satya kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai, usase viparIta vedAnta-darzana kI praNAlI hai| isI prakAra nyAya, sAMkhya Adi-Adi darzanoM kI satya-nirUpaNa kI paddhati apanI-apanI aura bhinna-bhinna hai| unameM satya-nirUpaNa hetu jaina-darzana kI praNAlI apanI aura anUThI hI hai / vaha vibhinna vicArakoM kA virodha na kara udAratA kA paricaya dete hue unake AMzika satyoM ko yathA-sthAna satya mAnatI hai| jaina-darzana kI isI praNAlI ko syAdvAda-siddhAnta kahate haiM / jaina-darzana kI udAratA kA kAraNa jaina-darzana ne vicAra evaM jIvana sambandhI apanI vyavasthAoM ke vikAsa meM kabhI bhI kisI prakAra kA saMkucita dRSTikoNa nahIM apanAyA / usakI vaicArika bhUmikA sadaiva udAtta rahI hai| vaha samanvaya ke dRSTikoNa ko apanAne evaM sahI tathyoM ko prastuta karane ke liye AgrahazIla rahA hai / isa Agraha meM saMgharSa yA khaMDana kA svara nahIM, apitu usa praNAlI ko prastuta karane kA lakSya rakhA gayA hai jo sayuktika aura jIvana-sparzI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina-darzana dvArA tatva-nirUpaNa ke liye syAdavAda-siddhAnta jaisI nirdoSa praNAlI ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai|
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________________ 307 syAdvAda siddhAnta : eka anuzIlana kabhI-kabhI jaina darzana ke bAre meM kahA jAtA hai ki vaha avasaravAdI hai / isIlie usane apanI tAtvika cintana praNAlI meM aneka paraspara virodhI bAtoM kA samAveza kara liyA hai aura usakA apanA kucha bhI nahIM hai / parantu gambhIratA se vicAra karane para ukta dhAraNA nirmUla siddha ho jAtI hai, kyoMki paraspara virodhI bAtoM kA samAveza kisI vyAvahArika suvidhA ke vicAra se jainadarzana meM nahIM kiyA gayA hai parantu padArthoM kI vaisI sthiti aura cintana-manana- kathana kI svAbhAvika pariNati ke kAraNa sahaja rUpa meM aisA ho hI jAtA hai / ataeva isa bAta ko spaSTatayA samajhane ke lie tatva viSayaka sthiti ko samajha lenA yukti-saMgata hogA / jaina darzana kI tatva viSayaka bhUmikA hama pratyakSataH vizva kI saMracanA, vikAsa, vinAza aura vyavasthA kI prakriyA meM paraspara viruddha guNa-dharmoM vAle do padArthoM ko dekha rahe haiM / hamArA anubhava bhI isa sthiti ko pramANita karatA hai / unameM eka sacetana (sajIva) aura dUsarA acetana ( ajIva ) hai / aneka cintakoM ne apane-apane dRSTikoNa se isa sambandha meM vicAra vyakta kiye haiM / kucha cintakoM ne sirpha eka cidAtmaka ( sacetana) dravya hI jagat ke zeSa padArthoM ko mAyA jAla batalAyA hai / parantu kyA yaha hai ? kyA ina dRzyamAna padArthoM kA apane vibhinna rUpoM meM astitva nahIM hai ? kucha dUsare cintakoM ne kevala bhautika padArthoM kI sattA svIkAra kI hai aura unhIM ke melajola se caitanya kI utpatti mAnI hai / lekina kyA yaha saMbhava hai ki vijAtIya guNa, jAti, svabhAva vAlI vastu se usase viparIta guNa-dharma-svabhAva vAlI vastu kI utpatti ho jAye ? svIkAra kiyA hai aura dRzyamAna dRzyamAna jagat mithyA hai, asat jaina darzana jIva- ajIva donoM tatvoM ko svIkAra karatA hai| donoM kA apane-apane guNa, dharma, svabhAva se astitva hai / unameM apanI-apanI sthiti rUpa se parivartana hote rahane para bhI nityatA hai / ve na to sarvathA nitya hI haiM aura na sarvathA anitya hI / isI prakAra unameM vastutva, prameyatva Adi aneka guNa haiM / padArthoM kI yaha sthiti hai / isI pRSThabhUmi ke AdhAra para jaina darzana ne apanA dRSTikoNa evaM cintana-manana ke liye syAdvAda kA siddhAnta prastuta kiyA hai / syAdvAda kI paribhASA vicAra karane kI kSamatA hI manuSya ko samagra prANadhAriyoM meM eka viziSTa sthAna prApta karAtI hai / manuSya svayaM socatA hai aura svataMtratA pUrvaka socatA hai| pariNAmataH vicAroM kI vibhinna janma letI haiM / eka hI vastu ke bAre meM vibhinna vyakti apane-apane dRSTikoNoM se socanA prArambha karate haiN| yahAM taka to vicAroM kA krama ThIka rUpa meM calatA hai, kintu usake Age yaha hotA hai ki vicAra karane vAle vicAraNIya vastu ko vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se dekhakara usake samagra svarUpa ko samajhane kI ora unmukha nahIM hote, jisake phalasvarUpa ekAntika dRSTikoNa evaM haThavAditA kA vAtAvaraNa banane lagatA hai aura jo vicAra satya jJAna kI ora bar3hA sakate the, ve hI pArasparika samanvaya ke abhAva meM vidveSapUrNa saMgharSa ke jaTila kAraNoM ke rUpa meM parivartita ho jAte haiM / isa saMgharSa kA parihAra syAdvAda siddhAnta dvArA saMbhava hai / hama apane jIvana-vyavahAra ko hI leN| vaha vidhi - niSedha - saMsparzI pArzvayugala ke bIca se gujaratA hai / pratyeka rUpa aura kriyA-kalApa meM inakA prayoga dUdha meM pAnI ke samAna milA huA dekhate haiM / inake binA hama apane vyavahAra kA nirvAha eka kSaNa ke liye bhI nahIM kara sakate / jaise AyAryapravara abhi zrI Ananda da. Ayapatra anya 9 zrI Ananda alll 30 Amada an
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________________ K AJAL . . . . . . . . AcAryaprava3 milApAryapravara Abhinaya zrIAnandA zrIAnanda anya 308 dharma aura darzana eka hI vyakti meM pitRtva, putratva, bhrAtRtva Adi aneka sthitiyoM kA samAveza hai, kintu vaktA apanIapanI apekSAoM kI mukhyatA aura gauNatA ke dRSTikoNa se use saMbodhita karatA hai aura ve apekSAyeM usa-usa dRSTikoNa se satya mAnI jAtI haiN| 'syAdavAda' syAt aura vAda ina do zabdoM se niSpanna yaugika rUpa hai| inameM 'syAt' zabda kA artha eka apekSA se aura 'vAda' zabda kA artha kathana karanA hai| arthAt apekSA vizeSa se anya apekSAoM kA nirAkaraNa nahIM karate hue vastu-svarUpa kA pratipAdana karanA 'syAdvAda' kahalAtA hai| pratyeka padArtha meM ananta dharmoM kI sattA hai, yaha pUrva meM saMketa kiyA gayA hai| vaha sattA usa padArtha meM vidyamAna anya dharmoM kI pratirodhaka nahIM hai| syAdvAda una ananta dharmoM kI vidyamAnatA kA nizcaya karAtA hai aura unako batalAne ke lie 'syAt' zabda samasta vAkyoM ke sAtha pragaTa yA apragaTa rUpa se prayoga karatA hai athavA sambaddha rahatA hai| vastu aura usake vividha AyAmoM kA jAnanA utanA kaThina nahIM hai, jitanA zabdoM dvArA unakA kathana karanA kaThina hai| eka jJAna aneka AyAmoM (dharmoM) ko eka sAtha jAna sakatA hai, kintu eka zabda eka samaya meM vastu ke eka hI dharma kA AMzika kathana kara sakatA hai| vaha aneka dharmoM meM se kisI eka dharma kA mukhyatA se vacana-vyavahAra karatA hai, kyoMki anekadharmAtmaka vastu meM jisa dharma kI vivakSA hotI hai, vaha dharma mukhya aura itara dharma gauNa kahalAtA hai| vaktA ke vacanavyavahAra ke dRSTikoNa ko samajhane meM zrotA ko koI dhokhA na ho, yaha syAdvAda kA hArda (Azaya) hai| samasta saMsAra paraspara virodhI bAtoM se bharA par3A hai| aisI sthiti meM unakA parihAra kisI eka hI pakSa ko aGgIkAra karane se nahIM kintu abhIpsita abhidheya ko mukhya aura anabhIpsita ko gauNa mAnakara kiyA jA sakatA hai| padArthoM meM paraspara virodhI dharmoM ke sahatitva kA kAraNa yaha spaSTa tathya hai ki vizva kI pratyeka vastu apane sat-astitva se samanvita hokara bhI asat-nAstitva se sahita hai aura yaha kSaNakSayatA-anityatA bhI sat aMza se vihIna nahIM hai| yaha astitva kyoM hai ? astitva kA artha hai sat kI prAthamikatA / sattA kA artha pratyeka saMbhava niSedha kA tyAga aura sva kI zuddha svIkRti hai| yaha sat aura asat donoM hai| yadi asat-nAstitva na ho to koI astitva, koI sattA, koI abhivyakti nahIM hogii| yaha asat hai jo sat ko abhivyakta hone ko prerita karatA hai| asat usa sat para Azrita hai, jisakA vaha niSedha karatA hai / asat zabda svayaM hI asat para sat kI dArzanika prAthamikatA ko vyakta karatA hai| yadi pahale sat na ho to koI asat nahIM ho sktaa| sat apane andara svayaM ko aura jo usake pratikula yA viruddha hai, usa asat ko bhI rakhatA hai| asat sat kA hI aMza hai / vaha usase alaga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isaliye pratyeka vastu meM paraspara virodhI dharmoM kA sahavartitva svataH siddha ho jAtA hai| yaha sahavartitva eka hI vastu meM avirodha rUpa se rahatA hai aura pratyakSAdi pramANoM se pramANita hotA hai / inake sahavartitva ke kAraNa vaktA praznAnusAra vidhi-pratiSedha kA Azraya lekara vAg-vyavahAra karatA hai| __eka hI vastu meM yadyapi paraspara virodhI dharmoM kA avasthAna kucha asamaMjasa meM DAla detA hai parantu madhyastha evaM taTastha dRSTi se athavA 'mitrasya cakSuSA samIkSAmahe' ke bhAvAnusAra vicAra kareM to asAmaMjasya kI sthiti svataH dUra ho jAtI hai| eka hI dRSTi se vastu nitya aura anitya kadApi nahIM ho sakatI, kintu ve paraspara virodhI dharma apane-apane svarUpa se rahate hue bhI dUsare kA apalApa nahIM krte|
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________________ mANa v syAdvAda siddhAnta : eka anuzIlana 306 vizva meM aisA koI padArtha nahIM hai, jo apane svarUpa se, apane guNa, dharma, svabhAva se to na ho kintu dUsare ke guNa, dharma, svabhAva se ho / yadi padArtha svarUpa se to na ho, kintu pararUpa se ho to mabhI meM ekarUpatA ho jAyegI aura vibhinnatA nAma kI koI cIja nahIM rhegii| isalie pratyeka padArtha apane svarUpa se hai, pararUpa se nhiiN| yaha prayoga aura svabhAva se siddha hai| vaha astitva rUpa se evaM nAstitva rUpa se pariNamita hotA rahatA hai| phira bhI pArasparika viruddhatA hone para bhI unake / sahavartitva rUpa se rahane meM koI virodha dikhalAI nahIM detA hai| jaise ghaTamaulisuvarNArthI nAzotpAdasthitiSvayam / zoka-pramoda-mAdhyasthaM jano yAti sahetukam // eka svarNakAra ke pAsa tIna grAhaka phuNce| unameM se eka ko svarNa-ghaTa, dUsare ko mukuTa aura tIsare ko svarNa kI AvazyakatA thii| usa samaya svarNakAra svarNa-ghaTa ko tor3akara mukuTa banA rahA thaa| svarNakAra kI isa pravRtti ko dekhakara ghaTa ke grAhaka ko duHkha huA, mukuTa ke icchuka ko harSa aura svarNa lene vAlA vyakti, usa sthiti meM madhyastha rhaa| isakA tAtparya yaha huA ki vahAM eka hI samaya meM eka vyakti vinAza ko dekha rahA hai, dUsarA utpatti dekha rahA hai aura tIsarA vyakti una donoM sthitiyoM meM madhyastha rahakara svarNa-rUpa dhruvatA ko dekha rahA hai / ukta dRSTAnta se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki utpAda aura vinAza do paraspara viruddha dharma haiM aura vacana-vyavahAra dvArA unakA alaga-alaga kathana kiyA jAtA hai, phira bhI ye utpAda aura vinAza rUpa donoM dharma eka hI svarNa nAmaka padArtha meM sahavartI rUpa se vidyamAna haiN| una donoM dharmoM ke hote rahane hara bhI svarNa nAmaka dravya meM kisI prakAra kA antara nahIM AtA hai| donoM hI sthitiyoM meM vaha svarNa nAma se sambodhita kiyA jAtA hai| svarNatva sthAyI rUpa se sthira hai| isaliye paraspara viruddha dharmoM kA eka padArtha meM sahatitva mAnane meM kisI prakAra kI Apatti nahIM hai| isa prakAra ke svabhAva se vizva kA pratyeka padArtha samanvita hai / syAdvAda kI kathanazailI padArtha sarvathA nitya yA sarvathA anitya nahIM hai kintu pariNAmI nitya hai| pariNAmI nitya kA artha hai-pratisamaya nimittAnusAra bhinna-bhinna avasthAoM meM parivartita hote hue bhI apane svarUpa kA parityAga nahIM krnaa| pratyeka padArtha (dravya) apanI jAti kA tyAga kiye binA hI pratisamaya nimittAnusAra parivartana karatA rahatA hai| yahI dravya kA pariNAma kahalAtA hai / yaha pariNAma anAdi-ananta haiM aura sAdi-sAnta haiN| usa cakra meM se kabhI koI aMza lupta nahIM hotA aura koI bhAga mAtra nitya aura koI bhAga mAtra anitya nahIM ho sktaa| isakA Azaya yaha huA ki pratyeka dravya meM do zaktiyAM hotI haiM--eka aisI jo tInoM kAloM meM zAzvata hai aura dUsarI aisI jo sadA azAzvata hai / zAzvatatA ke kAraNa pratyeka vastu dhrauvyAtmaka (sthira) aura azAzvatatA ke kAraNa utpAda-vyayAtmaka (asthira) kahalAtI hai| ukta zAzvatika aura azAzvatika svabhAva se yukta dravya kI zAzvatika sthiti ko guNa aura azAzvatika sthiti ko paryAya bhI kahate haiN| jo guNa-paryAyavAna hai, use dravya kahate haiM / ye guNa aura paryAya ananta haiN| guNa trikAlavartI hote haiM aura paryAya pratisamaya avasthA se avasthAntara ko karane vAlI hotI haiM / prakArAntara se kahA jA sakatA hai ki dravya meM pariNAma-janana kI jo zakti hotI hai, vahI usakA guNa kahalAtI hai aura guNajanya pariNAma paryAya / eka dravya meM zakti-rUpa se ananta guNa haiM jo vastutaH AzrayabhUta dravya se avibhAjya haiN| pratyeka guNa-zakti kI bhinna-bhinna samayoM meM hone vAlI kAlika paryAyeM ananta haiM / dravya aura usakI aMzabhUta zaktiyAM utpanna va vinaSTa na hone ke kAraNa nitya arthAt anAdi-ananta haiM parantu sabhI paryAya pratikSaNa utpanna tathA naSTa hote EMAMANIKiranmainaaJanamanoraruncesranamamaniaNAIRSANASAMAamaramAAAAAAJAMANDAKamadanim a AcAryapravabhiAcAryapravabhinaya zrAAnandagranthazrAAnandAgrantha viewIYArrrr
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________________ mr mrth`nnnm`lth````````````````````````h`h`h`nh`n my`````yhk mn fhmydhym hr khy m`````````hd s`rh AcAryapravara abhiApApravara Abhanna zrIAnanda anya zrIAnanda 310 dharma aura darzana rahane ke kAraNa vyaktizaH anitya arthAt sAdi-sAnta haiM aura pravAha kI apekSA anAdi-ananta haiM / kAraNabhUta eka zakti ke dvArA dravya meM hone vAlA traikAlika paryAya-pravAha sajAtIya bhI hai aura vijAtIya bhI hai| dravya meM ananta zaktiyoM se janya paryAya-pravAha eka sAtha calate rahate haiN| bhinna-bhinna zakti-janya vijAtIyaparyAya eka samaya meM eka dravya meM pAyI jA sakatI haiN| parantu eka zakti-janya bhinna-bhinna samayabhAvI sajAtIya paryAya eka dravya meM eka samaya meM nahIM pAyI jA sakatI haiN| IP traikAlika ananta paryAyoM ke eka-eka pravAha kI kAraNabhUta eka-eka zakti (guNa) aura aisI ananta zaktiyoM kA samudAya dravya hai, yaha kathana bhI bhedasApekSa hai| abhedadRSTi se paryAya apaneapane kAraNabhUta guNasvarUpa aura guNa dravya-svarUpa hai| dravya meM saba guNa eka-se nahIM haiN| kucha sAdhAraNa arthAt saba dravyoM meM samAna rUpa se pAye jAne vAle hote haiM, jaise---astitva, nAstitva, pradezatva, prameyatva Adi aura kucha asAdhAraNa arthAt mukhyarUpa se eka-eka dravya meM pAye jAne vAle hote haiM, jaise-cetanA, rUpa aadi| ina asAdhAraNa guNoM aura tajjanya paryAyoM ke kAraNa pratyeka dravya ekadUsare se bhinna hai| pUrvokta kathana se yaha sahaja hI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki dravya-svabhAva kA yaha vaicitrya hai ki paraspara virodhI zaktiyoM---astitva, nAstitva, bheda-abheda, nitya-anitya Adi kA usameM samAveza hai aura ye sabhI apanI-apanI apekSAoM se yukta haiN| ina ApekSika dharmoM kA kathana yA jJAna apekSA ko sAmane rakhe binA nahIM ho sakatA / isalie paraspara virodhI hone para bhI nityAnityAdi dRSTi kA prayoga eka hI vastu meM pakSa-bheda ko lakSya meM rakhate hae hotA hai| inakA kathana karane ke liye sva dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva kI apekSA vidhirUpa aura para dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva kI apekSA niSedharUpa prakriyA apanAI jAtI hai / isameM na to bhrAMti kI saMbhAvanA hai aura na tatvajJAna sambandhI koI rahasyamaya gutthI sulajhAne kA hI prazna uThatA hai / isake liye eka udAharaNa prastuta karate haiM eka aMgUThI kisI sAdhAraNa dhAtu yA pItala kI banI huI hai kintu usa para isa prakAra kA mulammA kiyA gayA hai ki vaha sone kI banI huI-sI dikhalAI de| koI grAhaka use kharIdane ke lie AtA hai, parantu kharIdane ke pahale vaha nizcaya kara lenA cAhatA hai ki aMgUThI sone kI banI hai yA nhiiN| vaha eka anubhavI vyakti se pUchatA hai ki kyA vaha aMgUThI sone kI banI hai ? use isakA uttara 'nahIM' meM milatA hai| grAhaka punaH pUchatA hai ki vaha sone kI nahIM banI hai to phira kisa dhAtu kI banI huI hai ? jAnakAra usa dhAtu kA nAma batAtA hai, jisase vaha aMgUThI banI hai aura phira usa para sone kA mulammA kara diyA gayA hai| prAmANikatA ke liye vaha aMgUThI ke kisI bhAga ko jarA-sA kharoMca kara batalA detA hai ki aMgUThI kisa dhAtu kI banI hai| isa prakAra eka hI aMgUThI ke viSaya meM do kathana-eka niSedhAtmaka (sone kI nahIM banI hai) aura dUsarA vidhyAtmaka (jisa dhAtu kI banI hai, usakA nAma) nyAyya aura satya hai| jaba grAhaka yaha jAnanA cAhatA hai ki kyA aMgUThI sone kI banI hai to 'nahIM' uttara satya hai aura jaba aMgUThI sone kI nahIM banI hai to kisa dhAtu kI banI hai ? usakA uttara cAhe taba amuka dhAtu kI banI hai, yaha uttara satya hai / sArAMza yaha hai ki niSedhAtmaka dRSTi kA udaya taba hotA hai jaba vastu meM 'para' kI apekSA se kathana hotA hai aura vidhidRSTi kA prayoga usake 'sva' rUpa se kahane meM hotA hai| vAstava meM aMgUThI to sone kI bajAya dUsarI dhAtu kI hai, kintu jisakI apekSA nahIM kahA gayA hai, vaha sone kI apekSA kahA gayA hai| isa prakAra vizva kA pratyeka padArtha ApekSika kathana dvArA syAdvAda praNAlI kA viSaya banatA hai,
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________________ syAdvAda siddhAnta : eka anuzIlana 311 9 hAM, yaha bAta dhyAna meM rakhane yogya hai ki eka hI apekSA se vidhi-rUpa aura niSedha-rUpa kathana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa sthiti ko syAdvAda meM nizcita zabdAvalI dvArA vyakta kiyA jAtA hai aura nimnalikhita saptabhaMgoM dvArA kathana-paramparA calatI hai-- 1. syAt-asti kathaMcit hai| 2. syAnnAsti kathaMcit nahIM hai| 3. syAdasti-nAsti kathaMcit hai aura nahIM hai| 4. syAdavaktavya kathaMcit kahA nahIM jA sakatA hai| 5. syAdasti-avaktavya kathaMcit hai, to bhI kahA nahIM jA sakatA hai / 6. syAnnAsti-avaktavya kathaMcit nahIM hai to bhI kahA nahIM jA sakatA hai| 7. syAdasti-nAsti-avaktavya kathaMcit hai aura nahIM hai to bhI kahA nahIM jA sakatA hai| ukta bhaMgoM ke mAdhyama se mukhya aura upacAra kathanazailI dvArA vastu-svarUpa samajhane meM saphalatA milatI hai aura bhrAMta-dhAraNAoM kA unmUlana hokara zAzvata satya samajha meM A jAtA hai| vastu ke ananta dharma jJAna kA viSaya hone se jJeya haiN| isI taraha zabda kA vAcya hone se abhidheya bhI haiN| hama jina-jina zabdoM dvArA vastu ko saMbodhita karate haiM, vastu meM una-una zabdoM dvArA kahI jAne vAlI zaktiyAM vidyamAna haiN| yadi aisA na hotA to ve vastuyeM una-una zabdoM ke dvArA saMbodhita nahIM hotIM aura na una zabdoM ko sunakara vivakSita dharmoM kA bodha hI hotaa| syAdvAda dvArA una dharmoM kA apekSAoM ko lakSya meM rakhate hue kathana kiyA jAtA hai, lekina vastU ke anujIvI dharmoM meM isakA prayoga nahIM hotA hai, jaise-AtmA cetana hai, aura pudgala rUpa, rasa, gaMdha evaM varNa vAlA hai / kyoMki AtmabhUta lakSaNAtmaka dharma ApekSika nahIM hote haiN| yadi unheM bhI kisI prakAra ApekSika banAyA jA sake to phira unameM bhI syAdvAda prakriyA lAgU hogii| saptabhaMgoM kI siddhi vastu meM vidyamAna ananta dharma trikAla-bhUta, vartamAna aura bhaviSyavartI haiM / ataH unake kathana kI prakriyA bhI aisI honI cAhiye, jisase unakA kathana hote rahane ke sAtha-sAtha kathitetara dharmoM ke astitva Adi kA bodha hotA rahe evaM unakA apalApa yA avagaNanA na ho jAye / isa sArvakAlika sthiti kA digdarzana syAdvAda dvArA karAyA jAtA hai aura usa sthiti meM syAdasti, syAnnAsti Adi saptabhaMga svayameva siddha ho jAte haiN| ina sapta bhaMgoM meM syAt-asti, nAsti aura avaktavya ye tIna asaMyogI bhaMga haiM / syAdastinAsti, syAdasti-avaktavya, syAnnAsti-avaktavya dvisaMyogI aura syAdasti-nAsti-avaktavya yaha In visaMyogI bhaMga hai| yadyapi asti aura nAsti rUpa sthiti kA anubhava to hameM pratisamaya hotA hai aura hamArA bartAva, vyavahAra donoM meM se kisI eka kI mukhyatA aura dUsare kI gauNatA ke AdhAra para calatA rahatA hai, kintu usa sthiti meM bhI vastu ananta dharmoM se vihIna nahIM hai| ataH inakI sattA avaktavya zabda dvArA pragaTa kI jAtI hai| zeSa bhaMga kramika aura yugapat mukhyatA aura gauNatA dene se bana jAte haiN| yahA~ prazna hotA hai ki jaba eka kI mukhyatA aura dUsare kI gauNatA ke AdhAra para vAgavyavahAra hotA hai to ukta saptabhaMgoM ke asti, nAsti ina do bhaMgoM meM se koI eka bhaMga rakha liyA jAye aura dUsarA na mAnA jAye / yadi isase kAma cala sakatA hai to dUsare bhaMgoM kI saMkhyA bhI nahIM AAKIRAILERaransaAAAAAAKJAINLADABANKaamanariesreadiadyaAMDAINIKKAniraanwar bhrh bh hmrh fy `mrhm AcAryapravabhiH AcAryapravabhinaya zrAAnandagranthazrAAnandaanya MAmrivim oranmomwww.marimmmm mmmirrrriinners
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________________ ADAAIJANAINA LAMAJAINIJABRAJARARAMAnaeminadaKARALAAAAABAJANASABADASANABARARIAAIRS azApravana abhiAyAmapravabhinoM AAADandA AN -trwWVYAVM wwimweaviwomamriomwwwmwamme 312 dharma aura darzana bddh'egii| parantu isa sambandha meM yaha vicAraNIya hai ki yadi mAtra 'asti bhaMga' mAnA jAye aura 'nAsti bhaMga na mAnA jAye to jo vastu eka sthAna para hai, vaha anya saba sthAnoM para bhI rhegii| isa taraha eka sthAna para vidyamAna ghar3A bhI vyApaka ho jAyegA / isI taraha kevala 'nAsti bhaMga' hI mAnA jAye to eka sthAna para vastu kA abhAva hone se sarvatra usakA abhAva ho jaayegaa| eka vastu ke sambandha meM jo kathana hai, usako sArvatrika samajhanA caahiye| isaliye asti, nAsti ina donoM bhaMgoM ko pRthak-pRthaka mAnane kI AvazyakatA hai| isake sivAya ina bhaMgoM kA viSaya alaga-alaga hai| eka kA kArya dUsare se nahIM ho sktaa| jaise ghar3A yahA~ nahIM hai, isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki amuka sthAna para ghar3A hai| ataH jijJAsA kA samAdhAna karane ke liye 'vaha kahA~ para hai', isakA jJAna karAne ke lie asti bhaMga Avazyaka hai| isI prakAra asti-bhaMga kA prayoga hone para bhI nAsti-bhaMga kI AvazyakatA banI rahatI hai, jaise 'merI thAlI meM roTI hai' kaha dene para bhI 'tumhArI thAlI meM roTI nahIM hai' kahane kI AvazyakatA rahatI hai kyoMki ye donoM cIjeM bhinna-bhinna haiN| isa prakAra asti, nAsti ina donoM bhaMgoM ko pRthak-pRthak mAnanA siddha hai|| asti-nAsti' nAmaka tatIya bhaMga ukta donoM bhaMgoM se alaga svIkAra karanA hogA, kyoMki kevala asti athavA kevala nAsti dvArA usakA jJAna nahIM ho sktaa| mizrita vastu ke kathana ke liye mizrita zabda kA upayoga ho sakatA hai| mizrita vastu ko bhinna mAnanA pratIta siddha hai| jaise khaTamiTThA zabda ko hI le leN| isameM khaTTA aura mIThA do zabda saMyukta haiM aura unakI vAcya vastu ke guNa-dharma bhI alaga-alaga haiN| parantu una donoM ke saMyoga se eka tIsare prakAra kI rasasthiti vyakta hotI hai jo na khaTTI hai aura na mIThI hai / ataH asti-nAsti rUpa tIsarA bhaMga pahale batAye gaye asti, nAsti ina do bhaMgoM se bhinna hai / avaktavya nAmaka cauthA bhaMga hai / padArtha meM vidyamAna aneka dharma eka sAtha nahIM kahe jA skte| isaliye eka sAtha sva-para-catuSTaya dvArA kahe jAne kI apekSA vastu avaktavya hai| isake sivAya vastu isaliye bhI avaktavya hai ki usameM jitane dharma haiM, utane usake vAcaka zabda nahIM haiN| dharma ananta haiM aura zabda saMkhyAta / dUsarI bAta yaha bhI hai ki padArtha svabhAva se avaktavya hai| vaha anubhava meM A sakatA hai kintu zabdoM se nahIM kahA jA sakatA / jaise mizrI kA mIThApana yA namaka kA khArApana yadi koI jAnanA cAhe to vaha zabdoM dvArA nahIM kintu cakhakara hI jAnA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra kaI apekSAoM se padArtha avaktavya hai| yaha to suvidita hI hai ki jisa apekSA se hama vastu ke 'astitva' athavA 'nAstitva' kA kathana karate haiM, usakI apekSA vastu ke hone yA na hone ke bAda bhI anya sabhI apekSAyeM akathanIya rahatI haiM aura unakA astitva asvIkRta nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| una apekSAoM ke sadbhAva kI abhivyakti ke liye samAnavAcaka zabda kA prayoga karanA par3atA hai| yadyapi kaI apekSAoM se padArtha avaktavya hai, phira bhI kisI dRSTi se vaktavya bhI ho sakatA hai| isaliye jaba avaktavya ke sAtha 'asti', 'nasti' aura 'Asti-nAsti' ko saMbaddha kareMge taba kramazaH 'asti-avaktavya,' 'nAsti-avaktavya' aura 'asti-nAsti-avaktavya' nAmaka kramazaH paMcama, SaSTha aura saptama bhaMga bana jAte haiN| syAdavAda aura naya syAdvAda ke aMga-pratyaMga naya haiN| naya na to pramANa haiM aura na apramANa hai kintu pramANAMza haiN| pramANa ke dvArA pUrNa vastu kA jJAna hotA hai aura naya pramANa ke dvArA parijJAta vastu ke eka
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________________ syAdvAda siddhAnta : eka anuzIlana 313 OVIE deza ko grahaNa karatA hai| isIliye ananta dharmoM se yukta samagra vastu pramANa ke dvArA jJAta hone para bhI apane-apane abhiprAyAnusAra usa vastu ke eka dharmavizeSa kA jJAna karAne vAle ko naya kahate haiN| vaise to koI bhI zabda vastu ke eka hI dharma ko kaha sakatA hai, phira bhI usa zabda dvArA samasta vastu bhI kahI jA sakatI hai aura eka dharma bhii| isakA patA zabdoM se nahIM, bhAvoM se lagatA hai| jaba hama kisI zabda ke dvArA pUre padArtha ko kahanA cAhate haiM, taba vaha pramANavAkya kahA jAtA hai aura jaba zabda dvArA kisI eka dharma ko kahA jAtA hai taba vaha nayavAkya mAnA jAtA hai| jaise, jIva zabda ke dvArA jIvana guNa evaM anya ananta dharmoM ke akhaMDa piMDarUpa AtmA kA kathana karanA pramANavAkya hai, aura jaba jIva zabda dvArA sirpha jIvanadharma kA hI bodha kiyA jAye to use nayavAkya kahate haiN| isa vaktavya kA yaha artha huA ki pramANadRSTi se padArtha anekAntAtmaka hai aura nayadRSTi se ekAntAtmaka hai, kintu vaha sarvathA anekAntAtmaka aura sarvathA ekAntAtmaka nahIM hai| isa Azaya ko pragaTa karane ke liye pratyeka vAkya ke sAtha syAdvAda-sUcaka syAt, kathaMcit athavA kisI apekSA Adi meM se kisI eka kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| yadi hama kisI kAraNa-vaza prayoga na bhI kareM to bhI hamArA abhiprAya aisA rahanA cAhiye, anyathA yaha saba vyavasthA aura utpanna jJAna mithyA ho jaayegaa| vastu anantadharmAtmaka hai, ataeva kathana-paddhati bhI ananta honI cAhiye aura jaba unakI vacana-paddhati ananta hai to naya bhI utane hI prakAra ke hoNge| phira bhI unakA samAhAra karate hue aura samajhane meM saralatA kI dRSTi se una saba vacanapakSoM ko adhika-se-adhika sAta bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kara diyA gayA hai| unake nAma isa prakAra haiM 1. naigamanaya, 2. saMgrahanaya, 3. vyavahAranaya, 4. RjumUtranaya, 5. zabdanaya, 6. samabhirUr3hanaya, 7. evaMbhUtanaya / ina ananta vacanapakSoM kA aura bhI saMkSepa meM saMgraha karane ke liye nizcayanaya aura vyavahAranaya, ina do bhAgoM meM vibhAjana karake vacana-vyavahAra calatA rahatA hai| pUrvokta ye sAtoM naya pUrva-pUrva sthUla viSaya ko aura uttarottara sUkSma viSaya ko grahaNa karane vAle hote haiM / jaise, naigamanaya sat-asat donoM ko viSaya karatA hai, kintu saMgrahanaya mAtra sat ko hI grahaNa karatA hai| isI prakAra kramazaH anyAnya nayoM ke bAre meM bhI samajha lenA caahiye| syAdvAda saMpUrNa jainetara darzanoM kA samanvaya karatA hai| etadartha jainadarzanakAroM kA kathana hai ki saMpUrNa darzana 'nayavAda' meM garbhita ho jAte haiM, ataeva saMpUrNa darzana naya kI apekSA se satya haiN| udAharaNArtha Rjusutranaya kI apekSA bauddha, saMgrahanaya kI apekSA vedAnta, naigamanaya kI apekSA nyAyavaizeSika, zabdanaya kI apekSA zabdabrahmavAdI tathA vyavahAranaya kI apekSA cArvAka-darzana ko satya kahA jA sakatA hai| ye nayarUpa samasta darzana paraspara viruddha hokara bhI samudita hokara samyaktvarUpa kahe jAte haiN| jisaprakAra bhinna-bhinna maNiyoM ke eka sAtha gaMthe jAne se sundara mAlA taiyAra ho jAtI hai, usItaraha jaba bhinna-bhinna darzana sApekSa vRtti dhAraNa karake eka hote haiM, usa samaya ye jainadarzana kahe jAte haiM / 'syAdvAda' paraspara eka dUsare para AkramaNa karane vAle darzanoM ko sApekSa satya mAnakara sabakA samanvaya karatA hai| isIliye jaina vidvAnoM ne jina bhagavAna ke vacanoM ko 'mithyAdarzanoM kA samUha' mAnakara 'amRta kA sAra' batAyA hai| pramANa dvArA gRhIta aura naya dvArA jJAta vastu aura dharma syAdvAda dvArA abhidheya haiN| unameM astitva, nAstitva Adi saptabhaMga ApekSika dRSTi ko lakSya meM rakhate hue samajhe jA sakate haiN| isaliye pramANagRhIta vastu meM astitva Adi saptabhaMgI kI praNAlI ko pramANa-saptabhaMgI aura naya dvArA kathita vastu ke eka dharma ke bAre meM astitva Adi bhaMgoM kA prayoga naya-saptabhaMgI kahalAtA hai| WAIIASumadrasannasase AcAryapravaAnApAryapraaaAlama NASA zrIAnandamaya zrIAnanda anya wami
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________________ LEARANJADKina Lowever.RANA : Vit Hasa abhiAgAra pravacana abhinaya zrIAnanda anya zrIAnandA anya wwmwwwMMMMENayawwNwHY 314 dharma aura darzana ekAntika dhAraNAeM aura sthAdvAda syAdvAda dvArA dArzanika ekAntavAdoM ke samanvaya karane kA jo prayAsa kiyA hai, vaha prAyaH isa prakAra haiM-bhAvaikAnta, abhAvaikAnta, dvaitakAnta, advaitaikAnta, nityakAnta, anityakAnta, bhedakAnta, abhedaikAnta, hetuvAda, ahetuvAda, apekSAvAda, anapekSAdAda, daivavAda, puruSArthavAda Adi / bhAvaikAntavAdiyoM kA kathana hai ki saba bhAvarUpa hI hai, abhAvarUpa koI bhI vastu nahIM hai-sarvaM sarvatra vidyate-saba sarvatra hai, na koI prAgabhAva rUpa hai, na pradhvaMsAbhAva rUpa hai, na anyonyAbhAva rUpa hai aura na atyantAbhAva rUpa hai / isake viparIta abhAvavAdI kA kahanA hai ki saba jagat abhAvarUpa hai--zUnyamaya hai / jo bhAvamaya samajhatA hai, vaha mithyA hai / yaha prathama saMgharSa kA rUpa hai| dvitIya saMgharSa hai eka aura aneka kA / eka (advaita) vAdI kahatA hai ki vastu eka hai, aneka nahIM hai| aneka kA darzana kevala mAyA-viz2ambhita hai| isake viparIta anekavAdI siddha karatA hai ki padArtha aneka haiM-eka nahIM haiN| yadi eka hI hoM to eka ke marane para sabake marane aura eka ke paidA hone para sabake paidA hone kA prasaMga AyegA / jo na dekhA jAtA hai aura na iSTa hI hai| tatIya dvandva hai nitya aura anitya kaa| nityavAdI kahatA hai ki vastu nitya hai| yadi vaha anitya ho to usake nAza ho jAne ke bAda phira yaha duniyA aura sthira vastuyeM kyoM dikhAI detI haiM ? anityavAdI isake viparIta kathana karate hue kahatA hai ki vastu pratisamaya naSTa hotI hai, vaha kabhI sthira nahIM rahatI hai| yadi nitya hI ho to janma-maraNa, vinAza, abhAva, parivartana Adi nahIM hone caahiye| cauthA dRSTikoNa sarvathA bheda aura sarvathA abheda ko svIkAra karane kA hai / sarvathA bhedavAdI kA kahanA hai ki kArya, kAraNa, guNa, guNI, sAmAnya aura sAmAnyavAn Adi sarvathA pRthak-pRthak haiM, apRthaka nahIM haiM / yadi apRthak hoM to eka kA dUsare meM anupraveza ho jAne se dUsare kA astitva Tika nahIM sakatA hai / isake viparIta sarvathA abhedavAdI kahatA hai ki kArya, kAraNa Adi sarvathA apRthaka haiM, kyoMki yadi ve pRthak-pRthak hoM to jisa prakAra pRthasiddha ghaTa aura paTa meM kArya-kAraNabhAva yA guNa-guNIbhAva nahIM hai, usI prakAra kAryakAraNa rUpa se abhimatoM athavA guNa-guNIrUpa se abhimatoM meM kArya-kAraNabhAva aura guNa-guNIbhAva kadApi nahIM bana sktaa| pAMcavAM apekSakAnta aura anapekSakAnta kA saMgharSa hai| apekSakAntavAdI kA maMtavya hai ki vastusiddhi apekSA se hotI hai| kauna nahIM jAnatA hai ki pramANa se hI prameya kI siddhi hotI hai aura isaliye prameya pramANa-sApekSa hai| yadi vaha usakI apekSA na kare to siddha nahIM ho sktaa| anapekSAvAdI kA tarka hai ki saba padArtha nirapekSa haiM, koI bhI kisI kI apekSA nahIM rkhtaa| yadi apekSA rakheM to parasparAzraya hone se eka bhI padArtha siddha nahIM ho skegaa| chaThavAM dRSTikoNa hetuvAda aura ahetuvAda kA hai / hetuvAdI kA kathana hai ki hetu-yukti se saba siddha hotA hai, pratyakSAdi se nahIM, kyoMki pratyakSa se dekha lene para bhI yadi vaha hetu kI kasauTI para kharA nahIM utaratA hai to kadApi grAhya nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai--'yuktyAyanna ghaTamupaiti tadahaM dRSTvApi na zraddha / ' ahetu-Agama-vAdI kahatA hai ki Agama se haraeka vastu kA nirNaya hotA hai| yadi Agama se vastu kA nirNaya na mAnA jAye to hameM grahoparAgAdi kA kadApi jJAna nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki usameM hetu kA praveza nahIM hai| sAtavAM saMgharSa daiva aura puruSArtha kA hai| daivavAdI kA mata hai ki saba kucha daiva (bhAgya) se hotA hai / yadi bhAgya meM na ho to kucha bhI nahIM mila sakatA aura prApta bhI naSTa ho jAtA hai|
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________________ syAdvAda siddhAnta eka anuzIlana 315 isake viparIta puruSArthavAdI kA ghoSa hai ki puruSArtha se hI saba kucha hotA hai| binA puruSArtha ke to bhojana kA grAsa bhI muMha meM nahIM jA sakatA / isI prakAra ke anyAnya ekAntika saMgharSa bhI dArzanikoM dvArA prastuta ve apane-apane dRSTikoNoM ko apanI-apanI samarthaka yuktiyoM, pramANoM dvArA parantu dUsare ke dRSTikoNa ko samajhane aura usakA samanvaya karane kA prayAsa nahIM karate haiM / syAdvAda ina ekAntika dRSTikoNoM ko samajhAne kA prayatna karane ke sAtha-sAtha samanvaya kA mArga bhI sujhAtA hai / syAdvAda ne saptabhaMgoM ke mAdhyama se eka aisI abhinava vicAra evaM kathana zailI vyakta kI, jisase sabhI ekAntavAdiyoM kA upasaMhAra karate hue unake kathana kI prAmANikatA kA stara nirdhArita kiyA gayA hai| sarvathA bhAvAtmaka aura sarvathA abhAvAtmaka dRSTikoNa ke sambandha meM syAdvAda apanA dRSTikoNa prastuta karate hue batalAtA hai ki vastu ko kathaMcit bhAvarUpa aura kathaMcit abhAvarUpa mAniye / donoM ko sarvathA, saba prakAra se kevala bhAvAtmaka hI mAnane meM doSa hai / kyoMki kevala bhAvarUpa hI vastu ko mAnane para prAgabhAva, pradhvaMsAbhAva, anyonyAbhAva aura atyantAbhAva ina abhAvoM kA lopa ho jAyegA aura unake lopa hone para vastu kramaza: anAdi, ananta, sarvAtmaka aura svarUpahIna ho jaayegii| isI prakAra vastu ko kevala abhAvarUpa mAnane para bhAva kA lopa jAyegA aura usakA lopa ho jAne se abhAva kA sAdhaka jJAna athavA vacanarUpa pramANa bhI nahIM rahegA / taba kisake dvArA bhAvaikAnta kA nirAkaraNa aura abhAvaikAnta kA samarthana kiyA jA sakegA ? paraspara viruddha hone se donoM ekAntoM kA mAnanA ekAntavAdiyoM ke liye sambhava nahIM hai aura avAcyaikAnta to avAcya hone se hI ayukta hai / ataeva vastu kathaMcitsva dravya kSetra kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se astitva bhAvarUpa hai aura kathaMcit-para dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI apekSA se nAstitva-abhAvarUpa hai| jaise par3A apanI apekSA se astitvarUpa hai aura vastrAdi para padArthoM kI apekSA se nAstitva-abhAvarUpa hai| isa taraha usameM apekSA bheda se donoM vidhi-niSedha dharma vidyamAna haiM / samasta padArthoM kI sthiti isI prakAra kI hai / ataH bhAvavAdI kA bhI kahanA satya hai aura abhAvavAdI kA kathana bhI satya hai parantu zarta yaha hai ki donoM ko apane-apane ekAntAgraha ko chor3akara dUsare kI dRSTi kA Adara karanA cAhiye / , vastu ke eka aura aneka viSayaka saMgharSa kA samAdhAna karate hue syAdvAda kA kathana hai ki vastu (sarva padArtha samUha ) satsAmAnya ( satrUpa) se to eka hai aura dravyAdi ke bheda se aneka rUpa hai| yadi use sarvadhA eka (advaita) mAnI jAye to pratyakSadRSTa kArya-kAraNa bheda lupta ho jAyegA, kyoMki eka hI svayaM utpAda aura utpAdaka donoM nahIM bana sakatA hai| utpAdya aura utpAdaka donoM alaga-alaga hote haiN| isake sivAya sarvathA advaita ko svIkAra karane para puNya-pApa kA dvaita, sukha-duHkha kA dvaita, ihaloka-paraloka kA dvaita vidyA avidyA kA dvaita aura bandha-mokSa kA dvaita Adi nahIM bana sakate / isI prakAra yadi vastu sarvathA aneka hI ho to santAna (paryAyoM aura guNoM meM anusyUta rahane vAlA eka dravya), samudAya, sAdharmya aura pretyabhAva Adi kucha nahIM bana skeNge| ataeva donoM ekAntoM kA samuccaya hI vastu hai / isaliye donoM ekAntavAdiyoM ko apane ekAnta haTha ko tyAga kara dUsare siddha hotI hai aura virodha athavA ke abhiprAya kA Adara karanA caahie| aisI sthiti meM pUrNa vastu anya koI doSa upasthita nahIM hotA / kiye jA sakate haiN| spaSTa bhI karate haiN| sarvathA nitya yA sarvathA anitya vastu ko mAnya karane ke bAre meM syAdvAda yathArthatA upasthita karate hue batalAtA hai ki vastu kathaMcit nitya bhI haiM aura kathaMcit anitya bhI hai| dravya kI apekSA se to vaha nitya aura paryAya kI apekSA se anitya hai / vastu kevala dravya rUpa nahIM hai, kyoMki pariNAmabheda aura buddhibheda pAyA jAtA hai| kevala paryAya rUpa hI nahIM hai, kyoMki yaha vahI hai, jo pahale thA, 1 phra Ya AcArya prava AcArya prava zrI Ajataka Amadana Aja Ama grantha phra
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________________ Pravachandan.. NA ..... AAJanuman.ANANAARLAcadredavedada Kat :-: ran. Eviwww VIPINTEmainst 316 dharma aura darzana naal vai isa prakAra kA abhrAMta pratyabhijJAna-pratyaya hotA hai| yadi vastu sarvathA nitya ho to usameM vikAra (parivartana) nahIM bana sktaa| isake sAtha hI puNya-pApa karma aura unakA pretyabhAvaphala (janma-maraNa, sukha-duHkha Adi) evaM bandha-mokSa Adi kucha nahIM banate / isI taraha yadi vastu sarvathA anitya ho to pratyabhijJAna pratyaya na ho sakane se baddha ko hI mokSa Adi vyavasthA tathA kAraNa se hI kAryotpatti Adi saba asta-vyasta ho jAyegA / jisane hiMsA kA abhiprAya kiyA vaha hiMsA nahIM kara sakegA aura jisane hiMsA kA abhiprAya nahIM kiyA, vaha hiMsA karegA tathA jisane na hisA kA abhiprAya kiyA aura na hiMsA kI vaha karmabandha se yukta hogA tathA usa hiMsA ke pApa se mukta koI dUsarA hogA, kyoMki vastu sarvathA anitya, kSaNika hai| ataeva vastu ko jo dravya-paryAya rUpa hai, dravya kI apekSA se to nitya aura paryAya kI apekSA se anitya donoM rUpa svIkAra karanA caahie| tabhI hiMsA kA abhiprAya vAlA hI hiMsA karatA hai aura vahI hiMsaka, hiMsAphala bhoktA evaM usase mukta hotA hai Adi vyavasthA susaMgata ho jAtI hai| ataH ina nitya, anitya Adi sabhI ekAntavAdI dArzanikoM ko sarvathA ekAnta ke Agraha ko chor3akara dUsare kI dRSTi ko bhI samajhanA aura apanAnA caahiye| isa taraha syAdvAda ne una sabhI upasthita saMgharSoM kA zamana kiyA hai jo samanvaya ke abhAva meM paraspara virodhI banakara viSAkta cintana ke vAtAvaraNa ke nirmANa meM tatpara rahe haiN| syAdvAda kA spaSTa kathana hai ki bhAva-abhAva, ekaaneka, nitya-anitya Adi jo dRSTibheda haiM, ve sarvathA mAnane se duSTa (virodhAdi doSa-yukta) hote haiM aura syAt-kathaMcit (eka apekSA se) mAnane se puSTa hote haiM-vastusvarUpa kA poSaNa karate haiN| ataeva sarvathA niyama ke tyAga aura anya dRSTi kI apekSA rakhane vAle 'syAt' zabda ke prayoga athavA syAt kI mAnyatA ko jainadarzana meM sthAna diyA gayA hai evaM nirapekSa nayoM ko mithyA tathA sApekSa nayoM ko samyak batalAyA gayA hai| AgamoM meM syAdvAda aura bhaMgoM kA rUpa AcArya siddhasena, samantabhadra prabhRti mahAn jaina dArzanika AcAryoM dvArA racita graMthoM ke AdhAra para IsvI san kI cauthI zatAbdI se anekAnta-vyavasthAyuga kA prArambha honA kahA jA sakatA hai| uttaravartI AcAryoM ne isako vizeSa rUpa se pallavita kiyA hai| jAna par3atA hai usa samaya ke jaina AcArya apane siddhAntoM para hone vAle pratipakSiyoM ke prahAroM se satarka ho gaye the aura anekAntavAda ko saptabhaMgI kA tArkika rUpa dekara jaina siddhAntoM kI rakSA ke liye pravRttizIla hone lage the| Aja ke pariSkRta rUpa meM vidyamAna syAdvAda ke bIja prAcIna AgamoM meM vidyamAna haiN| jJAtRdharmakathA aura bhagavatIsUtra meM to anekAntavAda sambandhI vicAra prAyaH dekhane ko milate haiN| vahA~ eka hI vasta ko dravya kI apekSA 'eka', jJAna aura darzana kI apekSA se 'aneka', kisI apekSA se 'asti', kisI apekSA se 'nAsti', aura kisI apekSA se 'avaktavya' kahA gayA hai| AgamoM kI tripadI (utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya), siya atthi, siya Natthi, dravya, guNa, paryAya, naya Adi syAdvAdasUcaka zabdoM kA aneka sthAnoM para ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| Agama graMthoM para racita bhadrabAhu kI niyuktiyoM meM bhI unhIM vicAroM ko vizeSa rUpa se prasphuTita kiyA gayA hai| isake bAda AcArya umAsvAti ke tattvArthAdhigama sUtra aura tattvArtha-bhASya meM anekAntavAda, vizeSakara nayavAda kI vistRta rUpa meM carcA pAI jAtI hai / vahA~ arpita, anarpita nayoM ke bhedoM, upabhedoM kA varNana vistAra se kiyA gayA hai / isa prakAra AgamoM aura tatsambandhI niyuktiyoM Adi meM syAdvAda viSayaka saMketoM kA saMkSepa meM digdarzana karAne ke bAda aba kucha vizeSa kathana prastuta kiyA jAtA hai|
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________________ syAdvAda siddhAnta : eka anuzIlana 317 r pUrva meM yaha saMketa kiyA gayA hai ki vicAra ke sAtha hI darzana kA prArambha huaa| vizva ke svarUpa, usakI utpatti Adi ke bAre meM nAnA prakAra ke prazna aura unakA samAdhAna vividha prakAra se prAcIna kAla se hotA AyA hai| isake sAkSI Rgveda se lekara upaniSad Adi samasta dArzanika sUtra evaM TIkA graMtha Adi haiN| Rgveda meM dIrghatamA tapasvI vizva ke mula kAraNa aura svarUpa kI khoja meM lIna hokara prazna karatA hai ki isa vizva kI utpatti kaise huI, isako kauna jAnatA hai ? aMta meM vaha kahatA hai ki 'eka sad viprA bahudhA vadanti' sat to eka hI hai kintu vidvAna usakA varNana kaI prakAra se karate haiM, arthAt eka hI tattva ke viSaya meM nAnA prakAra ke vicAra, vacanaprayoga dekhe jAte haiN| isa vacanaprayoga meM manuSya-svabhAva kI usa vizeSatA ke darzana hote haiM, jise hama samanvayazIlatA kahate haiN| isI samanvayazIlatA kA zAstrIya rUpa syAdvAda hai| vizva ke kAraNa kI jijJAsA meM se hI aneka virodhI matavAda utpanna hae, jinakA nirdeza upaniSadoM meM huA hai| jisako jaisA sUjha par3A, usane vaisA kahanA zurU kara diyaa| isa prakAra matoM kA eka jAla bana gayA kintu una sabhI matavAdiyoM kA samanvaya syAdvAda dvArA ho jAtA hai| vizva kA mUla kAraNa kyA hai ? vaha sat hai yA asat hai| sat hai to puruSa hai yA puruSatara-- jala, vAyu, agni, AkAza Adi meM se koI eka ? ina praznoM kA uttara upaniSadoM ke RSiyoM ne apanI-apanI bauddhika pratibhA se diyA aura nAnA matavAdoM kI sRSTi khar3I kara dii| kisI ke mata se asat se sat kI utpatti huI / kisI ke mata se sat se asat kI utpatti huI / satkAraNavAdiyoM ne kahA ki asat se sat kI utpatti kaise ho sakatI hai ? sarva-prathama eka advitIya sat hI thA, usI ne socA maiM aneka hoU~ aura kramazaH sRSTi kI utpatti huii| lekina satkAraNavAdiyoM meM bhI mataikya nahIM thaa| kisI ne jala ko, kisI ne vAyu ko, kisI ne agni ko, kisI ne AkAza ko aura kisI ne prANa ko vizva kA mUla kAraNa maanaa| ina sabhI vAdoM kA sAmAnya tatva yaha hai ki vizva ke mUlakAraNa rUpa meM koI AtmA yA puruSa nhiiN| ina sabhI vAdoM ke viruddha anya RSiyoM kA mata hai ki ina jar3atatvoM se sRSTi utpanna nahIM ho sakatI, mUla meM koI cetanatatva kartA honA caahiye| kisI ke mata se prajApati se sRSTi kI utpatti huii| kisI ne AtmA ko mUla kAraNa mAnakara usI meM se strI aura puruSa kI utpatti ke dvArA kramazaH saMpUrNa vizva kI sRSTi maanii| kisI ne AtmA ko utpatti kA kartA nahIM, kintu kAraNamAtra maanaa| kisI ne Izvara ko hI jagatkartA mAnA aura usI ko mUlakAraNa khaa| isa viSaya meM saMkSepa meM yoM kahA jA sakatA hai ki kisI ke mata se asat se sat kI utpatti hotI hai, kisI ke mata se vizva kA mUla tatva sat hai| kisI ke mata se vaha sat jar3a hai aura kisI ke mata se vaha tatva cetana / inake alAvA kinhIM ne kAla, svabhAva, niyati, yadRcchA, bhUta, puruSa, ina sabhI kA saMyoga aura AtmA ina meM se kisI eka ko kAraNa mAnA hai| ina nAnA vAdoM meM se Age calakara AtmavAda kI mukhyarUpa se pratiSThA huI aura upaniSadoM ke RSi aMta meM isI niSkarSa para pahuMce ki vizva kA mUlakAraNa yA parama tatva AtmA hI hai| paramezvara ko bhI jo AtmA kA Adi kAraNa hai, Atmastha dekhane ko kahA hai| upaniSadoM kA brahma aura AtmA bhinna nahIM hai kintu AtmA hI brahma hai, aisA kahA gayA hai| isI Atmatatva, brahma-tatva ko jar3a aura cetana jagata kA upAdAnakaraNa, nimittakaraNa yA adhiSThAna mAnakara dArzanikoM ne kevalAdvaita, viziSTAdvaita, dvaitAdvaita, zuddhAdvaita kA samarthana kiyA hai ___ isake sAtha hI upaniSadakAla meM kucha loga pRthvI Adi mahAbhUtoM se AtmA kA samutthAna SRI RANA SAHARSAMMImaanuarAIMAAnandama nawaranawraisadnamaAASANNIAMS nanRIAAAAAJAJANATAVALIAAAAAAB Res AcAryapravabhiAcAryapravara zrIAnandantha zrIAnanda anya wimmininavaranewmomonianpinirvie
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________________ MARJARALAWAAAAAAAASANAMAAJM awaiinsaanJALASAINSamacARDASJADAKAMALAMERICADAAAMADAMADRASAACASH Mix Futuisg3.315 AcAryapraabhi zrIAnandakantha2zrAAnandA 318 dharma aura darzana aura mahAbhUtoM meM hI laya mAnane vAle bhI the / isakI carcA bhI upaniSadoM meM dekhane ko milatI hai / yaha bhUtavAda tatkAlIna AtmavAda ke pracAra ko prabhAvahIna karane meM samartha nahIM haA aura svayameva niSkriya hokara hataprabha-sA ho gyaa| parantu bhagavAn buddha ne isa upaniSad-kAlIna AtmavAda ke prabhAva ko apane anAtmavAda ke upadeza dvArA maMda kiyaa| jitane vega se AtmavAda kA pracAra huA, utane hI vega se bhagavAn buddha ne isako nirasta karane kA prayatna kiyaa| bhagavAn buddha vibhajyavAdI the| ataH unhoMne rUpa Adi jJAta vastuoM tathA vedanA, saMjJA, saMskAra, vijJAna Adi ko apane tarkoM dvArA eka-eka karake anAtma siddha kiyA / bhagavAn buddha ke anAtmavAda kA yaha tAtparya hai ki unheM zarIrAtmavAda hI nahIM, kintu sarvavyApI, zAzvat AtmavAda bhI amAnya thaa| unake mata meM na to AtmA zarIra se atyanta bhinna hI hai aura na AtmA zarIra se abhinna hI hai / unheM cArvAka-sammata bhautikavAda aura upaniSadoM kA kUTastha AtmavAda bhI ekAnta pratIta hotA thA / zAzvata, kUTastha AtmA marakara punaH janma letI hai aura saMsaraNa karatI hai, aisA mAnane se zAzvatavAda hotA hai| yadi aisA mAnA jAye ki mAtA-pitA ke saMyoga se mahAbhUtoM se AtmA utpanna hotI hai aura isIliye zarIra naSTa hone para AtmA bhI ucchinna, vinaSTa aura lupta ho jAtI hai to yaha ucchedavAda hotA hai / ataeva buddha ne zAzvatavAda aura ucchedavAda donoM ko chor3akara madhyamamArga-azAzvatAnucchedavAda, pratItyasamutpAdavAda kA upadeza diyaa| jaise kyA duHkha svakRta hai, parakRta hai, svaparakRta hai yA asvaparakRta hai ? ina praznoM ke uttara bhagavAn buddha ne 'nahIM' meM diye aura isakA kAraNa spaSTa karate hue kahA ki duHkha svakRta hai, aisA kahane kA artha hotA hai ki jisane kiyA vaha bhoga karatA hai, yaha zAzvatavAda kA avalaMbana huA / yadi parakRta kaheM to aisA kahane kA matalaba hotA hai ki kiyA kisI dUsare ne aura bhoga karatA hai koI anya / aisI sthiti meM ucchedavAda A jAtA hai| ataeva zAzvatavAda aura ucchedavAda ina donoM aMtoM ko chor3akara madhyamamArga ko grahaNa karanA yogya hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki saMsAra meM sukha-duHkha, janma-maraNa, baMdha-mukti Adi saba hote hue bhI inakA koI sthira AdhAra AtmA ho aisA nahIM hai, parantu ye avasthAyeM pUrva-pUrva kAraNa se uttara-uttara kAla meM hotI haiM aura naye kArya ko utpanna kara naSTa ho jAtI haiN| isa prakAra saMsAracakra calatA rahatA hai| pUrva kA sarvathA uccheda bhI iSTa nahIM aura dhrauvya bhI iSTa nahIM / uttara pUrva se sarvathA asaMbaddha ho, yaha bAta bhI nahIM kintu pUrva ke astitva ke kAraNa uttara hotA hai, pUrva kI zakti uttara meM A jAtI hai| uttara pUrva se sarvathA bhinna bhI nahIM aura abhinna bhI nahIM kintu avyAkRta hai, kyoMki bhinna kahane para ucchedavAda hotA hai aura abhinta kahane para zAzvatavAda hotA hai / buddha ko ye donoM vAda mAnya na the / ataeva unhoMne aise praznoM ko avyAkRta kahakara uttara diyaa| isa saMsAracakra ke nAza kA kyA upAya hai ? isa prazna ke uttara meM bhagavAna buddha ne batAyA-pUrva kA nirodha karanA / kAraNa ke nAza hone para kArya utpanna nahIM hogA / jaise avidyA kA nirodha hone para saMskAra kA nirodha, saMskAra kA nirodha hone se vijJAna kA nirodha aura isa prakAra eka se dUsare kA kramazaH nirodha hokara aMta meM janma ke nirodha hone para maraNa kA nirodha ho jAtA hai| __isa sthiti meM maraNAntara tathAgata buddha kA kyA hotA hai ? isa prazna ke uttara meM bhI bhagavAn buddha ne 'avyAkRta hai' aisA kahA hai| vaha isaliye ki maraNottara tathAgata hotA hai to zAzvatavAda kA aura nahIM hotA hai to ucchedavAda kA prasaMga AtA hai| ataeva donoM vAdoM kA niSedha karane ke liye bhagavAna buddha ne tathAgata kI maraNottara dazA ko 'avyAkRta' kahA / jisa rUpa, vedanA Adi ke
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________________ syAdvAda siddhAnta : eka anuzIlana 316 kAraNa tathAgata kI prajJApanA hotI thI ve rUpa Adi to prahINa ho gaye, aba unakI prajJApanA kA koI sAdhana nahIM rahA, ataeva ve avyAkRta haiN| isa prakAra jaise upaniSadoM meM AtmavAda kI parAkASThA ke samaya AtmA yA brahma ko 'netineti' dvArA avaktavya pratipAdita kiyA, use sabhI vizeSaNoM se pare batAyA, ThIka usI prakAra buddha ne bhI AtmA ke viSaya meM upaniSadoM se sarvathA viparIta dRSTi kA anusaraNa kara use 'avyAkRta' mAnA hai| phira bhI jaise upaniSadoM meM parama tatva ko avaktavya mAnate hue bhI aneka prakAra se AtmA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai aura vaha vyavahArika mAnA gayA hai, vaise hI buddha ne bhI kahA hai ki lokasaMjJA, loka-nirukti, loka-vyavahAra, loka-prajJapti kA Azraya lekara kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'maiM pahale thA, nahIM thA, aisA nahIM; maiM bhaviSya meM hoU~gA, nahIM hoU~gA, aisA nahIM; maiM aba haiM, nahIM hU~, aisA nhiiN|' aisI bhASA kA prayoga karate hue bhI buddha usameM kahIM phaMsate nahIM the| tatkAlIna dArzanika-cintana ke kSetra kI sthiti isa prakAra kI thii| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne tatva ke svarUpa ke viSaya meM uThane vAle naye-naye praznoM kA spaSTIkaraNa tatkAlIna anyAnya dArzanikoM ke vicAroM ke prakAza meM kiyaa| yahI unakI dArzanika kSetra meM naI dena hai, jisakA saMketa AgamoM meM yatra-tatra-sarvatra dekhane ko milatA hai / ataeva AgamoM ke AdhAra para aba usa naI dena ke bAre meM vicAra karate haiN| AgamoM ke anusAra bhagavAna mahAvIra ko 'kevalajJAna' hone ke pUrva jina dasa mahAsvapnoM ke darzana hue the, unameM tIsarA svapna 'citra-vicitrapakSayukta puskokila' dekhamA thaa| bhagavatIsUtra meM isakA phala yaha batalAyA gayA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra vicitra aise sva-para siddhAnta ko batalAne vAle dvAdazAMga kA upadeza deNge| yahAM 'vicitra' vizeSaNa se yaha tAtparya liyA gayA mAlUma hotA hai ki unakA upadeza anekaraMgI-anekAntavAdAtmaka hogaa| bhikSa ke bhASAprayoga ke prasaMga meM sUtrakRtAMgasUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki use vibhajyavAda kA upayoga karanA caahie| isa vibhajyavAda kA ThIka se artha samajhane meM jaina TIkA graMthoM ke atirikta bauddhagraMtha sahAyaka ho sakate haiM / buddha ne apane ko vibhajyavAdI batalAyA hai, ekAMzavAdI nahIM, jo majjhimanikAya (sutta 66) meM zubhamANavaka ke praznoM ke uttaroM se pragaTa hotA hai| una uttaroM meM unhoMne tyAgI yA gRhastha kI ArAdhakatA aura anArAdhakatA meM jo apekSA yA kAraNa thA, use batAkara donoM ko ArAdhaka yA anArAdhaka batAyA hai| arthAt prazna kA uttara vibhAga karake diyA hai| ataeva ve apane ko vibhajyavAdI kahate haiM / parantu yahA~ yaha vizeSa dhyAna rakhanA cAhiye ki bhagavAna buddha ne unhIM praznoM kA uttara vibhajyavAda ke AdhAra para diyA, jinakA uttara vibhajyavAda se hI saMbhava thaa| ve kucha praznoM kA uttara dete samaya hI vibhajyavAda kA avalaMbana lete the, sabhI praznoM ke uttaroM meM vibhajyavAdI nahIM the / bhagavAna buddha ke vibhajyavAda kA kSetra sImita thA aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke vibhajyavAda kA kSetra vyApaka hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaina-darzana Age jAkara anekAntavAda meM pariNata ho gayA aura bauddha-darzana kisI aMza meM vibhajyavAdI hote hue bhI ekAntavAda kI ora agrasara huaa| majjhimanikAya sutta 66 se ekAMzavAda aura vibhajyavAda kA paraspara virodha spaSTa sUcita ho jAtA hai aura jaina TIkAkAra vibhajyavAda kA artha syAdvAda arthAt anekAntavAda karate haiM / aisI sthiti meM sUtrakRtAMgagata vibhajyavAda kA artha anekAntavAda, nayavAda, apekSAvAda yA vibhAjana karake kisI tatva ke vivecana kA vAda liyA jAnA ThIka hai| apekSAbheda se syAt zabdAMkita prayoga AgamoM meM dekhe jAte haiN| ekAdhika bhaMgoM kA syAdvAda bhI AgamoM meM milatA hai| ataH AgamakAlIna anekAntavAda yA vibhajyavAda ko syAdvAda kahA jAnA ucita hai| SAMBAJAJALRAanasaIRANJANAGAURAHAvasarawaiiaawazASALANDANAamraemarwAAAAAAAILAama m WWorimrrnManornv
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________________ abhinandana upacArya prava AmAna va Amadana AmAnava Amada zrI Anandana grantha dharma aura darzana bhagavAna mahAvIra kA vibhajyavAda bhagavatIsUtra-gata praznottaroM (7-2-270, 12-2-443, 1-8-72 ) Adi se spaSTa ho jAtA hai| bhagavAna buddha ke vibhajyavAda se tulanA karane ke liye aura bhI sUtra - saMkhyAoM kA saMketa kiyA jA sakatA hai, lekina yahA~ itane hI paryApta haiM / unameM yaha bAta vizeSa rUpa se dhyAna dene yogya hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane vibhavyavAda kA kSetra vyApaka banAyA / unhoMne virodhI dharmoM ko arthAt aneka aMtoM ko eka hI kAla meM aura eka hI vyakti meM apekSAbheda se ghaTAyA hai / isI kAraNa se vibhajyavAda kA artha anekAntavAda yA syAdvAda huA / tiryak sAmAnya kI apekSA se hone vAlI paryAyoM meM virodhI dharmoM ko svIkAra karanA, yaha bhagavAna buddha ke vibhajyavAda kA mUlAdhAra hai, jabaki tiryak aura UrdhvatA donoM prakAra ke sAmAnyoM kI paryAyoM meM virodhI dharmoM ko svIkAra karanA anekAntavAda, svAdvAda kA mUlAdhAra hai| prarUpaNA meM tatkAlIna dArzanikoM meM se bhagavAna buddha ke niSedhAtmaka dRSTikoNa kA mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai / pratIta hotA hai ki bhagavAna buddha ne tatkAlIna vAdoM se alipta rahane ke liye jo dRSTi aMgIkAra kI thI, usI meM anekAntavAda kA bIja E bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dvArA kI gaI anekAntavAda kI Jiu 320 COROTHE hai / jIva, jagat aura Izvara ke nityatva, anityatva Adi ke viSaya ke hone vAle praznoM ko bhagavAna buddha ne avyAkRta (vivecana karane yogya nahIM) batA diyA thA, jaba ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ne unhIM praznoM kA vyAkaraNa (vivecana) apanI painI dRSTi se kiyA arthAt anekAntavAda ke Azraya se unakA samAdhAna kiyA / ina praznoM ke samAdhAna se unako jo dRSTi siddha huI, usI kA sArvatrika vistAra karake unhoMne anekAntavAda ko sarvavastuvyApI banA diyaa| bhagavAna buddha do virodhI vAdoM ko dekhakara una se bacane ke lie apanA tIsarA mArga unakI asvIkRti meM hI sImita karate the jabaki bhagavAna mahAvIra una donoM virodhI vAdoM kA samanvaya karake unakI svIkRti meM apane naye mArgaanekAntavAda, syAdvAda kI sthApanA karate the / bhagavAna buddha ne 'kyA loka zAzvata hai,' 'kyA azAzvata hai' Adi ( majjhimanikAya cUlamAluMkya sutta 63 ) jina praznoM ko avyAkRta kahA hai, unakA (1) loka kI nityatA- anityatA aura sAntatA - nirantatA, (2) jIva zarIra kA bheda - abheda, (3) tathAgata kI maraNottara sthiti asthiti arthAt jIva kI nityatA- anityatA mahAna prazna the| inake bAre meM bhagavAna buddha ke samaya ve vidhAyaka rUpa meM ina bAtoM meM samAveza ho sakatA hai| bhagavAna buddha ne apanA mata dete hue bhI kucha bhI nahIM kahA, kyoMki 'nitya' Adi svIkAra karane meM zAzvata aura 'anitya' Adi svIkAra karane meM ucchedavAda ko svIkAra karanA par3atA thaa| isaliye apane naye vAda kA kucha nAma na dete hue 'donoM bAda ThIka nahIM' aisA kahakara ve raha gaye aura aise praznoM ko avyAkRta batA diyA / bhagavAna buddha ke aisA karane kA kAraNa spaSTa hai| tatkAlIna pracalita vAdoM ke dIpoM kI ora hI unakI dRSTi gii| isIliye unameM se kisI vAda kA anuyAyI honA unhoMne pasaMda nahIM kiyA aura azAzvatAnucchedavAda ko hI svIkAra kiyaa| isa prakAra prakArAntara se unhoMne anekAntavAda kA mArga prazasta kara diyA / guNoM donoM kI mImAMsA kii| bhagavAn buddha ne karA diyaa| isake viparIta bhagavAna mahAvIra ne una vAdoM ke doSoM aura pratyeka vAda kA guNa darzana to usa bAda ke sthApaka ne aura doSa-darzana isa prakAra bhagavAna mahAvIra ke sAmane una vAdoM ke guNa aura doSa donoM A gaye / donoM para madhyastha dRSTi dene para anekAntavAda - syAdvAda svataH siddha ho jAtA hai| unhoMne tatkAlIna vAdoM ke guNa-doSoM kI parIkSA karake jisa vAda meM jitanI sacAI thI, use utanI mAtrA meM svIkAra karake sabhI vAdoM kA samanvaya karane kA prayAsa kiyaa| yahI bhagavAna mahAvIra kA anekAntavAda - syAdvAda siddhAnta hai|
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________________ syAvAda siddhAnta : eka anuzIlana 321 bhagavAn buddha jina praznoM kA uttara vidhi rUpa se nahIM denA cAhate the, unakA uttara dene meM bhagavAna mahAvIra anekAntavAda kA Azraya lekara samartha he| unhoMne pratyeka vAda kI pRSThabhUmi, usakI maryAdA, utthAna hone kI apekSA ko samajhane kA prayatna kiyA aura phalitArtha ko nayavAda ke rUpa meM dArzanikoM ke samakSa rakhA aura yaha nayavAda anekAntavAda-syAdvAda kA mUlAdhAra bana gyaa| bhagavAn buddha dvArA 'avyAkRta' mAne gaye dharma ApekSika haiM aura anekAntavAda dvArA ApekSika dharmoM kA apekSAdRSTi se kathana hotA hai| ataeva bhagavAna buddha dvArA avyAkRta mAne gaye praznoM ke sambandha meM yahA~ saMkSepa meM vivecana kiyA jAtA hai / __bhagavAna buddha ke avyAkRta praznoM meM se prathama cAra loka kI nityatA (zAzvatatA)-anityatA (azAzvatatA) aura sAntatA-anantatA se sambandhita haiN| unameM se loka kI sAntatA aura anantatA ke viSaya meM bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA kiyA gayA spaSTIkaraNa bhagavatIsUtra ke skandaka parivrAjaka ke adhikAra (2-1-6) meM upalabdha hai-loka dravya kI apekSA se sAnta aura paryAyoM kI apekSA ananta hai| kAla kI apekSA se loka ananta aura kSetra kI apekSA sAnta hai| yahA~ mukhyataH sAnta aura ananta zabdoM ko lekara anekAntavAda kI sthApanA kI gaI hai| loka kI zAzvatatA aura azAzvatatA ke bAre meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA anekAntavAdI maMtavya isa prakAra hai ki loka zAzvata bhI hai aura azAzvata bhI hai| trikAla meM aisA eka bhI samaya nahIM, jaba loka kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM na ho, ataeva vaha zAzvata hai| loka azAzvata bhI hai, kyoMki loka sadaiva eka rUpa nahIM rahatA hai| usameM avasarpiNI, utsarpiNI ke kAraNa avanati aura unnati hotI rahatI hai| sarvathA zAzvata meM parivartana nahIM hotA hai, ataeva use azAzvata bhI mAnanA caahie| yahA~ loka kA matalaba hai, jisameM pA~ca astikAya-dharma, adharma, AkAza, jIva, pudgala haiN| bhagavAn buddha ne 'jIva aura zarIra kA bheda hai yA abheda haiN| isa prazna ko avyAkRta mAnA hai / isa viSaya meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne (bhagavatI0 13-7-465) AtmA ko zarIra se abhinna bhI kahA hai aura bhinna bhI kahA hai| ukta kathana para do prazna upasthita hote haiM-yadi zarIra AtmA se abhinna hai to AtmA kI taraha zarIra ko bhI arUpI aura sacetana honA caahie| isake uttara meM kahA hai ki zarIra rUpI bhI hai aura arUpI bhI hai / vaha sacetana bhI hai aura acetana bhI hai| jaba zarIra AtmA se pRthak mAnA jAtA hai, taba vaha rUpI aura acetana hai aura jaba zarIra ko AtmA se abhinna mAnA jAtA hai, taba vaha arUpI aura sacetana hai| bhagavAna buddha ke mata se yadi zarIra ko AtmA se bhinna mAnA jAye, taba brahmacaryavAsa sambhava nahIM aura abhinna mAnA jAye taba bhI brahmacaryavAsa sambhava nahIM, kintu ina donoM kA samAdhAna karate hae bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA ki yadi AtmA ko zarIra se atyanta bhinna mAnA jAye, taba kAya-kRta karmoM kA phala use nahIM milanA caahie| atyanta bheda mAnane para akRtAgama doSa A / jAtA hai aura yadi atyanta abhinna mAnA jAye to zarIra kA dAha ho jAne para AtmA bhI naSTa hogI, jisase paraloka sambhava nahIM rhegaa| isa prakAra kRtapraNAza doSa kI Apatti hogI, parantu ekAnta bheda aura ekAnta abheda mAnane para jo doSa hote haiM, ve ubhayavAda mAnane para nahIM hote| dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki jIva aura zarIra kA bheda isalie mAnanA cAhie ki zarIra kA nAza ho jAne para bhI AtmA dUsare janma meM maujUda rahatI hai yA siddhAvasthA meM azarIrI AtmA bhI hotI hai / abheda isalie mAnanA cAhie ki saMsArAvasthA meM zarIra aura AtmA kA sambandha nIrakSIravat hotA hai| isIlie zarIra se kisI vastu kA sparza hone para AtmA meM saMvedana hotA hai| kAyika karma kA vipAka AtmA meM hotA hai| FACE HEAL bhaO `r`r `r`r `r`r `r``hdh AAAAJRAJAJARi c ewalNORMASAJANIGAMANARAaru-A ApApravana AbhabhApAyapravara abhi zrIAnanda anyazrIAnanda .
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________________ bhAvAryapravara abhinaya zrIAnanda anya zrIAnanda 322 ... twanormation - -- dharma aura darzana mRtyu ke bAda tathAgata hote haiM yA nahIM (jIva kI nityatA-anityatA), isa prazna ko bhagavAna buddha ne avyAkRta koTi meM rakhA hai, kintu bhagavAna mahAvIra ne anekAntavAda kA Azraya lekara kahA ki tathAgata maraNottara bhI haiN| kyoMki jIva dravya naSTa nahIM hotA hai, vaha siddhasvarUpa banatA hai, kintu manuSya, pazu Adi rUpa jo karma-kRta bhAva-paryAya hai, vaha naSTa ho jAtI hai, isalie anitya hai / jIva dravya kA kabhI viccheda nahIM hotA hai, isa dRSTi se jIva nitya hai aura jIva kI manuSya, pazU Adi nAnA avasthAyeM jo spaSTa rUpa se vicchinna hotI huI dikhAI detI haiM, unakI apekSA anitya hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne anekAntavAda ke mAdhyama se jisa prakAra bhagavAna buddha ke avyAkRta praznoM kA samAdhAna kiyA, vaise hI unhoMne dravya-paryAya kA bhedAbheda, jIva-ajIva kI ekatA-anekatA (eka-aneka), paramANu kI nityatA-anityatA, asti-nAsti Adi virodhI yugaloM kA anekAntavAda ke Azraya se samAdhAna kara una-unakI pratiSThA kI hai, jisase uttaravartI dArzanika vikAsa ke yuga meM sAmAnya-vizeSa, dravya aura guNa, dravya aura karma, dravya aura jAti Adi aneka viSayoM meM bhedA-bheda kI carcA huii| isa prakAra dekhate haiM ki bhagavAn buddha ke sabhI avyAkRta praznoM kI vivecanA bhagavAna mahAvIra ne vidhimArga ko svIkAra karake kI aura anekAntavAda ko pratiSThita kiyaa| eka hI vastu meM apekSAbheda se aneka sambhAvita virodhI dharmoM ko ghaTAyA gayA, yahI anekAntavAda kA mUlAdhAra hai / yadyapi bhagavAna buddha ne bhI samanvayazIlatA aura anekAntavAditA kA pradarzana kiyA, parantu yaha sImita hI rhaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne usakA vyApaka kSetra meM prayoga kiyA aura anekAntavAda ke prajJApaka hue| pUrvokta kathana se yaha to spaSTa hai ki anekAntavAda aura vibhajyavAda meM do virodhI dharmoM ko samAna bhAva se svIkAra kiyA gayA hai aura isIliye ve donoM paryAya zabda mAna liye gaye / kisI-na-kisI apekSA-vizeSa se do virodhI dharmoM ko svIkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai, usa bhAva ko sUcita karane ke lie vAkya meM 'syAt' zabda jor3A jAtA hai| isI kAraNa anekAntavAda syAdvAda ke nAma se prasiddha ho gayA / jisa vAkya meM sAkSAt apekSA kA upAdAna ho vahA~ to 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga nahIM bhI kiyA jAtA, kintu jahA~ apekSA kA sAkSAta utpAdana nahIM hai, vahAM syAta zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| aba aitihAsika dRSTi se dekhate haiM ki syAdvAda kA bIja AgamoM meM hai yA nhiiN| prophesara upAdhye ke mata se 'syAdvAda' yaha zabda AgamoM meM hai| unhoMne sUtrakRtAMga sUtra bhAga-1, adhyayana 14, gAthA, 16 meM na yA siyAvAya aMza se isa zabda ko phalita kiyA hai| TIkAkAra ne isa aMza kA 'na cAzIrvAda' aisA saMskRta pratirUpa diyA hai| kintu pro0 upAdhye ke mata se vaha 'na cAsyAdvAda' honA caahie| unakA kahanA hai ki AcArya hemacandra ke prAkRta vyAkaraNa ke anusAra AziSa zabda kA prAkRta rUpa 'AsI' honA cAhie / svayaM hemacandra ne 'AsIyA' aisA dUsarA rUpa diyA hai / AcArya hemacandra ne syAdvAda ke lie prAkRta rUpa 'siyAvAo' diyA hai| yadi isa siyAvAo zabda para dhyAna diyA jAye to ukta gAthA meM asyAdvAda vacana ke prayoga kA hI niSedha mAnanA ThIka hogaa| yadi TIkAkAra ke anusAra AzIrvacana ke prayoga kA niSedha mAnA jAye to kathAnakoM meM jo dharmalAbha rUpa AzIrvAdAtmaka vacana kA prayoga milatA hai, vaha asaMgata hogaa| isa prakAra AgamoM meM 'syAdvAda' isa pUre zabda ke astitva ke bAre meM kisI ko matabheda ho sakatA hai, kintu 'syAt' zabda ke astitva meM matabheda nahIM hai| isalie syAt zabda ke prayoga ke kAraNa jainAgamoM meM syAdvAda kA astitva siddha hI mAnanA caahiye|
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________________ syAdvAda siddhAnta : eka anuzIlana 323 (I bhAga P paraspara virodhI dharmoM ko eka hI dharma meM svIkAra kiyA jAye, isa prakAra kI samanvayAtmaka bhAvanA se anekAntavAda kA janma huaa| kisI bhI viSaya meM prathama asti-vidhi pakSa hotA hai taba koI dUsarA usa pakSa kA nAsti-niSedha pakSa lekara khaMDana karatA hai| ataeva samanvayakartA ke samakSa jaba taka donoM pakSa upasthita na hoM, taba taka samanvaya kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA / isa prakAra anekAntavAda-syAdvAda ke mUla meM 'asti aura nAsti' pakSa kA honA Avazyaka hai| isIlie syAdvAda ke bhaMgoM meM sarvaprathama asti, nAsti ina donoM ko sthAna milanA svAbhAvika hai| yadi bhaMgoM ke sAhityika itihAsa kI ora dhyAna deM to Rgveda ke nAsadIya sUkta meM bhaMgoM kA kucha AbhAsa milatA hai| ukta sUkta ke RSi ke samakSa do mata the| koI jagat ke Adi kAraNa ko sat kahate the aura koI asat / isa prakAra jaba RSi ke samakSa yaha sAmagrI upasthita huI, taba unhoMne kaha diyA ki vaha sat bhI nahIM hai aura asat bhI nahIM hai| unakA yaha niSedhaparaka uttara bhI eka pakSa meM pariNata ho gyaa| isa prakAra sat, asat aura anubhaya (an+ubhaya) ye tIna pakSa to Rgveda jitane prAcIna siddha ho gye| upaniSadoM ke samaya meM jaba AtmA yA brahma ko parama tatva mAnakara vizva ko usI kA prapaMca mAnane kI pravRtti huI taba yaha svAbhAvika thA ki aneka virodhoM kI bhUmi brahma yA AtmA hI bane / pariNAmataH AtmA yA brahma aura brahmarUpa vizva ko RSiyoM ne aneka virodhI dharmoM se alaMkRta kiyaa| parantu jaba una virodhoM ke tArkika samanvaya meM bhI unheM saMtoSa nahIM milA taba use vacanAgocara-avaktavya batAkara anubhavagamya kaha diyaa| yadi isa prakriyA ko dhyAna meM rakhA jAye to 'aNoraNIyAn mahato mahIyAn' (kaThopaniSad), 'sadasadvareNyam' (muNDakopaniSad) Adi upaniSad vAkyoM meM kisI eka hI dharmI meM paraspara virodhI do dharmoM ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| vidhi aura niSedha donoM pakSoM kA vidhi-mukha se samanvaya huA hai| Rgveda ke RSi ne donoM virodhI pakSoM ko asvIkRta karake niSedhamukha ke tIsare anubhaya pakSa ko upasthita kiyA hai aura upaniSadoM ke RSiyoM ne donoM virodhI dharmoM ko svIkRti dvArA ubhayapakSa kA samanvaya kara vidhimukha se cauthe ubhaya bhaMga kA AviSkAra kiyaa| jaba parama tatva ko ina dharmoM kA AdhAra mAnane para bhI virodhoM kI gandha Ane lagI to anta meM unhoMne do mArga grahaNa kiye / jina dharmoM ko dUsare loga svIkAra karate the, unakA niSedha kara denA arthAt Rgveda kI taraha anubhaya (an + ubhaya) pakSa kA avalaMbana lekara uttara de denA ki na vaha sat hai aura na asat hai| yaha prathama mArga huA / jaba isI niSedha ko neti-neti ke carama taka pahuMcAyA, taba usameM se phalita ho gayA ki vaha avaktavya hai| yaha dUsarA mArga huaa| isa carcA kA phalitArtha yaha hai ki jaba do virodhI dharma upasthita hote haiM, taba usake uttara meM tIsarA takSa tIna prakAra se ho sakatA hai-(1) ubhaya virodhI pakSoM ko svIkAra karane vAlA (ubhaya), (2) ubhaya pakSa ko niSedha karane vAlA (anubhaya) aura (3) avaktavya / inameM se tIsare prakAra dUsare prakAra kA vikasita rUpa hai, ataeva anubhaya aura avaktavya ko eka hI bhaMga samajhanA caahie| isa avaktavya aura vastu kI sarvathA avaktavyatA ke pakSa ko vyakta karane vAle avaktavya ke bheda meM yaha dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hai ki prathama ko sApekSa avaktavya aura dUsare ko nirapekSa avaktavya kaha sakate haiM / sApekSa avaktavya arthAt kisI vastu meM do yA adhika dharmoM ko kahane ke liye tadartha zabda kI khoja karate haiM to unake vAcaka bhinna-bhinna zabda to mila jAte haiM kintu una zabdoM ke kramika prayoga se vivakSita sabhI dharmoM kA yugapat bodha nahIM ho pAtA, ataeva use avaktavya kaha dete haiN| nirapekSa avaktavyatA se yaha pratipAdita kiyA jAtA hai ki vastu kA pAra | 1 APURANAJDO GRAMMARVACADAKIRAAJAMATABASAN AARRAJARAMMARDANAMAHA PYAM AcAryapravabhinna jApAna zrIAnanda an zrIAnanda anya wirmwwwnnerman
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________________ www rampramanwwNew 324 dharma aura darzana mArthika rUpa hI aisA hai, jo zabda-grAhya nhiiN| ataeva usakA varNana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA arthAt sApekSa avaktavyatA kA AdhAra vacanaprayoga hai aura nirapekSa avaktavyatA kA AdhAra vastu kA pAramArthika rUpa hai| / syAdvAda ke bhaMgoM meM jo avaktavya bhaMga hai, vaha sApekSa avaktavya hai aura vaktavyatvaavaktavyatva aise do virodhI dharmoM ko lekara jainAcAryoM ne jo svataMtra saptabhaMgoM kI yojanA kI, usakA mUla nirapekSa avaktavya pratIta hotA hai| itanI carcA se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki upaniSadoM ke samaya taka (1) sat (vidhi), (2) asat (niSedha), (3) sadasat (ubhaya), (4) avaktavya (anubhaya) ye cAra pakSa sthira ho cuke the| ina cAra pakSoM kI paraMparA bauddha tripiTaka se bhI siddha hotI hai| bhagavAna buddha ke samayaparyanta eka hI viSaya ke cAra virodhI pakSa upasthita karane kI zailI dArzanikoM meM pracalita thii| tripiTakagata saMjayabelaTThiputra ke mata varNana se bhI yahI siddha hotA hai| yahA~ itanA vizeSa samajhanA hai ki bhagavAna buddha ne praznoM ko avyAkRta isaliye kahA ki ve una praznoM kA 'hAM' yA 'nA' meM uttara nahIM denA cAhate the, jabaki bhagavAn mahAvIra ne asti Adi cAroM pakSoM kA samanvaya karake sabhI pakSoM ko bheda se svIkAra kiyA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke syAdvAda aura saMjaya ke bhaMgajAla meM itanA aMtara hai ki syAdvAda pratyeka bhaMga kA spaSTa rUpa se nayavAda aura apekSAvAda kA samarthana kara nizcaya karatA hai aura saMjaya koI nizcaya nahIM karatA hai aura ajJAnavAda meM kartavya kI itizrI samajhatA hai| jainAgamoM meM bhI kaI padArthoM ke varNana ke liye vidhi, niSedha, ubhaya aura anubhaya ke AdhAra para vikalpa kiye haiN| jaise-(1) AtmArambha, (2) parArambha, (3) tadubhayArambha, (4) anArambha / isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samayaparyanta vidhi Adi anubhaya paryanta ukta cAra pakSa sthira ho cuke the aura saMbhavataH inhIM pakSoM kA bhagavAna mahAvIra ne samanvaya kiyA hogaa| usa sthiti meM syAdavAda ke nimnalikhita maulika bhaMga phalita hote haiM : (1) syAd sat (vidhi), (2) syAd asat (niSedha), (3) syAd sat syAd asat (ubhaya), (4) syAdavaktavya (anubhy)| ina cAra bhaMgoM meM se aMtima bhaMga avaktavya do prakAra se prApta ho sakatA hai-(1) prathama ke do bhaMga rUpa se vAcyatA kA niSedha karake aura (2) prathama ke tInoM bhaMga rUpa se vAcyatA kA niSedha karake / inameM se prathama rUpa kI sthiti Rgveda kAlIna aura dUsare rUpa kI sthiti upaniSad kAlIna pratIta hotI hai / jaina-AgamoM meM syAdvAda ke bhaMgoM meM jo avaktavya ko tIsarA sthAna diyA gayA, vaha itihAsa kI dRSTi se saMgata mAlUma hotA hai| isakA anusaraNa AcArya umAsvAti (tatvArtha bhA. 5-31), siddhasena (sanmati. 1-36) Adi ne kiyA aura avaktavya ko cauthA sthAna dene kA anusaraNa AcArya samantabhadra (Apta mI. kA. 16) Adi ne kiyaa| AcArya kundakunda ne donoM matoM kA anusaraNa kiyA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA vibhinna matavAdoM kA samanvaya kaise kiyA gayA, yaha draSTavya hai| Rgveda se lekara bhagavAna buddha paryanta jo vicAradhArA pravAhita huI, usase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki prathama eka pakSa upasthita huA-sat yA asat kA / usake virodha meM pakSa uThA asat yA sat kA / inakA samanvaya karane ke liye kisI ne kaha diyA ki tattva na sat kahA jA sakatA hai aura na asat kahA jA sakatA hai| vaha avaktavya hai| kisI ne donoM virodhI pakSoM ko milAkara kaha diyA ki vaha sadasat hai| vicAradhArA ke uparyukta pakSa, vipakSa aura samanvaya ye tIna kramika sopAna haiN| |
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________________ syAdvAda siddhAnta : eka anuzIlana 325 parantu samanvaya paryanta A jAne para samanvaya bhI eka pakSa bana gyaa| aura jaba yaha pakSa bana gayA to vipakSa kA bananA bhI sahaja thaa| phira unake bhI samanvaya kI AvazyakatA huii| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaba vastu kI avaktavyatA meM sat aura asat kA samanvaya huA to vaha bhI eka ekAnta pakSa aura usake sAtha hI vipakSa bana gyaa| isa prakAra pakSa-vipakSa-samanvaya kA cakra anivArya thaa| isa cakra ko bhedane kA mArga bhagavAna mahAvIra ne btaayaa| unhoMne samanvaya kA eka nayA mArga batalAyA, jisase samanvaya svayaM Age jAkara eka naye vipakSa ko maukA na de / unake samanvaya kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki vaha samanvaya svataMtra pakSa na hokara sabhI virodhI pakSoM kA yathA-yogya sammelana hai| unhoMne pratyeka pakSa ke balAbala kI ora dRSTi dii| yadi ve kevala daurbalya kI ora dhyAna dekara samanvaya karate to sabhI pakSoM kA sumela hokara bhI ekatra sammelana na hotA aura kisI vipakSa ke utthAna ko avakAza detA / ataeva unhoMne pratyeka pakSa kI sacAI para bhI dhyAna diyA aura sabhI pakSoM ko vastu ke darzana meM yathA-yogya sthAna diyA / jitane bhI abAdhita virodhI pakSa the, una sabhI ko saca batalAte hue prakaTa kiyA ki sampUrNa satya kA darzana to una sabhI virodhoM ko milAne se hI ho sakatA hai, pArasparika nirAsa se nhiiN| isakI pratIti nayavAda ke dvArA karAI / nayavAda kA artha hai ki sabhI pakSa, sabhI mata pUrNa satya ko jAnane ke bhinna-bhinna prakAra haiN| kisI eka prakAra kA itanA prAdhAnya nahIM ki vaha satya ho aura dUsarA na ho| sabhI pakSa apanIapanI dRSTi se satya haiM aura inhIM saba dRSTiyoM ke yathAyogya saMgama se vastu ke svarUpa kA AbhAsa hotA hai / naya sunaya tabhI kahalAte haiM jabaki ve apanI-apanI maryAdA meM raheM aura apane pakSa kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue dUsare pakSa kA mArga avaruddha na kreN| bhagavAna mahAvIra kA samanvaya itanA vyApaka thA ki usameM pUrva sabhI mata apane-apane sthAna para rahakara vastudarzana meM yaMtra ke bhinna-bhinna aMgoM kI taraha sahAyaka hote haiM / phala yaha huA ki unakA vaha samanvaya aMtima hI rahA / aba isa saMpUrNa kathana ke upasaMhAra rUpa meM syAdvAda ke svarUpa kA jaisA ki vaha Agama meM hai, vivecana kiyA jAtA hai| isake liye bhagavatI sUtra kA eka sUtra acchI taraha se mArga-darzaka hai| usakA sAra nIce diyA jAtA hai| gautama kA prazna hai ki ratnaprabhA pRthvI AtmA hai yA anya hai ? uttara meM bhagavAn ne kahA(1) ratnaprabhA pRthvI syAdAtmA hai / (2) ratnaprabhA pRthvI syAdAtmA nahIM hai| (3) ratnaprabhA pRthvI syAdavaktavya hai / arthAt AtmA hai aura AtmA nahIM hai, isa prakAra se ___ vaha vaktavya nahIM hai| ukta tIna bhaMgoM ko sunakara gautama ne pUchA eka hI pRthvI ko Apa itane prakAra se kisa apekSA se kahate haiN| uttara meM bhagavAn ne kahA (1) AtmA 'sva' ke Adeza se AtmA hai| (2) 'para' ke Adeza se AtmA nahIM hai / (3) tadubhaya ke Adeza se avaktavya hai / gautama ne ratnaprabhA pRthvI kI taraha sabhI pRthviyoM, svarga, siddhazilA ke bAre meM pUchA aura vaise hI uttara milA / paramANu pudgala ke prazna ke bAre meM bhI pUrvavat uttara diyA gayA / parantu jaba dvipradezI, tripradezI, catuSpradezI, paMcapradezI, SaTpradezI skandhoM ke bAre meM prazna pUche gae to ADAJARAMNAADIMANANADA Anan dmuAAAAAAAAAAAwaamadanindranadiatAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAARINAARI AcAryapravabhi AcAryapravaAbhI zrIAnandamanthazrAAnandamayantha
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________________ AJAN AAAAAAMAJANAJANADAASARAMANANAGAaranaamaAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA wwwwwwview 326 dharma aura darzana kramazaH chaha, teraha, unnIsa, bAIsa aura teIsa bhaMgoM se unakI apekSA ke kAraNoM ke sAtha uttara diyA gayA / (vizada jAnakArI ke lie bhagavatImUtra--12-10-466 dekhie|) isa sUtra ke adhyayana se isa niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki vidhi rUpa aura niSedha rUpa ina do virodhI dharmoM ko svIkAra karane meM hI syAdvAda ke bhaMgoM kA utthAna hotA hai| do virodhI dharmoM ke AdhAra para vivakSAbheda se zeSa bhaMgoM kI racanA hotI hai| sabhI bhaMgoM ke lie apekSA kAraNa avazya honA caahie| inhIM apekSAoM kI sUcanA ke lie pratyeka bhaMga-vAkya meM 'syAt' aisA pada rakhA jAtA hai / syAdvAda ke bhaMgoM meM se prathama cAra asti, nAsti, asti-nAsti, avaktavya -bhaMgoM kI sAmagrI to bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sAmane thii| unhIM ke AdhAra para prathama cAra bhaMgoM kI yojanA bhagavAna ne kI hai| zeSa bhaMgoM kI yojanA bhagavAna kI apanI hai, aisA pratIta hotA hai| AgamoM meM avaktavya kA tIsarA sthAna hai| __ syAdvAda ke bhaMgoM meM sabhI virodhI dharmayugaloM ko lekara sAta bhaMgoM kI (na kama, na adhika kI) jaina-dArzanikoM dvArA kI gaI yojanA kA kAraNa yaha hai ki bhagavatIsUtra ke Upara saMketa kiye gaye sUtra meM tripradezI aura usase adhika pradezI skandhoM ke bhaMgoM kI saMkhyA meM mUla sAta bhaMga ve hI haiM jo jaina-dArzanikoM ne apane saptabhaMgI ke vivecana meM svIkRta kiye haiN| jo adhika bhaMgasaMkhyA batAI gaI hai, vaha maulika bhaMgoM ke bheda ke kAraNa nahIM kintu ekavacana, bahuvacana ke bheda kI vivakSA ke kAraNa hI hai| yadi vacanabheda-kRta saMkhyAvRddhi ko nikAla diyA jAye to maulika bhaMga sAta hI raha jAte haiN| ataeva vartamAna meM pracalita syAdvAda ke saptabhaMga AgamoM meM kahe gaye saptabhaMgoM ke hI rUpa haiN| sakalAdeza-vikalAdeza kI kalpanA bhI Agamika saptabhaMgoM meM vidyamAna hai| AgamoM ke anusAra prathama tIna sakalAdezI bhaMga haiM aura zeSa vikalAdezI haiN| isa prakAra AgamoM meM syAdvAda aura bhaMgoM kA rUpa dekhane meM AtA hai, jisako uttaravartI AcAryoM ne vividha rUpoM se vyAkhyAna karake jana-sAdhAraNa ke lie sarala banA diyA aura cintanamanana hetu vidvAnoM ko sahI dRSTikoNa kiyaa| syAdvAda aura anekAntavAda yaha pahale saMketa kara cuke haiM ki jainadarzana eka vastu meM ananta dharma mAnatA hai aura una dharmoM meM se vyakti apane icchita dharmoM kA samaya-samaya para kathana karatA hai / vastu meM kathana kiye jA sakane vAle ve sabhI dharma vastu ke andara vidyamAna haiM, lekina aisA nahIM hai ki vyakti apanI icchA se una-una dharmoM kA padArtha para AropaNa karatA hai| vastu ananta yA aneka dharmoM ke kAraNa hI anantadharmAtmaka yA anekAntAtmaka kahI jAtI hai aura anekAntAtmaka vastu kA kathana karane ke lie 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| 'syAt' zabda kA artha hai kathaMcit / kisI eka dRSTi se vastu isa prakAra kI kahI jA sakatI hai aura dUsarI dRSTi se vastu kA kathana dUsare prakAra se ho sakatA hai| yadyapi vastu meM ve saba dharma haiM kintu isa samaya hamArA dRSTikoNa amuka dharma kI ora hai, isalie vastu etadrapa jJAta ho rahI hai| vastu kevala isa rUpa meM hI nahIM hai, vaha anya rUpa meM bhI hai, isa satya ko vyakta karane ke lie syAt zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| syAt zabda ke prayoga se hI hamArA vacana syAdvAda kahalAtA hai / 'syAt' pUrvaka jo 'vAda' kathana hai, vaha syAdvAda hai| isIlie yaha kahA jAtA hai ki anekAntAtmaka artha kA kathana syAdvAda hai| syAdvAda ko anekAntavAda kahane kA kAraNa yaha hai ki syAdvAda se jisa padArtha kA kathana hotA hai vaha anekAntAtmaka hai / anekAnta artha kA kathana syAdvAda hai| 'syAt' yaha avyaya anekAnta mAtA hA
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________________ syAdvAda siddhAnta : eka anuzIlana 327 rurn kA dyotaka hai, isalie syAdvAda ko anekAntavAda kaha sakate haiM / syAdvAda aura anekAntavAda donoM eka hI haiN| syAdvAda meM syAt zabda kI pradhAnatA hai aura anekAntavAda meM anekAnta dharma kI mukhyatA hai| syAt zabda anekAnta kA dyotaka hai| anekAnta ko abhivyakta karane ke lie syAt zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| jaina-dArzanikoM ne apane granthoM meM ina donoM zabdoM kA eka hI artha meM prayoga kiyA hai aura isa prayoga ke pIche jo hetu rahA huA hai, vaha hai vastu kI anekAntAtmakatA / yaha anekAntAtmakatA anekAnta zabda se bhI prakaTa hotI hai aura syAdvAda zabda se bhii| vaise dekhA jAye to syAdvAda zabda kA prayoga adhika prAcIna mAlUma hotA hai, kyoMki AgamoM meM syAt zabda kA prayoga adhika dekhane meM AtA hai| usameM vastu kI aneka rUpatA kA pratipAdana karane ke lie 'siya' (syAt) zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| yadyapi anekAntavAda syAdvAda kA sthUlataH paryAyavAcI zabda kahA jAtA hai, phira bhI donoM meM vaha antara hai ki syAdvAda bhASAdoSa se bacAtA hai aura anekAntavAda cintana ko nirdoSa ghoSita karatA hai / dUsare zabdoM meM yaha kaha sakate haiM ki anekAntavAda pUrvaka syAdvAda hotA hai, kyoMki nirduSTa cintana ke binA doSa-mukta (nirdoSa) bhASA kA prayoga samyak rIti se nahIM ho sakatA / anekAnta vAcya aura syAdvAda vAcaka hai / syAdvAda bhASA kI vaha nirdoSa praNAlI hai, jisake mAdhyama se dUsare ke dRSTikoNa kA samAdara kiyA jAtA hai| syAdvAda-sAhitya kA vikAsa : aitihAsika dRSTi yaha pahale saMketa kiyA jA cukA hai ki syAdvAda mUlaka sAta bhaMgoM ke nAma kundakunda ke paMcAstikAya aura pravacanasAra nAmaka granthoM meM dikhalAI par3ate haiM / vahA~ sAta bhaMgoM ke kevala nAma eka gAthA meM ginA diye gaye haiM / jAna par3atA hai ki isa samaya jaina AcArya apane siddhAntoM para hone vAle pratipakSiyoM ke tarkaprahAra se satarka ho gaye aura isIlie syAdvAda ko tArkika rUpa dekara jaina siddhAntoM kI rakSA ke lie prayatnazIla hone lage the / syAdvAda ko prasphuTita karane vAle jaina AcAryoM meM IsavI san kI cauthI zatAbdI ke apUrva pratibhAzAlI, uccakoTi ke dArzanika vidvAna siddhasena divAkara aura samantabhadra kA nAma sabase mahattvapUrNa hai| ina vidvAnoM ne jaina tarkazAstra para sanmatitarka, nyAyAvatAra, yuktyanuzAsana, AptamImAMsA, Adi svatantra granthoM kI racanA kI haiN| siddhasena aura samantabhadra ne aneka prakAra ke dRSTAntoM aura nayoM ke sApekSa varNana se syAdvAda kA abhUtapUrva DhaMga se pratipAdana kiyA hai tathA anya dArzanikoM kI dRSTiyoM ko anekAntadRSTi ke aMza pratipAdita kara apanI sarva-samanvayAtmaka udAra bhAvanA kA paricaya diyA hai| - isake bAda IsA kI cauthI-pAMcavIM zatAbdI meM mallavAdI aura jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa nAmaka vidvAnoM kA prAdurbhAva huaa| mallavAdI ne anekAntavAda kA pratipAdana karane ke lie nayacakra Adi granthoM kI racanA kI aura jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa ne vizeSAvazyaka bhASya Adi grantha banAye / jinabhadra ne prAyaH siddhasena divAkara kI zailI kA hI anusaraNa kiyA hai|| ina vidvAnoM ke pazcAt IsA kI AThavIM-nauvIM zatAbdI meM akalaMka aura haribhadra ke nAma vizeSa rUpa se ullekhanIya haiN| ina vidvAnoM ne syAdvAda kA nAnA prakAra se UhApohAtmaka, sUkSmAtisUkSma vivecana kara usako sAMgopAMga evaM paripUrNa banAyA / isa samaya pratipakSiyoM dvArA anekAntavAda para aneka prakAra ke prahAra hone lage the| koI anekAnta ko saMzaya kahate, koI kevala chala kA rUpAntara aura isameM virodha, anavasthA Adi doSoM kA pratipAdana kara usakA khaNDana karate the| aise samaya meM akalaMka aura haribhadra ne tatvArtha-rAja-vArtika, siddhavinizcaya, anekAnta nayA ...... Orana,AMAJIRALANRA amadARANAAAAAAAAAAAAAENManahartAJALAIMINAAMGODADARPAN AcAryapravaraaAbhaAcAryapravaAbhAra zrIAnandasanyazrIAnandamayanya 22 Poweeveenwoman-Mancam
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________________ AmAAAAAAAMAAJAARIAJIRAKSHANKARIAAJALMAGraminim umARMAIIANADABAJAJANAMAAJMJADAJABARADASAJANATAJANATANABAJANAS 328 dharma aura darzana jayapatAkA, zAstra vAtAMpamuccaya Adi graMthoM kA nirmANa kara yogyatA pUrvaka ukta doSoM kA nivAraNa kiyA aura anekAntavAda kI jaya-patAkA phhraaii| IsA kI nauvIM zatAbdI meM vidyAnanda aura mANikyanandi suvikhyAta vidvAna ho gaye haiN| vidyAnanda apane samaya ke bar3e bhArI naiyAyika the| inhoMne kumArila bhaTTa Adi vaidika vidvAnoM ke jaina-darzana para honevAle AkSepoM kA bar3I yogyatA se parihAra kiyA hai| vidyAnanda ne tatvArtha-zlokavAtika, aSTasahasrI, AptaparIkSA Adi granthoM kI racanA karake aneka prakAra se tArkika zailI dvArA syAvAda kA pratipAdana aura samarthana kiyA / mANikyanandi ne sarva-prathama jaina nyAya ko parIkSAmukha ke sUtroM meM gaMtha kara apanI alaukika pratibhA kA paricaya diyA aura jaina-nyAya ko samunnata bnaayaa| IsA kI dasavIM-gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM hone vAle prabhAcandra aura abhayadeva mahAn tArkika vidvAna the| ina vidvAnoM ne sanmatitarka TIkA (vAdamahArNava), prameyakamalamArtaNDa, nyAyakumudacaMdrodaya Adi granthoM kI racanA kara jaina nyAyakoSa kI bhI vRddhi kI hai / inhoMne sautrAMtika, vaibhAvika, vijJAnavAda, zUnyavAda, brahmAdvaita zabdAdvaita Adi vAdoM kA samanvaya karake syAvAda kA naiyAyika paddhati se pratipAdana kiyaa| isake pazcAt IsA kI bArahavIM zatAbdI meM vAdidevasUri aura kalikAlasarvajJa hemacandra kA nAma AtA hai / vAdideva vAda-zakti meM asAdhAraNa mAne jAte haiN| vAdideva ne syAdvAda kA spaSTa vivecana karane ke lie pramANanayatattvAlokAlaMkAra, syAdvAda-ratnAkara Adi grantha likhe / hemacaMdra apane samaya ke asAdhAraNa vidvAna the| unhoMne anyayogavyavacchedikA, ayoga-vyavacchedikA, pramANamImAMsA Adi graMthoM kI racanA karake syAdvAda kI siddhi se jaina-darzana ke siddhAntoM ko pallavita kiyaa| IsavI san kI satrahavIM-aThArahavIM zatAbdI meM upAdhyAya yazovijaya jI aura paMDita vimala'dAsa jainadarzana ke vikhyAta vidvAn ho gaye haiN| upAdhyAya jI jaina paramparA meM lokottara pratibhA ke dhAraka evaM asAdhAraNa vidvAn the| inhoMne yoga, sAhitya, prAcIna nyAya Adi kA pAMDitya prApta karane ke sAtha navya-nyAya kA bhI pArAyaNa kiyA thaa| Apane zAstra-vArtA-samuccaya kI syAdvAdakalpalatA TIkA, nayopadeza, naya-rahasya, naya-pradIpa, nyAya khaMDa-khAdya, nyAyAloka, aSTasahasrI-TIkA Adi aneka graMthoM kI racanA kI hai| paMDita vimaladAsa ne navya-nyAya kA anukaraNa karane vAlI bhASA meM saptabhaMgItaraMgiNI nAmaka svataMtra graMtha kI saMkSipta aura sarala bhASA meM racanA karake eka vizeSa kArya kI pUrti kI hai| pUrvokta vidvAnoM ke atirikta anyAnya bhI aneka prabhAvaka vidvAnoM ne syAvAda siddhAnta ke pratipAdaka graMthoM kI racanA kI hai aura jaina-darzana ke rUpa ko vyApaka banAyA hai| pUrvokta parizIlana se yaha bhalIbhAMti samajha meM A jAtA hai ki yadi padArtha ke svabhAva ko samajhanA hai aura jJAna kA sahI mUlyAMkana karanA hai to anekAntamayI syAdvAda dRSTi ko apanAnA cAhiye / kyoMki sAdhAraNa manuSya kI zakti atyalpa hai aura buddhi parimita hai| isaliye hama apanI chamastha dazA meM hajAroM-lAkhoM prayatna karane para bhI brahmANDa ke asaMkhya padArthoM kA jJAna karane meM asamartha rahate haiN| syAdvAda yahI pratipAdana karatA hai ki hamArA jJAna pUrNa satya nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai, vaha padArthoM kI amuka apekSA ko hI lekara hotA hai, isaliye hamArA jJAna ApekSika satya hai / pratyeka padArtha meM ananta dharma hai, ina ananta dharmoM meM se hama eka samaya meM kucha dharmoM kA hI jJAna kara sakate haiM aura dUsaroM ko bhI kucha dharmoM kA pratipAdana kara sakate haiN| syAdvAda kI zailI sahAnubhUtimaya hai isaliye umameM samanvaya kI kSamatA hai| usakI maulikatA yahI hai ki par3osI vAdoM ko udAratA ke sAtha svIkAra karatA hai, lekina unako usI rUpa
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________________ syAdvAda siddhAnta : eka anuzIlana 326 meM nahIM, unake sAtha rahane vAle Agraha ke aMza ko chAMTakara unheM vaha apanA aMga banAtA hai| syAdvAda durAgraha ke liye nahIM, kintu aise Agraha ke liye saMketa karatA hai, jisameM samyak jJAna ke liye avakAza ho| saccA syAdvAdI sahiSNu hotA hai, vaha rAga-dveSa rUpa AtmavikAroM para vijaya pAne ke liye satata prayatnazIla rahatA hai| vaha dUsaroM ke siddhAntoM ko Adara kI dRSTi se dekhatA hai aura madhyasthabhAva se saMpUrNa virodhoM kA samanvaya karatA hai| isIliye SaD-darzanoM ko jinendra bhagavAna ke aMga kahakara parama yogI Anandaghana jI ne 'Anandaghana caubIsI' meM isa bhAva ko nimna prakAra se vyakta kiyA hai 'SaT darasaNa jina aMga bhaNIje, nyAya SaDaMga jo sAdhe re| nami jinavaranA caraNa upAsaka, SaTdarzana ArAdhe re // 1 // jina sura pAdapa pAya bakhANaM, sAMkhya joga doya bhede re| Atama sattA vivaraNa karatA, lahI duga aMga akhede re // 2 // bheda abheda sugata mImAMsaka, jinavara doya kara bhArI re / lokAloka avalaMbana bhajiye, gurugamathI avadhArI re // 3 // lokAyatika kUkha jinavaranI, aMza vicAra jo kIje / tatva vicAra sudhArasa dhArA, gurugama viNa kema pIje // 4 // jaina jinezvara uttama aMga, aMtaraMga bahiraMge re / akSara nyAsa dharA ArAdhaka, ArAdhe dharI saMge re // 5 // . syAdvAda kevala dArzanika cintana, kathana kI praNAlI hI nahIM hai, apitu pratidina jIvanavyavahAra meM bhI hama syAdvAda kA prAyogika rUpa dekhate haiM aura usake kathana ke anurUpa kArya-pravRtti bhI dekhate haiN| phira bhI yaha Aja kI viDaMbanA hai ki syAdvAda-praNAlI kA upayoga karate hue bhI usakI zailI kA nAmollekha nahIM karate haiN| dUsare zabdoM meM yoM kaha sakate haiM ki syAdvAda cintana kI prakriyA ke sAtha-sAtha svastha, svaccha AcAra kI bhI prAthamika bhUmikA hai| syAdvAda ke saMbaMdha meM apanI zakti, kSamatA, buddhi se kiye gaye yatkicit saMketa ko jJAnasAgara ke aMzamAtra kA kathana mAnatA huuN| prayAsa kI saphalatA kA samagra zreya gurujanoM ko hai, aura isameM kucha truTi raha gaI ho to apanI ajJatA ke liye kSamA-prArthI hU~ / vijJajana saMzodhana kara pramAdagata skhalanA se avagata karAveM, jisase parimArjana kara tathya ko samajha sakeM / vijJeSu kimadhikam / RUARKARIN AMJAAAAAAD AAAAAAAAAABEANIJABADASHAIRJARDAMAImaniauranium AIABAmavasa n a AcArasabhAcAryaprasA zrIAnanda athazrIAnandA anya MwwwxYYIWAN