Niryukti Sahitya Ek Punarchintan

Author(s): Sagarmal Jain
Publisher: Z_Shwetambar_Sthanakvasi_Jain_Sabha_Hirak_Jayanti_Granth_012052.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/211277/1

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana jisa prakAra vedoM ke zabdoM kI vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM sarvaprathama nirukta sA artha kisa prasaMga meM upayukta hai, yaha nirNaya karanA Avazyaka hotA likhe gaye, sambhavataH usI prakAra jaina paramparA meM AgamoM kI vyAkhyA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke upadeza ke AdhAra para likhita Agamika granthoM ke lie sarvaprathama niyuktiyA~ likhane kA kArya huaa| jaina AgamoM kI meM kauna se zabda kA kyA artha hai, ise spaSTa karanA hI niyukti kA vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM likhe gaye granthoM meM niyuktiyA~ prAcInatama haiN| Agamika prayojana hai|" dUsare zabdoM meM niyukti jaina paramparA ke pAribhASika zabdoM vyAkhyA sAhitya mukhya rUpa se nima pA~ca rUpa meM vibhakta kiyA jA kA spaSTIkaraNa hai| yahA~ hameM smaraNa rahe ki jaina paramparA meM aneka sakatA hai-1. niyukti 2. bhASya 3. cUrNi 4. saMskRta vRttiyA~ evaM zabda apane vyutpattiparaka artha meM gRhIta na hokara apane pAribhASika TIkAe~ aura 5. TabbA arthAt Agamika zabdoM ko spaSTa karane ke lie artha meM gRhIta haiM, jaise-astikAyoM ke prasaMga meM 'dharma' evaM 'adharma' prAcIna maru-gurjara meM likhA gayA AgamoM kA shbdaarth| inake atirikta zabda, karma siddhAnta ke sandarbha meM prayukta 'karma' zabda athavA syAdvAda samprati Adhunika bhASAoM yathA hindI, gujarAtI evaM aMgrejI meM bhI meM prayukta 'syAt' shbd| AcArAMga meM 'daMsaNa' (darzana) zabda kA jo AgamoM para vyAkhyAe~ likhI jA rahI haiN| artha hai, uttarAdhyayana meM usakA vahI artha nahIM hai| darzanAvaraNa meM darzana suprasiddha jarmana vidvAn zAnTiyara uttarAdhyayanasUtra kI bhUmikA zabda kA jo artha hotA hai vahI artha darzanamoha ke sandarbha meM nahIM hotA meM niyukti kI paribhASA ko spaSTa karate hue likhate haiM ki 'niyuktiyA~ hai| ata: Agama granthoM meM zabda ke prasaMgAnusAra artha kA nirdhAraNa karane mukhya rUpa se kevala viSayasUcI kA kAma karatI haiN| ve sabhI vistArayukta meM niyuktiyoM kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna rahA hai| ghaTanAoM ko saMkSepa meM ullikhita karatI haiN|' niyuktiyoM kI vyAkhyA-zailI kA AdhAra mukhya rUpa se jaina paramparA anuyogadvArasUtra meM niyuktiyoM ke tIna vibhAga kiye gaye haiM- meM pracalita nikSepa-paddhati rahI hai| jaina paramparA meM vAkya ke artha kA 1. nikSepa niyukti- isameM nikSepoM ke AdhAra para pAribhASika nizcaya nayoM ke AdhAra para evaM zabda ke artha kA nizcaya nikSepoM ke zabdoM kA artha spaSTa kiyA jAtA hai| AdhAra para hotA hai| nikSepa cAra haiM-nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhaav| 2. upodghAta niyukti- isameM Agama meM varNita viSaya kA ina cAra nikSepoM ke AdhAra para eka hI zabda ke cAra bhinna artha ho pUrvabhUmikA ke rUpa meM spaSTIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai| sakate haiN| nikSepa-paddhati meM zabda ke sambhAvita vividha arthoM kA ullekha 3. sUtrasparzika niyukti- isameM Agama kI viSaya-vastu kA kara unameM se aprastuta artha kA niSedha karake prastuta artha kA grahaNa ullekha kiyA jAtA hai| kiyA jAtA hai| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM Avazyakaniyukti ke prArambha meM pro. ghATage ne iNDiyana hisTArikala kvArTaralI, khaNDa 12, abhinibodha jJAna ke cAra bhedoM ke ullekha ke pazcAt unake arthoM ko pR0 270 meM niyuktiyoM ko nimna tIna vibhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai- spaSTa karate huye kahA gayA hai ki arthoM (padArthoM) kA grahaNa avagraha 1. zuddha niyuktiyA~- jinameM kAla ke prabhAva se kucha bhI mizraNa hai evaM unake sambandha meM cintana IhA hai| isI prakAra niyuktiyoM meM na huA ho, jaise AcArAMga aura sUtrakRtAMga kI niyuktiyaaN| kisI eka zabda ke paryAyavAcI anya zabdoM kA bhI saMkalana kiyA 2. mizrita kintu vyavacchedya niyuktiyA~- jinameM mUlabhASyoM kA gayA hai, jaise- Abhinibodhika zabda ke paryAya haiM- IhA, apoha, saMmizraNa ho gayA hai, tathApi ve vyavacchedya haiM, jaise dazavaikAlika aura vimarza, mArgaNA, gaveSaNA, saMjJA, smRti, mati evaM prjnyaa| niyuktiyoM AvazyakasUtra kI niyuktiyaaN| kI vizeSatA yaha hai ki jahA~ eka ora ve AgamoM ke mahattvapUrNa pAribhASika 3. bhASya mizrita-niyuktiyA~-ve niyuktiyA~ jo Ajakala bhASya zabdoM ke arthoM ko spaSTa karatI haiM, vahIM AgamoM ke vibhinna adhyayanoM yA bRhadbhASya meM hI samAhita ho gayI haiM aura una donoM ko pRthak- aura uddezakoM kA saMkSipta vivaraNa bhI detI haiN| yadyapi isa prakAra kI pRthak karanA kaThina hai jaise nizItha Adi kI niyuktiyaaN| pravRtti sabhI niyuktiyoM meM nahIM hai, phira bhI unameM AgamoM ke pAribhASika niyuktiyA~ vastuta: Agamika paribhASika zabdoM evaM Agamika zabdoM ke artha kA tathA unakI viSaya-vastu kA ati saMkSipta paricaya viSayoM ke artha ko sunizcita karane kA eka prayatna haiN| phira bhI niyuktiyA~ prApta ho jAtA hai| ati saMkSipta haiM, inameM mAtra Agamika zabdoM evaM viSayoM ke artha-saMketa hI haiM, jinheM bhASya aura TIkAoM ke mAdhyama se hI samyaka prakAra se pramukha niyuktiyA~ samajhA jA sakatA hai| jaina AgamoM kI vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM jina niyuktiyoM Avazyakaniyukti meM lekhaka ne jina dasa niyuktiyoM ke likhane kA praNayana huA, ve mukhyata: prAkRta gAthAoM meM haiN| Avazyakaniyukti kI pratijJA kI thI, ve nimna haiMmeM niyukti zabda kA artha aura niyuktiyoM ke likhane kA prayojana batAte 1. Avazyakaniyukti hue kahA gayA hai-"eka zabda ke aneka artha hote haiM, ata: kauna 2. dazavaikAlikaniyukti pravRtti sama

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grantha nahIM hai| inameM se piNDaniyamAnayukti ko bhI samAti niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana 47 3. uttarAdhyayananiyukti piNDaniyukti, oghaniyukti evaM ArAdhanAniyukti ko bhI samAviSTa kiyA 4. AcArAMganiyukti jAtA hai, kintu inameM se piNDaniyukti aura oghaniyukti koI svatantra 5. sUtrakRtAMganiyukti grantha nahIM hai| piNDaniyukti dazavaikAlikaniyukti kA eka bhAga hai aura 6. dazAzrutaskaMdhaniyukti oghaniyukti bhI Avazyakaniyukti kA eka aMza hai| ata: ina donoM 7. bRhatkalpaniyukti ko svatantra niyukti grantha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| yadyapi vartamAna meM 8. vyavahAraniyukti ye donoM niyuktiyA~ apane mUla grantha se alaga hokara svatantra rUpa meM 9. sUrya prajJaptiniyukti hI upalabdha hotI haiN| AcArya malayagiri ne piNDaniyukti ko 10. RSibhASitaniyukti dazavaikAlikaniyukti kA hI eka vibhAga mAnA hai, unake anusAra vartamAna meM uparyukta dasa meM se ATha hI niyuktiyA~ upalabdha haiM, dazavaikAlika ke piNDaiSaNA nAmaka pA~caveM adhyayana para vizada niyukti antima do anupalabdha haiN| Aja yaha nizcaya kara pAnA ati kaThina hone se usako vahA~ se pRthak karake piNDaniyukti ke nAma se eka hai ki ye antima do niyuktiyA~ likhI bhI gayI yA nahIM? kyoMki svatantra grantha banA diyA gyaa| malayagiri spaSTa rUpa se kahate haiM ki hameM kahIM bhI aisA koI nirdeza upalabdha nahIM hotA, jisake AdhAra jahA~ dazavaikAlika niyukti meM lekhaka ne namaskArapUrvaka prArambha kiyA, para hama yaha kaha sakeM ki kisI kAla meM ye niyuktiyA~ rahIM aura bAda vahIM piNDaniyukti meM aisA nahIM hai, ata: piNDaniyukti svatantra grantha meM vilupta ho gyiiN| yadyapi maiMne apanI RSibhASita kI bhUmikA meM nahIM hai| dazavaikAlikaniyukti tathA Avazyakaniyukti se inheM bahuta pahale yaha sambhAvanA vyakta kI hai ki vartamAna 'isImaNDalatyu' sambhavataH hI alaga kara diyA gayA thaa| jahA~ taka ArAdhanAniyukti kA prazna hai, RSibhASitaniyukti kA paravartita rUpa ho, kintu isa sambandha meM zvetAmbara sAhitya meM to kahIM bhI isakA ullekha nahIM hai| pro0 e0 nirNayAtmaka rUpa se kucha bhI kahanA kaThina hai| ina donoM niyuktiyoM ena0 upAdhye ne bRhatkathAkoza kI apanI prastAvanA (pR031) meM ke sandarbha meM hamAre sAmane tIna vikalpa ho sakate haiM mUlAcAra kI eka gAthA para vasunandI kI TIkA ke AdhAra para isI 1. sarvaprathama yadi hama yaha mAneM ki ina dasoM niyuktiyoM ke lekhaka niyukti kA ullekha kiyA hai, kintu ArAdhanAniyukti kI unakI yaha eka hI vyakti haiM aura unhoMne ina niyuktiyoM kI racanA usI krama meM kalpanA yathArtha nahIM hai| mUlAcAra ke TIkAkAra vasunandI svayaM evaM pro0 kI hai, jisa krama se inakA ullekha Avazyaka niyukti meM hai, to e0 ena0 upAdhye jI mUlAcAra kI usa gAthA ke artha ko samyak aisI sthiti meM yaha sambhava hai ki ve apane jIvana-kAla meM ATha niyuktiyoM prakAra se samajha nahIM pAye haiN| kI hI racanA kara pAyeM hoM tathA antima do kI racanA nahIM kara vaha gAthA nimnAnusAra haipAyeM hoN| "ArAhaNa Nijjutti maraNavibhattI ya sNghtyudio| 2. dUsare yaha bhI sambhava hai ki granthoM ke mahattva ko dhyAna meM paccakkhANAvasaya dhammakahAo ya eriso|" rakhate hue prathama to lekhaka ne yaha pratijJA kara lI ho ki vaha dasoM (mUlAcAra, paMcAcArAdhikAra, 279) Agama granthoM para niyukti likhegA, kintu jaba usane ina donoM Agama arthAt ArAdhanA, niyukti, maraNavibhakti, saMgrahaNIsUtra, stuti granthoM kA adhyayana kara yaha dekhA ki sUrya prajJapti meM jaina-AcAra maryAdAoM (vIrastuti), pratyAkhyAna (mahApratyAkhyAna, AturapratyAkhyAna), AvazyakasUtra, ke pratikUla kucha ullekha haiM aura RSibhASita meM nArada, maMkhaligozAla dharmakathA tathA aise anya granthoM kA adhyayana asvAdhyAya kAla meM kiyA Adi una vyaktiyoM ke upadeza saMkalita haiM jo jaina paramparA ke lie jA sakatA hai| vastuta: mUlAcAra kI isa gAthA ke anusAra ArAdhanA vivAdAspada haiM, to usane ina para niyukti likhane kA vicAra sthagita evaM niyukti ye alaga-alaga svatantra grantha haiN| isameM ArAdhanA se tAtparya kara diyA ho| ArAdhanA nAmaka prakIrNaka athavA bhagavatI ArAdhanA se tathA niyukti 3. tIsarI sambhAvanA yaha bhI hai ki unhoMne ina donoM granthoM para se tAtparya Avazyaka Adi sabhI niyuktiyoM se hai| niyuktiyA~ likhI hoM kintu inameM bhI vivAdita viSayoM kA ullekha hone ata: ArAdhanAniyukti nAmaka niyukti kI kalpanA ayathArtha hai| se ina niyuktiyoM ko paThana-pAThana se bAhara rakhA gayA ho aura phalataH isa niyukti ke astitva kI koI sUcanA anyatra bhI nahIM milatI hai apanI upekSA ke kAraNa kAlakrama meM ve vilupta ho gayI hoN| yadyapi aura na yaha grantha hI upalabdha hotA hai| ina dasa niyuktiyoM ke atirikta yahA~ eka zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki yadi jaina AcAryoM ne vivAdita hote Arya govinda kI govindaniyukti kA bhI ullekha milatA hai, kintu hue bhI ina donoM granthoM ko saMrakSita karake rakhA, to unhoMne inakI yaha bhI niyukti vartamAna meM anupalabdha hai| inakA ullekha nandIsUtra', niyuktiyoM ko saMrakSita karake kyoM nahIM rakhA? vyavahArabhASya', AvazyakacUrNi", evaM nizIthacUrNi11 meM milatA hai| 4. eka anya vikalpa yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki jisa prakAra isa niyukti kI viSaya-vastu mukhya rUpa se ekendriya arthAt pRthvI, darzanaprabhAvaka grantha ke rUpa meM mAnya govindaniyukti vilupta ho gaI pAnI, agni, vAyu, vanaspati Adi meM jIvana kI siddhi karanA thaa| hai, usI prakAra ye niyuktiyA~ bhI vilupta ho gaI hoN| ise govinda nAmaka AcArya ne banAyA thA aura unake nAma ke AdhAra - niyukti sAhitya meM uparyukta dasa niyuktiyoM ke atirikta para hI isakA nAmakaraNa huA hai| kathAnakoM ke anusAra ye bauddha paramparA

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48 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 se Akara jaina paramparA meM dIkSita hue the| merI dRSTi meM yaha niyukti 3. Avazyakaniyukti ke bAda dazavaikAlikaniyukti aura phira AcArAMga ke prathama adhyayana aura dazavaikAlika ke caturtha SaD- uttarAdhyayananiyukti kI racanA huI, yaha to pUrva carcA se siddha ho cukA jIvanikAya nAmaka adhyayana se sambandhita rahI hogI aura isakA uddezya hai| ina tInoM niyuktiyoM kI racanA ke pazcAt AcArAMganiyukti kI racanA bauddhoM ke viruddha pRthvI, pAnI Adi meM jIvana kI siddhi karanA rahA huI hai, kyoMki AcArAMganiyukti kI gAthA 5 meM kahA gayA hai- 'AyAre hogaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki isakI gaNanA darzana prabhAvaka grantha meM kI aMgammi ya puvbuddiTThA caukkayaM nikkhevo'-AcAra aura aMga ke nikSepoM gayI hai| saMjJI-zruta ke sandarbha meM isakA ullekha bhI yahI batAtA hai|12 kA vivecana pahale ho cukA hai|22 dazavaikAlikaniyukti meM dazavaikAlikasUtra isI prakAra saMsaktaniyukti'3 nAmaka eka aura niyukti kA ullekha ke kSullakAcAra adhyayana kI niyukti (gAthA 79-88) meM 'AcAra' milatA hai| isameM 84 AgamoM ke sambandha meM ullekha hai| isameM mAtra zabda ke artha kA vivecana tathA uttarAdhyayananiyukti meM uttarAdhyayanasUtra 94 gAthAe~ haiN| 84 AgamoM kA ullekha hone se vidvAnoM ne ise paryApta ke tRtIya 'caturaMga' adhyayana kI niyukti karate hue gAthA 143-144 paravartI evaM visaMgata racanA mAnA hai| ata: ise prAcIna niyukti sAhitya meM 'aMga' zabda kA vivecana kiyA hai| 23 ataH yaha siddha hotA hai ki meM parigaNita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa prakAra vartamAna niyuktiyA~ Avazyaka, dazavaikAlika evaM uttarAdhyayana ke pazcAt hI AcArAMganiyukti dasa niyuktiyoM meM samAhita ho jAtI haiN| inake atirikta anya kisI kA krama hai| niyukti nAmaka grantha kI jAnakArI hameM nahIM hai| isI prakAra AcArAMga kI caturtha vimukticUlikA kI niyukti meM 'vimukti' zabda kI niyukti karate hue gAthA 331 meM likhA hai ki dasa niyuktiyoM kA racanAkrama 'mokSa' zabda kI niyukti ke anusAra hI 'vimukti' zabda kI niyukti yadyapi dasoM niyuktiyA~ eka hI vyakti kI racanAyeM haiM, phira bhI bhI samajhanA caahie|24 cU~ki uttarAdhyayana ke aTThAIsaveM adhyayana kI inakI racanA eka krama meM huI hogii| Avazyakaniyukti meM jisa krama niyukti (gAthA 497-98) meM mokSa zabda kI niyukti kI jA cukI se ina dasa niyuktiyoM kA nAmollekha hai|4 usI krama se unakI racanA thii|25 ata: isase yahI siddha huA ki AcArAMganiyukti kA krama huI hogI, vidvAnoM ke isa kathana kI puSTi nimra pramANoM se hotI hai- uttarAdhyayana ke pazcAt hai| Avazyakaniyukti, dazavaikAlikaniyukti, 1. Avazyakaniyukti kI racanA sarvaprathama huI hai, yaha tathya svata: uttarAdhyayananiyukti evaM AcArAMganiyukti ke pazcAt sUtrakatAMganiyukti siddha hai, kyoMki isI niyukti meM sarvaprathama dasa niyuktiyoM kI racanA kA krama AtA hai| isa tathya kI puSTi isa AdhAra para bhI hotI hai karane kI pratijJA kI gayI hai aura usameM bhI Avazyaka kA nAmollekha ki sUtrakRtAMganiyukti kI gAthA 99 meM yaha ullikhita hai ki 'dharma' sarvaprathama huA hai| 15 punaH Avazyakaniyukti se nihnavavAda se sambandhita zabda ke nikSepoM kA vivecana pUrva meM ho cukA hai (dhammo puvuddittttho)|26 sabhI gAthAeM (gAthA 778 se 784 taka) 6 uttarAdhyayananiyukti (gAthA dazavaikAlikaniyukti meM dazavaikAlikasUtra kI prathama gAthA kA vivecana 164 se 178 taka) meM lI gayI hai| isase bhI yahI siddha hotA karate samaya 'dharma' zabda ke nikSepoM kA vivecana huA hai| isase yaha hai ki Avazyakaniyukti ke bAda hI uttarAdhyayananiyukti Adi anya siddha hotA hai ki sUtrakRtAMganiyukti, dazavaikAlikaniyukti, ke bAda niyuktiyoM kI racanA huI hai| Avazyakaniyukti ke bAda sabase pahale nirmita huI hai| isI prakAra sUtrakRtAMganiyukti kI gAthA 127 meM kahA dazavaikAlikaniyukti kI racanA huI hai aura usake bAda pratijJAgAthA hai 'gNthopubuddittttho'|28 hama dekhate haiM ki uttarAdhyayananiyukti gAthA ke kramAnusAra anya niyuktiyoM kI racanA kI gii| isa kathana kI puSTi 267-268 meM grantha zabda ke nikSepoM kA bhI kathana huA hai| 29 isase Age diye gaye uttarAdhyayananiyukti ke sandarbho se hotI hai| sUtrakRtAMga niyukti bhI dazavaikAlikaniyukti evaM uttarAdhyayananiyukti se 2. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 29 meM 'vinaya' kI vyAkhyA karate paravartI hI siddha hotI hai| hue yaha kahA gayA hai 'viNao puvbuddiTThA' arthAt vinaya ke sambandha 4. uparyukta pA~ca niyuktiyoM ke yathAkrama se nirmita hone ke pazcAt meM hama pahale kaha cuke haiN| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki uttarAdhyayananiyukti hI tIna cheda sUtroM yathA-dazAzrutaskaMdha, bRhatkalpa evaM vyavahAra sUtra kI racanA se pUrva kisI aisI niyukti kI racanA ho cukI thI, jisameM para niyuktiyA~ bhI unake ullekha krama se hI likhI gayIM haiM, kyoMki vinaya sambandhI vivecana thaa| yaha bAta dazavaikAlikaniyukti ko dekhane dazAzrutaskaMdhaniyukti ke prArambha meM hI prAcInagotrIya sakala zruta ke jJAtA se spaSTa ho jAtI hai, kyoMki dazavaikAlikaniyukti meM vinaya samAdhi aura dazAzrutaskaMdha, bRhatkalpa evaM vyavahAra ke racayitA bhadrabAhu ko nAmaka naveM adhyayana kI niyukti (gAthA 309 se 326 taka) meM 'vinaya' namaskAra kiyA gayA hai| isameM bhI ina tInoM granthoM kA ullekha usI zabda kI vyAkhyA hai| isI prakAra uttarAdhyayananiyukti (gAthA 207) krama se hai jisa krama se niyukti lekhana kI pratijJA meM hai| ata: meM 'kAmApuvuddiTThA' kahakara yaha sUcita kiyA gayA hai ki kAma ke yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki ina tInoM granthoM kI niyuktiyA~ isI krama viSaya meM pahale vivecana kiyA jA cukA hai|20 yaha vivecana bhI hameM ___ meM likhI gayI hogii| uparyukta ATha niyuktiyoM kI racanA ke pazcAt dazavaikAlikaniyukti kI gAthA 161 se 163 taka meM mila jAtA hI sUryaprajJapti evaM isibhAsiyAiM kI niyukti kI racanA honI thii| ina hai|25 uparyukta donoM sUcanAoM ke AdhAra para yaha bAta siddha hotI hai donoM granthoM para niyuktiyA~ likhI bhI gayIM yA nahIM, Aja yaha nirNaya ki uttarAdhyayananiyukti, dazavaikAlikaniyukti ke bAda hI likhI gyii| karanA atyanta kaThina hai, kyoMki pUrvokta pratijJA gAthA ke atirikta

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana 49 hameM ina niyuktiyoM ke sandarbha meM kahIM bhI koI bhI sUcanA nahIM milatI vizeSAvazyaka-maladhArihemacandrasUrikRta TIkA-patra 1. hai| ata: ina niyuktiyoM kI racanA honA saMdigdha hI hai| yA to ina 5. "sAdhUnAmanugrahAya caturdazapUrvadhareNa bhagavatA bhadrabAhusvAminA kalpasUtraM niyuktiyoM ke lekhana kA krama Ane se pUrva hI niyuktikAra kA svargavAsa vyavahArasUtraM cAkAri, ubhayorapi ca sUtrasparzikA niyuktiH|" ho cukA hogA yA phira ina donoM granthoM meM kucha vivAdita prasaMgoM kA bRhatkalpapIThikA malayagirikRta TIkA-patra 2. ullekha hone se niyuktikAra ne inakI racanA karane kA nirNaya hI sthagita 6. "iha zrImadAvazyakAdisiddhAntapratibaddhaniyuktizAstrasaMsUtraNasUtradhAraH.... kara diyA hogaa| zrIbhadrabAhusvAmI....kalpanAmadheyamadhyayanaM niyuktiyuktaM nirmuuddhvaan|" ata: sambhAvanA yahI hai ki ye donoM niyuktiyA~ likhI hI nahIM bRhatkalpapIThikA zrIkSemakIrtisUrianusandhitA TIkA-patra 177 / gaIM, cAhe inake nahIM likhe jAne ke kAraNa kucha bhI rahe hoN| pratijJA ina samasta sandarbho ko dekhane se spaSTa hotA hai ki zrutakevalI gAthA ke atirikta sUtrakRtAMganiyukti, gAthA 189 meM RSibhASita kA caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu prathama ko niyuktiyoM ke kartA ke rUpa meM mAnya nAma avazya AyA hai| vahA~ yaha kahA gayA hai ki jisa-jisa siddhAnta karane vAlA prAcInatama sandarbha AryazIlAMka kA hai| AryazIlAMka kA yA mata meM jisa kisI artha kA nizcaya karanA hotA hai usameM pUrva kahA samaya lagabhaga vikrama saMvat kI 9 vIM-10vIM sadI mAnA jAtA hai| gayA artha hI mAnya hotA hai, jaise ki-RSibhASita meN| kintu yaha jina anya AcAryoM ne niyuktikAra ke rUpa meM bhadrabAhu prathama ko mAnA ullekha RSibhASita mUla grantha ke sambandha meM hI sUcanA detA hai na hai, unameM AryadroNa, maladhAri hemacandra, malayagiri, zAntisUri tathA ki usakI niyukti ke sambandha meN| kSemakIrti sUri ke nAma pramukha haiM, kintu ye sabhI AcArya vikrama kI dasavIM sadI ke pazcAta hue haiN| ata: inakA kathana bahuta adhika prAmANika niyukti ke lekhaka aura racanA-kAla nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| unhoMne jo kucha bhI likhA hai, vaha mAtra anuzrutiyoM niyuktiyoM ke lekhaka kauna haiM aura unakA racanA kAla kyA hai ke AdhAra para likhA hai| durbhAgya se 8-9vIM sadI ke pazcAt caturdaza ye donoM prazna eka-dUsare se jur3e hue haiN| ata: hama una para alaga-alaga pUrvadhara zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu aura varAhamihira ke bhAI naimittika bhadrabAhu vicAra na karake eka sAtha hI vicAra kreNge| ke kathAnaka, nAmasAmya ke kAraNa eka-dUsare meM ghula-mila gaye aura paramparAgata rUpa se antima zrutakevalI, caturdazapUrvadhara tathA dUsare bhadrabAhu kI racanAyeM bhI prathama ke nAma car3hA dI giiN| yahI kAraNa chedasUtroM ke racayitA AryabhadrabAhu prathama ko hI niyuktiyoM kA kartA rahA ki naimittika bhadrabAhu ko bhI prAcInagotrIya zrutakevalI caturdaza mAnA jAtA hai| muni zrI puNyavijaya jI ne atyanta parizrama dvArA zrutakevalI pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu ke sAtha jor3a diyA gayA hai aura donoM ke jIvana kI bhadrabAhu ko niyuktiyoM ke kartA ke rUpa meM svIkAra karane vAle nimna ghaTanAoM ke isa ghAla-mela se aneka anuzrutiyA~ pracalita ho giiN| sAkSyoM ko saMkalita karake prastuta kiyA hai| jinheM hama yahA~ avikala inhIM anuzrutiyoM ke pariNAmasvarUpa niyukti ke kartA ke rUpa meM caturdaza rUpa se de rahe haiN| pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu kI anuzruti pracalita ho gyii| yadyapi muni zrI puNyavijaya 1. "anuyogadAyinaH - sudharmasvAmiprabhRtayaH yAvadasya bhagavato jI ne bRhatkalpasUtra (niyukti, laghubhASya-vRttyupetam) ke SaSTha vibhAga niyuktikArasya bhadrabAhusvAminazcaturdazapUrvadharasyAcAryo'tastAn ke Amukha meM yaha likhA hai ki niyuktikAra sthavira Arya bhadrabAhu haiM, srvaaniti||" isa mAnyatA ko puSTa karane vAlA eka pramANa jinabhadragaNi kSamAzramaNa - AcArAMgasUtra, zIlAGkAcAryakRta TIkA-patra 4. ke vizeSAvazyakabhASya kI svopajJa TIkA meM bhI milatA hai|33 yadyapi 2. "na ca keSAMcidihodAharaNAnAM niyuktikAlAdarvAkkAlAbhAvitA unhoMne vahA~ usa pramANa kA sandarbha sahita ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| maiM ityanyoktatvamAzaGkanIyam, sa hi bhagavA~zcaturdazapUrvavit zrutakevalI isa sandarbha ko khojane kA prayatna kara rahA hU~, kintu usake mila jAne kAlatrayaviSayaM vastu pazyatyeveti kathamanyakRtatvAzaGkA? iti|" / para bhI hama kevala itanA hI kaha sakeMge ki vikrama kI lagabhaga sAtavIM uttarAdhyayanasUtra zAntisUrikRtA pAiyaTIkA-patra 139. zatI se niyuktikAra prAcInagotrIya caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu haiM, aisI 3. "guNAdhikasya vandanaM karttavyaM na tvadhamasya, yata uktam - anuzruti pracalita ho gayI thii| "guNAhie vNdnnyN"| bhadrabAhusvAminazcaturdazapUrvadharatvAd niyuktikAra prAcInagotrIya caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu haiM athavA dazapUrvadharAdInAM ca nyUnatvAt kiM teSAM namaskAramasau karoti? iti| naimittika (varAhamihira ke bhAI) bhadrabAhu haiM, ye donoM hI prazna vivAdAspada atrocyate- guNAdhikA eva te, avyavacchittiguNAdhikyAt, ato haiN| jaisA ki hamane saMketa kiyA hai niyuktiyoM ko prAcInagotrIya caturdaza na doSa iti|" oghaniyukti droNAcAryakRta, TIkA-patra 3. pUrvadhara Arya bhadrabAhu kI mAnane kI paramparA AryazIlAMka se yA usake 4. "iha caraNakaraNakriyAkalApatarumUlakalpaM sAmAyikAdiSaDadhyayanAtmaka- pUrva jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNa se prArambha huI hai| kintu unake ina ullekhoM zrutaskandharUpamAvazyakatAvadarthatastIrthakaraiH sUtratastu gnndhrairvircitm| meM kitanI prAmANikatA hai yaha vicAraNIya hai, kyoMki niyuktiyoM meM asya cAtIva gambhIrArthatAM sakalasAdhu-zrAvakavargasya nityopayogitAM hI aise aneka pramANa upasthita haiM, jinase niyuktikAra pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu ca vijJAya caturdazapUrvadhareNa zrImadbhadrabAhunaitadvyAkhyAnarUpA' haiM, isa mAnyatA meM bAdhA utpanna hotI hai| isa sambandha meM munizrI AbhiNibohiyanANaM." ityAdiprasiddhagrantharUpA niyuktiH kRtaa|" puNyavijaya jI ne atyanta parizrama dvArA ve saba sandarbha prastuta kiye

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50 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 haiM, jo niyuktikAra pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu haiM, isa mAnyatA ke virodha meM jAte AThaveM boTika mata kI utpatti kA ullekha huA hai| antima sAtavA~ haiN| hama unakI sthApanAoM ke hArda ko hI hindI bhASA meM rUpAntarita nihnava vIranirvANa saMvat 584 meM tathA boTika mata kI utpatti vIranirvANa kara nimna paMktiyoM meM prastuta kara rahe haiM saMvat 609 meM huii| ye ghaTanAeM caturdazapUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu 1. Avazyakaniyukti kI gAthA 762 se 776 taka meM vajrasvAmI ke lagabhaga cAra sau varSa pazcAt huI haiN| ata: unake dvArA racita niyukti ke vidyAguru AryasiMhagiri, AryavajrasvAmI, toSaliputra, AryarakSita, meM inakA ullekha honA sambhava nahIM lagatA hai| vaise merI dRSTi meM boTika Arya phalgumitra, sthavira bhadragupta jaise AcAryoM kA spaSTa ullekha hai|34 mata kI utpatti kA kathana niyuktikAra kA nahIM hai- niyukti meM sAta ye sabhI AcArya caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAha se paravartI haiM aura toSaliputra nihnavoM kA hI ullekha hai| nihnavoM ke kAla evaM sthAna sambandhI gAthAe~ ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI kA ullekha kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI meM hai| yadi bhASya gAthAe~ hai- jo bAda meM niyukti meM mila gaI haiN| kintu niyuktiyoM niyuktiyA~ caturdaza pUrvadhara AryabhadrabAhu kI kRti hotI to unameM ina meM sAta nihnavoM kA ullekha honA bhI isa bAta kA pramANa hai ki niyuktiyA~ nAmoM ke ullekha sambhava nahIM the| prAcInagotrIya pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu kI kRtiyA~ nahIM haiN| 2. isI prakAra piNDaniyukti kI gAthA 498 meM pAdaliptAcArya5 8. sUtrakRtAMganiyukti kI gAthA 146 meM dravya-nikSepa ke sambandha kA evaM gAthA 503 se 505 meM vajrasvAmI ke mAmA samitasUri36 meM ekabhavika, baddhAyuSya aura abhimukhita nAma-gotra aise tIna AdezoM kA ullekha hai sAtha hI brahmadIpakazAlA kA ullekha bhI hai-ye tathya kA ullekha huA hai| ye vibhinna mAnyatAeM bhadrabAhu ke kAphI pazcAt yahI siddha karate haiM ki piNDaniyukti bhI caturdaza pUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya Arya suhasti, Arya maMkSu Adi paravartI AcAryoM ke kAla meM nirmita bhadrabAhu kI kRti nahIM hai, kyoMki pAdaliptasUri, samitasUri tathA huI haiN| ata: ina mAnyatAoM ke ullekha se bhI niyuktiyoM ke kartA brahmadIpakazAkhA kI utpatti, ye sabhI prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu se caturdaza pUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu haiM, yaha mAnane meM bAdhA paravartI haiN| AtI hai| 3. uttarAdhyayananiyukti kI gAthA 120 meM kAlakAcArya kI muni zrI puNyavijaya jI ne uttarAdhyayana ke TIkAkAra zAntyAcArya, kathA kA saMketa hai| kAlakAcArya bhI prAcInagotrIya pUrvadhara bhadrabAha se jo niyuktikAra ke rUpa meM caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAha ko mAnate haiM, kI lagabhaga tIna sau varSa pazcAt hue haiN| isa mAnyatA kA bhI ullekha kiyA hai ki niyuktikAra trikAlajJAnI haiN| 4. oghaniyukti kI prathama gAthA meM caturdaza pUrvadhara, daza pUrvadhara ata: unake dvArA paravartI ghaTanAoM kA ullekha honA asambhava nahIM evaM ekAdaza- aMgoM ke jJAtAoM ko sAmAnya rUpa se namaskAra kiyA hai|48 yahA~ muni puNyavijaya jI kahate haiM ki hama zAntyAcArya kI isa gayA hai,39 aisA droNAcArya ne apanI TIkA meM sUcita kiyA hai|40 yadyapi bAta ko svIkAra kara bhI leM, to bhI niyuktiyoM meM nAmapUrvaka vajrasvAmI muni zrI puNyavijaya jI sAmAnya kathana kI dRSTi se ise asaMbhAvita ko namaskAra Adi kisI bhI dRSTi se yuktisaMgata nahIM kahA jA sktaa| nahIM mAnate haiM, kyoMki Aja bhI AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM muni namaskAramaMtra ve likhate haiM yadi uparyukta ghaTanAe~ ghaTita hone ke pUrva hI niyuktiyoM meM apane se choTe pada aura vyaktiyoM ko namaskAra karate haiN| kintu meM ullikhita kara dI gayI hoM to bhI amuka mAnyatA amuka puruSa merI dRSTi meM koI bhI caturdaza pUrvadhara dazapUrvadhara ko namaskAra kare, dvArA sthApita huI yaha kaise kahA jA sakatA hai|49 yaha ucita nahIM lgtaa| punaH Avazyakaniyukti kI gAthA 769 meM punaH jina dasa Agama-granthoM para niryakti likhane kA ullekha dasa pUrvadhara vajrasvAmI ko nAma lekara jo vaMdana kiyA gayA hai, vaha Avazyakaniyukti meM hai, usase yaha spaSTa hai ki bhadrabAhu ke samaya to kisI bhI sthiti meM ucita nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga Adi ativistRta evaM paripUrNa the| aisI sthiti 5. puna: Avazyakaniyukti kI gAthA 763 se 774 meM yaha meM una AgamoM para likhI gayI niyukti bhI ativizAla evaM cAroM kahA gayA hai ki ziSyoM kI smaraNa zakti ke hrAsa ko dekhakara Arya anuyogamaya honI caahie| isake virodha meM yadi niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu rakSita ne, vajrasvAmI ke kAla taka jo Agama anuyogoM meM vibhAjita the, aisI mAnyatA rakhane vAle vidvAn yaha kahate haiM ki niyuktikAra nahIM the, unheM anuyogoM meM vibhAjita kiyA,42 yaha kathana bhI eka paravartI to bhadrabAhu hI the aura ve niyuktiyA~ bhI ativizAla thIM, kintu bAda ghaTanA ko sUcita karatA hai| isase bhI yahI phalita hotA hai ki niyuktiyoM meM sthavira AryarakSita ne apane ziSya puSyamitra kI vismRti evaM bhaviSya ke kartA caturdaza pUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu nahIM haiM, apitu AryarakSita meM hone vAle ziSyoM kI maMda-buddhi ko dhyAna meM rakhakara jisa prakAra ke pazcAt hone vAle koI bhadrabAhu haiN| AgamoM ke anuyogoM ko pRthak kiyA, usI prakAra niyuktiyoM ko bhI 6. dazavaikAlikaniyukti kI gAthA 4 evaM oghaniyukti" kI vyavasthita evaM saMkSipta kiyaa| isake pratyuttara meM muni zrI puNyavijaya gAthA 2 meM caraNakaraNAnuyoga kI niyukti kahU~gA aisA ullekha hai| yaha jI kA kathana hai- prathama, to yaha ki AryarakSita dvArA anuyogoM ke bhI isI tathya kI puSTi karatA hai ki niyukti kI racanA anuyogoM ke pRthak karane kI bAta to kahI jAtI hai, kintu niyuktiyoM ko vyavasthita vibhAjana ke bAda arthAt AryarakSita ke pazcAt huI hai| karane kA eka bhI ullekha nahIM hai| skaMdila Adi ne vibhinna vAcanAoM 7. Avazyakaniyukti5 kI gAthA 778-783 meM tathA meM 'AgamoM' ko hI vyavasthita kiyA, niyuktiyoM ko nhiiN| uttarAdhyayananiyukti 6 kI gAthA 164 se 178 taka meM 7 nihnavoM aura dUsare, upalabdha niyuktiyA~ una aMga-AgamoM para nahIM haiM jo bhadrabAhu

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana prathama ke yuga meM the| paramparAgata mAnyatA ke anusAra ArakSita ke uttarAdhyayananiyukti meM usake 'akAmamaraNIya' nAmaka adhyayana kI yuga meM bhI AcArAMga evaM sUtrakRtAMga utane hI vizAla the, jitane bhadrabAhu niyukti meM nimna gAthA prApta hotI haike kAla meM the| aisI sthiti meM cAhe eka hI anuyoga kA anusaraNa "save e e dArA maraNavibhattIe vaNNiA kmso| karake niyuktiyA~ likhI gayI hoM, unakI viSayavastu to vizAla honI sagalaNiuNe payatthe jiNa caudasa puvi bhaasNti"||232|| cAhie thii| jabaki jo bhI niyuktiyA~ upalabdha haiM ve sabhI mAthurIvAcanA (jJAtavya hai ki munipuNyavijaya jI ne ise gAthA 233 likhA dvArA yA valabhI vAcanA dvArA nirdhArita pATha vAle AgamoM kA hI anusaraNa hai kintu niyuktisaMgraha meM isa gAthA kA krama 232 hI hai|) kara rahI haiN| yadi yaha kahA jAya ki anuyogoM kA pRthakkaraNa karate isa gAthA meM kahA gayA hai ki "maraNavibhakti meM ina sabhI dvAroM samaya AryarakSita ne niyuktiyoM ko bhI puna: vyavasthita kiyA aura unameM kA anukrama se varNana kiyA gayA hai, padArthoM ko sampUrNa rUpa se to aneka gAthAe~ prakSipta bhI kI, to prazna hotA hai ki phira unameM goSThAmAhila jina athavA caturdaza pUrvadhara hI jAna sakate haiN|" yadi niyuktikAra aura boTika mata kI utpatti sambandhI vivaraNa kaise Aye, kyoMki ina caturdazapUrvadhara hote to ve isa prakAra nahIM likhte| zAntyAcArya ne svayaM donoM kI utpatti AryarakSita ke svargavAsa ke pazcAt hI huI hai| ise do AdhAroM para vyAkhyAyita kiyaa| prathama, caturdaza pUrvadharoM meM Apasa yadyapi isa sandarbha meM merA munizrI se matabheda hai| mere adhyayana meM arthajJAna kI apekSA se kamI-adhikatA hotI hai, isI dRSTi se yaha kI dRSTi se sapta nihnavoM ke ullekha vAlI gAthAe~ to mUla gAthAe~ kahA gayA ho ki padArthoM kA sampUrNa svarUpa to caturdazapUrvI hI batA haiM, kintu unameM boTika mata ke utpatti sthala rathavIrapura evaM utpattikAla sakate haiM athavA dvAra gAthA se lekara Age kI ye sabhI gAthAe~ bhASya vIra ni.saM. 609 kA ullekha karane vAlI gAthAe~ bAda meM prakSipta haiN| gAthAe~ hoN|53 yadyapi muni puNyavijaya jI inheM bhASya gAthAe~ svIkAra ve niyukti kI gAthAe~ na hokara bhASya kI haiM, kyoMki jahA~ nihavoM nahIM karate haiN| cAhe ye gAthAe~ bhASyagAthA hoM yA na hoM kintu merI dRSTi hai jabaki unake utpattisthala evaM kAla ko sUcita karane vAlI ina kI hai, vaha pUrNatayA asaMgata nahIM hai| do gAthAoM meM yaha saMkhyA ATha ho gyii| Azcarya yaha hai ki Avazyaka puna: jaisA pUrva meM sUcita kiyA jA cukA hai, sUtrakRtAMga ke puNDarIka niyukti meM boTikoM kI utpatti kI kahIM koI carcA nahIM hai aura yadi adhyayana kI niyukti meM puNDarIka zabda kI niyukti karate samaya usake boTikamata ke prastotA evaM unake mantavya kA ullekha mUla Avazyaka dravya nikSepa se ekabhavika, baddhAyuSya aura abhimukhita nAma-gotra aise niyukti meM nahIM hai, to phira unake utpatti-sthala evaM utpatti kAla tIna AdezoM kA niyuktikAra ne svayaM hI saMgraha kiyA hai|54 kA ullekha niyukti meM kaise ho sakatA hai? vastuta: bhASya kI aneka bRhatkalpasUtrabhASya (prathamavibhAga, pR. 44-45) meM ye tInoM Adeza gAthAe~ niyuktiyoM meM mila gaI haiN| ataH ye nagara evaM kAla sUcaka Aryasuhasti, Arya maMgu evaM Aryasamudra kI mAnyatAoM ke rUpa meM gAthAe~ bhASya kI honI caahiye| yadyapi uttarAdhyayananiyukti ke tRtIya ullikhita hai|5 itanA to nizcita hai ki ye tInoM AcArya pUrvadhara adhyayana ke anta meM inhIM sapta nihnavoM kA ullekha hone ke bAda prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu (prathama) se paravartI haiM aura unake matoM kA saMgraha anta meM eka gAthA meM zivabhUti kA rathavIrapura nagara ke dIpaka udyAna pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu dvArA sambhava nahIM hai| meM AryakRSNa se vivAda hone kA ullekha hai|52 kintu na to isameM dazAzrutaskaMdha kI niyukti ke prArambha meM nimna gAthA dI gayI haivivAda ke svarUpa kI carcA hai aura na koI anya bAta, jabaki usake "vaMdAmibhahabAhuM pAINaM crimsylsuynaanniN| pUrva pratyeka nihnava ke mantavya kA Avazyakaniyukti kI apekSA vistRta suttassa kAragamisiM dasAsu kapye ya vvhaare||" vivaraNa diyA gayA hai| ata: merI dRSTi meM yaha gAthA bhI prakSipta hai| yaha gAthA vaisI hI hai jaisI ki AvazyakamUlabhASya meM pAyI jAtI hai| kiyA gayA hai, apitu unheM dazAzrutaskaMdha kalpa evaM vyavahAra kA racayitA puna: vahA~ yaha gAthA bahuta adhika prAsaMgika bhI nahIM kahI jA sktii| bhI kahA hai, yadi niyuktiyoM ke lekhaka pUrvadhara zrutakevalI bhadrabAha hote mujhe spaSTa rUpa se lagatA hai ki uttarAdhyayananiyukti meM bhI nihnavoM kI to, ve svayaM hI apane ko kaise namaskAra karate? isa gAthA ko hama carcA ke bAda yaha gAthA prakSipta kI gayI hai| prakSipta yA bhASya gAthA bhI nahIM kaha sakate, kyoMki prathama to yaha yaha mAnanA bhI ucita nahIM lagatA ki caturdaza pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu grantha kI prArambhika maMgala gAthA hai, dUsare cUrNikAra ne svayaM isako ke kAla meM racita niyuktiyoM ko sarvaprathama AryarakSita ke kAla meM ___ niyuktigAthA ke rUpa meM mAnya kiyA hai| isase yaha niSkarSa nikalatA vyavasthita kiyA gayA aura puna: unheM paravartI AcAryoM ne apane yuga hai ki niyuktikAra caturdaza pUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu nahIM ho skte| kI Agamika vAcanA ke anusAra vyavasthita kiyaa| Azcarya taba aura isa samasta carcA ke anta meM muni jI isa niSkarSa para pahu~cate adhika bar3ha jAtA hai ki isa saba parivartana ke viruddha bhI koI svara haiM ki paramparAgata dRSTi se dazAzrutaskaMdha, kalpasUtra, vyavahArasUtra evaM ubharane kI kahIM koI sUcanA nahIM hai| vAstavikatA yaha hai ki AgamoM nizItha ye cAra chedasUtra, Avazyaka Adi dasa niyuktiyA~, uvasaggahara meM jaba bhI kucha parivartana karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA to usake viruddha evaM bhadrabAhu saMhitA ye sabhI caturdazapUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu svAmI svara ubhare hai aura unheM ullikhita bhI kiyA gayA hai| kI kRti mAne jAte haiM, kintu inameM se 4 cheda sUtroM ke racayitA to

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52 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 caturdaza pUrvadhara Arya bhadrabAhu hI haiN| zeSa dasa niyuktiyoM, uvasaggahara gaI hai|62 govindaniyukti ke racayitA vahI Aryagovinda hone cAhie evaM bhadrabAhu saMhitA ke racayitA anya koI bhadrabAhu hone cAhie aura jinakA ullekha nandIsUtra meM anuyogadvAra ke jJAtA ke rUpa meM kiyA sambhavata: ye anya koI nahIM, apitu vArAhasaMhitA ke racayitA varAhamihira gayA hai| sthavirAvalI ke anusAra ye Arya skaMdila kI cauthI pIr3hI ke bhAI, maMtravidyA ke pAragAmI naimittika bhadrabAhu hI hone caahie|55 meM haiN|63 ata: inakA kAla vikrama kI pA~cavIM sadI nizcita hotA hai| munizrI puNyavijaya jI ne niyuktiyoM ke kartA naimittika bhadrabAhu ata: muni zrIpuNyavijaya jI isa niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki nandIsUtra hI the, yaha kalpanA nimna tarkoM ke AdhAra para kI hai56- evaM pAkSikasUtra meM niyukti kA jo ullekha hai vaha Arya govinda kI 1. Avazyakaniyukti kI gAthA 1252 se 1270 taka meM gaMdharva niyukti ko lakSya meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hai| isa prakAra muni jI dasoM nAgadatta kA kathAnaka AyA hai| isameM nAgadatta ke dvArA sarpa ke viSa niyuktiyoM ke racayitA ke rUpa meM naimittika bhadrabAhu ko hI svIkAra utArane kI kriyA kA varNana hai|57 uvasaggahara (upasargahara) meM bhI sarpa karate haiM aura nandIsUtra athavA pAkSikasUtra meM jo niyukti kA ullekha ke viSa utArane kI carcA hai| ataH donoM ke kartA eka hI haiM aura hai use ve govinda niyukti kA mAnate haiN| ve mantra-tantra meM AsthA rakhate the| hama muni zrIpuNyavijaya jI kI isa bAta se pUrNata: sahamata nahIM 2. puna: naimittika bhadrabAha hI niyuktiyoM ke kartA hone cAhie ho sakate haiM, kyoMki uparyukta dasa niyuktiyoM kI racanA se pUrva cAhe isakA eka AdhAra yaha bhI hai ki unhoMne apanI pratijJA gAthA meM sUryaprajJapti Aryagovinda kI niyukti astitva meM ho, kintu nandIsUtra evaM pAkSika para niyukti likhane kI pratijJA kI thii|58 aisA sAhasa koI jyotiSa sUtra meM niyukti sambandhI jo ullekha haiM, ve AcArAMga Adi Agama kA vidvAn hI kara sakatA thaa| isake atirikta AcArAMganiyukti meM granthoM kI niyukti ke sambandha meM haiM, jabaki govindaniyukti kisI Agama to spaSTa rUpa se nimitta vidyA kA nirdeza bhI huA hai|59 ata: munizrI grantha para niyukti nahIM hai| usake sambandha meM nizIthacUrNi Adi meM jo puNyavijaya jI niyukti ke kartA ke rUpa meM naimittika bhadrabAhu ko svIkAra ullekha haiM ve sabhI use darzanaprabhAvaka grantha aura ekendriya meM jIva karate haiN| kI siddhi karane vAlA grantha batalAte haiN|64 ata: unakI yaha mAnyatA yadi hama niyuktikAra ke rUpa meM naimittika bhadrabAhu ko svIkAra ki nandIsUtra aura pAkSikasUtra meM niyukti ke jo ullekha haiM, ve karate haiM to hameM yaha bhI mAnanA hogA ki niyuktiyA~ vikrama kI chaThI govindaniyukti ke sandarbha meM haiM, samucita nahIM hai| vastuta: nandIsUtra sadI kI racanAe~ haiM, kyoMki varAhamihira ne apane grantha ke anta meM evaM pAkSikasUtra meM jo niyuktiyoM ke ullekha haiM ve Agama granthoM kI zaka saMvat 427 arthAt vikrama saMvata 566 kA ullekha kiyA hai|60 niyuktiyoM ke haiN| ata: yaha mAnanA hogA ki nandI evaM pAkSikasUtra naimittika bhadrabAhu varAhamihira ke bhAI the, ata: ve unake samakAlIna kI racanA ke pUrva arthAt pA~cavI zatI ke pUrva AgamoM para niyukti haiN| aisI sthiti meM yahI mAnanA hogA ki niyuktiyoM kA racanAkAla likhI jA cukI thii| bhI vikrama kI chaThI zatAbdI kA uttarArddha hai| 2. dUsare, ina dasa niyuktiyoM meM aura bhI aise tathya haiM jinase yadi hama uparyukta AdhAroM para niyuktiyoM ko vikrama kI chaThIM inheM varAhamihira ke bhAI evaM naimittika bhadrabAhu (vikrama saMvat 566) sadI meM hue naimittika bhadrabAhu kI kRti mAnate haiM, to bhI hamAre sAmane kI racanA mAnane meM zaMkA hotI hai| Avazyakaniyukti kI sAmAyika kucha prazna upasthita hote haiM niyukti meM jo nihnavoM ke utpatti sthala evaM utpattikAla sambandhI gAthAyeM 1. sarvaprathama to yaha ki nandIsUtra evaM pAkSikasUtra meM niyuktiyoM haiM evaM uttarAdhyayananiyukti ke tIsare adhyayana kI niyukti meM jo zivabhUti ke astitva kA spaSTa ullekha hai kA ullekha hai, vaha prakSipta hai| isakA pramANa yaha hai ki uttarAdhyayanacUrNi, "saMkhejjAo nijattIo saMkhejjA saMgahaNIo" jo ki isa niyukti para eka prAmANika racanA hai, meM 167 gAthA taka - (nandIsUtra, sUtra saM. 46) kI hI cUrNi dI gayI hai| nihnavoM ke sandarbha meM antima cUrNi 'jeThThA "sa sutte satye sagaMthe sanijjuttie sasaMgahaNie" sudaMsaNa' nAmaka 167 vI gAthA kI hai| usake Age nihnavoM ke vaktavya - (pAkSikasUtra, pR. 80) ko sAmAyikaniyukti (Avazyakaniyukti) ke AdhAra para jAna lenA itanA nizcita hai ki ye donoM grantha vikrama kI chaThIM sadI ke cAhie, aisA nirdeza hai|65 jJAtavya hai ki sAmAyikaniyukti meM boTikoM pUrva nirmita ho cuke the| yadi niyuktiyA~ chaThI sadI uttarArddha kI racanA kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| hama yaha bhI batA cuke haiM ki usa niyukti haiM to phira vikrama kI pA~cavIM zatI ke uttarArddha yA chaThI zatI ke pUrvArddha meM jo boTika mata ke utpattikAla evaM sthala kA ullekha hai, vaha prakSipta ke granthoM meM chaThIM sadI ke uttarArddha meM racita niyuktiyoM kA ullekha hai evaM ve bhASya gAthAe~ haiN| uttarAdhyayanaca kaise saMbhava hai? isa sambandha meM munizrI puNyavijaya jI ne tarka diyA milatA hai ki usameM nihnavoM kI kAlasUcaka gAthAoM ko niryaktigAthAe~ hai ki nandIsUtra meM jo niyuktiyoM kA ullekha hai, vaha govindaniyukti na kahakara AkhyAnaka saMgrahaNI kI gAthA kahA gayA hai|66 isase mere Adi ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hogaa|61 yaha satya hai ki usa kathana kI puSTi hotI hai ki Avazyakaniyukti meM jo nihnavoM ke govindaniyukti eka prAcIna racanA hai kyoMki nizIthacUrNi meM govindaniyukti utpattinagara evaM utpattikAla kI sUcaka gAthAe~ haiM ve mUla meM niyukti ke ullekha ke sAtha-sAtha govindaniyukti kI utpatti kI kathA bhI dI kI gAthAe~ nahIM haiM, apitu saMgrahaNI athavA bhASya se usameM prakSipta

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana kI gayI haiM kyoMki ina gAthAoM meM unake utpatti nagaroM evaM utpatti-samaya vikasita huI hai| tattvArthasUtra tathA AcArAMganiyukti donoM hI vikasita donoM kI saMkhyA ATha-ATha hai| isa prakAra inameM boTikoM ke utpattinagara guNasthAna siddhAnta ke sambandha meM sarvathA mauna hai, jisase yaha phalita aura samaya kA bhI ullekha hai-Azcarya yaha hai ki ye gAthAe~ sapta hotA hai ki niyuktiyoM kA racanAkAla tattvArthasUtra ke sama-sAmayika nihnavoM kI carcA ke bAda dI gaIM-jabaki boTikoM kI utpatti kA (arthAt vikrama kI tIsarI-cauthI sadI) hai| ata: ve chaThI zatI ke ullekha to isake bhI bAda meM hai aura mAtrA eka gAthA meM hai| ataH uttarArdha meM hone vAle naimittika bhadrabAhu kI racanA to kisI sthiti ye gAthAe~ kisI bhI sthiti meM niyukti kI gAthAe~ nahIM mAnI jA meM nahIM ho sktiiN| yadi ve unakI kRtiyA~ hotI to unameM AdhyAtmika sakatI haiN| vikAsa kI ina dasa avasthAoM ke citraNa ke sthAna para caudaha guNasthAnoM puna: yadi hama boTika nihnava sambandhI gAthAoM ko bhI niyukti kA bhI citraNa hotaa| gAthAe~ mAna leM to bhI niyukti ke racanAkAla kI apara sImA ko 5. niyukti gAthAoM kA niyukti gAthA ke rUpa meM mUlAcAra vIranirvANa saMvat 610 arthAt vikrama kI tIsarI zatI ke pUrvArdha se meM ullekha tathA asvAdhyAya kAla meM bhI unake adhyayana kA nirdeza Age nahIM le jAyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki isake bAda ke koI ullekha yahI siddha karatA hai ki niyuktiyoM kA astitva mUlAcAra kI racanA hameM niyuktiyoM meM nahIM mile| yadi niyukti naimittika bhadrabAha (vikrama aura yApanIya sampradAya ke astitva meM Ane ke pUrva kA thaa| yaha sunizcita kI chaThI sadI uttarArddha) kI racanAe~ hotI to unameM vikrama kI tIsarI hai ki yApanIya sampradAya 5 vIM sadI ke anta taka astitva meM A sadI se lekara chaThIM sadI ke bIca ke kisI na kisI AcArya evaM gayA thaa| ata: niyuktiyA~ 5 vIM sadI se pUrva kI racanA honI cAhieghaTanA kA ullekha bhI, cAhe saMketa rUpa meM hI kyoM na ho, avazya aisI sthiti meM bhI ve naimittika bhadrabAhu (vikrama kI chaThIM sadI uttarArddha) hotaa| anya kucha nahIM to mAthurI evaM valabhI vAcanA ke ullekha to kI kRti nahIM mAnI jA sakatI hai| avazya hI hote, kyoMki naimittika bhadrabAhu to unake bAda hI hue haiN| punaH niyukti kA ullekha AcArya kundakunda ne bhI Avazyaka valabhI vAcanA ke Ayojaka devarddhigaNi ke to ve kaniSTha samakAlika zabda kI niyukti karate hue niyamasAra, gAthA 142 meM kiyA hai|72 haiM, ata: yadi ve niyukti ke kartA hote to valabhI vAcanA kA ullekha Azcarya yaha hai ki yaha gAthA mUlAcAra ke SaDAvazyaka nAmaka adhikAra niyuktiyoM meM avazya krte| meM bhI yathAvat milatI hai| isameM Avazyaka zabda kI niyukti kI gaI 3. yadi niyuktiyA~ naimittika bhadrabAhu (chaThI sadI uttarArddha) kI hai| isase bhI yahI phalita hotA hai ki niyuktiyA~ kama se kama mUlAcAra kRti hotI to usameM guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA avazya hI pAI jaatii| aura niyamasAra kI racanA ke pUrva arthAt chaThI zatI ke pUrva astitva chaThI sadI ke uttarArddha meM guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA vikasita ho gaI meM A gaI thiiN| thI aura usa kAla meM likhI gaI kRtiyoM meM prAya: guNasthAna kA ullekha 6. niyuktiyoM ke kartA naimittika bhadrabAha nahIM ho sakate, kyoMki milatA hai kintu jahA~ taka mujhe jJAta hai, niyuktiyoM meM guNasthAna sambandhI AcArya mallavAdI (lagabhaga cauthI-pA~cavIM zatI) ne apane grantha nayacakra avadhAraNA kA kahIM bhI ullekha nahIM hai| Avazyakaniyukti kI jina meM niyuktigAthA kA uddharaNa diyA hai- niyukti lakSaNamAha- "vatthUNaM do gAthAoM meM caudaha guNasthAnoM ke nAmoM kA ullekha milatA hai,67 saMkamaNaM hoti avatthUNaye smbhruuddhe"| isase yahI siddha hotA hai ki ve mUlata: niyukti gAthAe~ nahIM haiN| Avazyaka mUla pATha meM caudaha bhUtagrAmoM valabhI vAcanA ke pUrva niyuktiyoM kI racanA ho cukI thii| ata: unake (jIva-jAtiyoM) kA hI ullekha hai, guNasthAnoM kA nhiiN| ata: niyukti racayitA naimittika bhadrabAhu na hokara yA to kAzyapagotrIya Aryabhadragupta to bhUtagrAmoM kI hI likhI gyii| bhUtagrAmoM ke vivaraNa ke bAda do haiM yA phira gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra haiN| gAthAoM meM caudaha guNasthAnoM ke nAma diye gaye haiN| yadyapi yahA~ guNasthAna 7. puna: valabhI vAcanA ke AgamoM ke gadyabhAga meM niyuktiyoM zabda kA prayoga nahIM hai| ye donoM gAthAe~ prakSipta haiM, kyoMki haribhadra aura saMgrahaNI kI aneka gAthAe~ milatI haiM, jaise jJAtAdharmakathA meM mallI (AThavIM sadI) ne Avazyakaniyukti kI TIkA meM "adhunAmumaiva adhyayana meM jo tIrthaGkara-nAma-karma-bandha sambandhI 20 boloM kI gAthA guNasthAnadvAreNa darzayannAha saMgrahaNikAra:" kahakara ina donoM gAthAoM ko hai, vaha mUlata: Avazyakaniyukti (179-181) kI gAthA hai| isase saMgrahaNI gAthA ke rUpa meM uddhRta kiyA hai|68 ata: guNasthAna siddhAnta bhI yahI phalita hotA hai ki valabhI vAcanA ke samaya niyuktiyoM aura ke sthira hone ke pazcAt saMgrahaNI kI ye gAthAe~ niyukti meM DAla dI saMgrahaNIsUtroM se aneka gAthAe~ AgamoM meM DAlI gaI haiN| ata: niyuktiyA~ gaI haiN| niyuktiyoM meM guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA kI anupasthiti isa aura saMgrahaNiyA~ valabhI vAcanA ke pUrva kI haiM ata: ve naimittika bhadrabAhu tathya kA pramANa hai ki unakI racanA tIsarI-cauthI zatI ke pUrva haI ke sthAna para lagabhaga tIsarI-cauthI zatI ke kisI anya bhadra nAmaka thii| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki niyuktiyA~ naimittika bhadrabAhu kI racanA AcArya kI kRtiyA~ haiN| nahIM hai| 8. niyuktiyoM kI sattA valabhI vAcanA ke pUrva thI, tabhI to 4. sAtha hI hama dekhate haiM ki AcArAMganiyukti meM AdhyAtmika nandIsUtra meM AgamoM kI niyuktiyoM kA ullekha hai| punaH agastyasiMha vikAsa kI unhIM dasa avasthAoM kA vivecana hai69 jo hameM tattvArthasUtra kI dazavaikAlikacUrNi ke upalabdha evaM prakAzita ho jAne para yaha bAta meM bhI milatI hai aura jinase Age calakara guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA puSTa ho jAtI hai ki Agamika vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM niyuktiyA~ valabhI

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54 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 vAcanA ke pUrva likhI jAne lagI thiiN| isa cUrNi meM prathama adhyayana ArAdhanA meM niyuktiyoM kI aneka gAthAoM kI niyukti-gAthA ke ullekha kI dazavaikAlikaniryakti kI 54 gAthAoM kI bhI cUrNi kI gaI hai| pUrvaka upasthiti, yahI siddha karatI hai ki niyukti ke kartA usa avibhakta yaha cUrNi vikrama kI tIsarI-cauthI zatI meM racI gaI thii| isase yaha paramparA ke hone cAhie jisase zvetAmbara evaM yApanIya sampradAyoM kA tathya siddha ho jAtA hai ki niyuktiyA~ bhI lagabhaga tIsarI-cauthI zatI vikAsa huA hai| kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI meM jo AcArya paramparA prApta kI racanA haiN| hotI hai, usameM bhagavAn mahAvIra kI paramparA meM prAcInagotrIya zruta-kevalI jJAtavya hai ki niyuktiyoM meM bhI paravartI kAla meM paryApta rUpa bhadrabAhu ke atirikta do anya 'bhadra' nAmaka AcAryoM kA ullekha prApta se prakSepa huA hai, kyoMki dazavaikAlika ke prathama adhyayana kI hotA hai- 1. Arya zivabhUti ke ziSya kAzyapagotrIya Aryabhadra aura agastyasiMhacUrNi meM mAtra 54 niyukti gAthAoM kI cUrNi huI hai, jabaki 2. Arya kAlaka ke ziSya gautamagotrIya aarybhdr| vartamAna meM dazavaikAlikaniyukti meM prathama adhyayana kI niyukti meM 151 saMkSepa meM kalpasUtra kI yaha AcArya paramparA isa prakAra haigAthAe~ haiN| ata: niyuktiyA~ Aryabhadragupta yA gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra kI mahAvIra, gautama, sudharmA, jambU, prabhava, zayyambhava, yazobhadra, saMbhUti, racanAe~ haiN| vijaya, bhadrabAhu (caturdazapUrvadhara), sthUlibhadra (jJAtavya hai ki bhadrabAhu isa sambandha meM eka Apatti yaha uThAI jA sakatI hai ki niyuktiyA~ evaM sthUlibhadra donoM hI saMbhUtivijaya ke ziSya the|), Arya suhasti, valabhI vAcanA ke AgamapAThoM ke anurUpa kyoM haiM? isakA prathama uttara susthita, indradinna, Aryadina, AryasiMhagiri, Aryavajra, Arya vajrasena, to yaha hai ki niyuktiyoM kA Agama pAThoM se utanA sambandha nahIM hai, Aryaratha, Arya puSyagiri, Arya phalgumitra, Arya dhanagiri, AryazivabhUti, jitanA unakI viSayavastu se hai aura yaha satya hai ki vibhinna vAcanAoM Aryabhadra (kAzyapagotrIya), AryakRSNa, AryanakSatra, AryarakSita, AryanAga, meM cAhe kucha pATha-bheda rahe hoM kintu viSayavastu to vahI rahI hai aura AryajyeSThila, AryaviSNu, AryakAlaka, AryasaMpalita, Aryabhadra niyuktiyA~ mAtra viSayavastu kA vivaraNa detI haiN| punaH niyuktiyA~ mAtra (gautamagotrIya), AryavRddha, Arya saMghapAlita, AryahastI, Aryadharma, prAcIna stara ke aura bahuta kucha aparivartita rahe AgamoM para haiM, sabhI AryasiMha, Aryadharma, SANDilya (sambhavata: skaMdila, jo mAthurI vAcanA Agama granthoM para nahIM hai aura ina prAcIna stara ke AgamoM kA ke vAcanApramukha the) aadi| gAthAbaddha jo sthavirAvalI hai usameM isake svarUpa-nirdhAraNa to pahale hI ho cukA thaa| mAthurIvAcanA yA valabhI bAda jambU, nandila, duSyagaNi, sthiragupta, kumAradharma evaM devarddhikSapakazramaNa vAcanA meM unameM bahuta adhika parivartana nahIM huA hai| Aja jo niyuktiyA~ ke pA~ca nAma aura Ate haiN| haiM ve mAtra AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, Avazyaka, uttarAdhyayana, dazavaikAlika, jJAtavya hai ki naimittika bhadrabAha kA nAma jo vikrama kI chaThI dazAzrutaskandha, vyavahAra, bRhatkalpa para haiN| ye sabhI grantha vidvAnoM kI zatI ke uttarArdha meM hue haiM, isa sUcI meM sammilita nahIM ho sakatA dRSTi meM prAcIna stara ke haiM aura inake svarUpa meM bahuta adhika parivartana hai| kyoMki yaha sUcI vIra nirvANa saM. 980 arthAt vikrama saM. 510 nahIM huA hai| ata: valabhIvAcanA se samarUpatA ke AdhAra para niyuktiyoM meM apanA antima rUpa le cukI thii| ko usase paravartI mAnanA ucita nahIM hai| isa sthavirAvalI ke AdhAra para hameM jaina paramparA meM vikrama kI uparyukta samagra carcA se yaha phalita hotA hai ki niyuktiyoM ke chaThI zatI ke pUrvArdha taka hone vAle bhadra nAmaka tIna AcArya ke nAma kartA na to caturdazapUrvadhara Arya bhadrabAhu haiM aura na vArAhamihira ke milate haiM- prathama prAcInagotrIya Arya bhadrabAhu, dUsare Arya zivabhUti bhAI naimittika bhdrbaahu| yaha bhI sunizcita hai ki niyuktiyoM kI racanA ke ziSya kAzyapagotrIya Arya bhadragupta, tIsare Arya viSNu ke praziSya chedasUtroM kI racanA ke pazcAt huI hai| kintu yaha bhI satya hai ki niyuktiyoM aura AryakAlaka ke ziSya gautamagotrIya aarybhdr| inameM varAhamihira kA astitva AgamoM kI devarddhi ke samaya huI vAcanA ke pUrva thaa| ke bhrAtA naimittika bhadrabAhu ko jor3ane para yaha saMkhyA cAra ho jAtI ata: yaha avadhAraNA bhI bhrAnta hai ki niyuktiyA~ vikrama kI chaThI sadI hai| inameM se prathama evaM antima ko to niyuktikartA ke rUpa meM svIkAra ke uttarArddha meM nirmita huI haiN| nandIsUtra evaM pAkSikasUtra kI racanA ke nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, isa niSkarSa para hama pahu~ca cuke haiN| aba pUrva Agamika niyuktiyA~ avazya thiiN| zeSa do rahate haiM-1. zivabhUti ke ziSya Aryabhadragupta aura dUsare aba yaha prazna uThatA hai ki yadi niyuktiyoM ke kartA zruta kevalI AryakAlaka ke ziSya aarybhdr| inameM pahale hama Arya dhanagiri ke pUrvadhara prAcInagotrIya bhadrabAhu tathA vArAhamihira ke bhAI naimittika bhadrabAhu praziSya evaM Arya zivabhUti ke ziSya Aryabhadragupta ke sambandha meM vicAra donoM hI nahIM the, to phira ve kauna se bhadrabAhu haiM jinakA nAma niyukti karegeM ki kyA ve niyuktiyoM ke kartA ho sakate haiM? ke kartA ke rUpa meM mAnA jAtA hai| niyukti ke kartA ke rUpa meM bhadrabAhu kI anuzruti jur3I hone se itanA to nizcita hai ki niyuktiyoM kA kyA Aryabhadragupta niyuktiyoM ke kartA haiM? sambandha kisI "bhadra" nAmaka vyakti se honA cAhie aura unakA astitva niyuktiyoM ko zivabhUti ke ziSya kAzyapagotrIya bhadragupta kI lagabhaga vikrama kI tIsarI-cauthI sadI ke Asa-pAsa honA caahie| racanA mAnane ke pakSa meM hama nimna tarka de sakate haiMkyoMki niyamasAra meM Avazyaka kI niyukti, mUlAcAra meM niyuktiyoM1. niyuktiyA~ uttara bhArata ke nirgrantha saMgha se vikasita ke asvAdhyAya kAla meM bhI par3hane kA nirdeza tathA usameM aura bhagavatI zvetAmbara evaM yApanIya donoM sampradAyoM meM mAnya rahI haiM, kyoMki yApanIya

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55 niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana grantha mUlAcAra meM na kevala zatAdhika niyukti gAthAe~ udadhRta haiM, apitu meM vastra-pAtra ke ullekha adhika bAdhaka nahIM haiN| usameM asvAdhyAya kAla meM niyuktiyoM ke adhyayana na karane kA nirdeza 4. cU~ki Aryabhadra ke niryApaka AryarakSita mAne jAte haiN| niyukti bhI hai| isase phalita hotA hai ki niyuktiyoM kI racanA mUlAcAra se aura cUrNi donoM se hI yaha siddha hai ki AryarakSita bhI acelatA ke pUrva ho cukI thii| yadi mUlAcAra ko chaThIM sadI kI racanA bhI mAneM hI pakSadhara the aura unhoMne apane pitA ko, jo prArambha meM acela dIkSA to usake pUrva niyuktiyoM kA astitva to mAnanA hI hogA, sAtha hI grahaNa karanA nahIM cAhate the, yojanApUrvaka acela banA hI diyA thaa| yaha bhI mAnanA hogA ki niyuktiyA~ mUlarUpa meM avibhakta dhArA meM nirmita cUrNi meM jo kaTipaTTaka kI bAta hai, vaha to zvetAmbara pakSa kI puSTi huI thiiN| cU~ki paramparA bheda to zivabhUti ke pazcAt unake ziSyoM kauDinya hetu DAlI gayI pratIta hotI hai| aura koTTavIra se huA hai| ata: niyuktiyA~ zivabhUti ke ziSya bhadragupta bhadragupta ko niyukti kA kartA mAnane ke sambandha meM nimna kaThinAiyA~ kI racanA mAnI jA sakatI hai, kyoMki ve na kevala avibhakta dhArA haiMmeM hue apitu lagabhaga usIkAla meM arthAt vikrama kI tIsarI zatI 1. Avazyakaniyukti evaM AvazyakacUrNi ke ullekhoM ke anusAra meM hue haiM, jo ki niyukti kA racanA kAla hai| / AryarakSita bhadragupta ke niryApaka (samAdhimaraNa karAne vAle) mAne gye| 2. puna: AcArya bhadragupta ko uttara-bhArata kI acela paramparA / Avazyakaniyukti na kevala AryarakSita kI vistAra se carcA karatI hai, kA pUrvapuruSa do-tIna AdhAroM para mAnA jA sakatA hai| prathama to kalpasUtra apitu unakA AdarapUrvaka smaraNa bhI karatI hai| bhadragupta AryarakSita kI paTTAvalI ke anusAra Aryabhadragupta AryazivabhUti ke ziSya haiM aura se dIkSA meM jyeSTha haiM, aisI sthiti meM unake dvArA racita niyuktiyoM ye zivabhUti vahI haiM jinakA AryakRSNa se muni kI upadhi (vastra-pAtra) meM AryarakSita kA ullekha itane vistAra se evaM itane AdarapUrvaka nahIM ke prazna para vivAda huA thA aura jinhoMne acelatA kA pakSa liyA AnA caahie| yadyapi paravartI ullekha ekamata se yaha mAnate haiM ki thaa| kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI meM Arya kRSNa aura Aryabhadra donoM ko Arya Aryabhadragupta kI niryApanA AryarakSita ne karavAyI, kintu mUla gAthA zivabhUti kA ziSya kahA hai| cU~ki Aryabhadra hI aise vyakti haiM jinheM ko dekhane para isa mAnyatA ke bAre meM kisI ko sandeha bhI ho sakatA Aryavajra evaM AryarakSita ke zikSaka ke rUpa meM zvetAmbaroM meM aura zivabhUti hai, mUla gAthA nimnAnusAra haike ziSya ke rUpa meM yApanIya paramparA meM mAnyatA milI hai| punaH "nijjavaNa bhagutte vIsaM paDhaNaM ca tassa puvvgyN| AryazivabhUti ke ziSya hone ke kAraNa Aryabhadra bhI acelatA ke pakSadhara pavyAvio ya bhAyA rakkhiakhamaNehiM jaNao a"| hoMge aura isalie unakI kRtiyA~ yApanIya paramparA meM mAnya rahI hoNgii| - Avazyakaniyukti, 776 / 3. vidizA se jo eka abhilekha prApta huA hai usameM bhadrAnvaya yahA~ "nijjavaNa bhaddagutte" meM yadi 'bhaddagutte' ko ArSa prayoga mAnakara evaM Aryakula kA ullekha hai koI prathamAvibhakti meM samajhe to isa gAthA ke prathama do caraNoM kA zamadamavAna cIkarat (11) AcArya- bhadrAnvayabhUSaNasya artha isa prakAra bhI ho sakatA hai- bhadragupta ne AryarakSita kI niryApanA ziSyo hyasAvAryakulodgatasya (1) AcArya- goza kI aura unase samasta pUrvagata sAhitya kA adhyayana kiyaa| (jai.zi.saM. 2, pR0 57) gAthA ke uparyukta artha ko svIkAra karane para to yaha mAnA jA sambhAvanA yahI hai ki bhadrAnvaya evaM Aryakula kA vikAsa inhIM sakatA hai ki niyuktiyoM meM AryarakSita kA jo bahumAna pUrvaka ullekha Aryabhadra se huA ho| yahA~ ke anya abhilekhoM meM muni kA hai, vaha aprAsaMgika nahIM hai| kyoMki jisa vyakti ne AryarakSita kI 'pANitalabhojI' aisA vizeSaNa hone se yaha mAnA jA sakatA hai ki niryApanA karavAyI ho aura jinase pUrvo kA adhyayana kiyA ho, vaha yaha kendra acela dhArA kA thaa| apane pUrvaja AcArya bhadra kI kRtiyA~ unakA apanI kRti meM sammAnapUrvaka ullekha karegA hii| kintu gAthA hone ke kAraNa niyuktiyA~ yApanIyoM meM bhI mAnya rahI hogii| oghaniyukti kA isa dRSTi se kiyA gayA artha cUrNi meM prastuta kathAnakoM ke sAtha yA piNDaniyukti meM bhI jo ki paravartI evaM vikasita haiM, do cAra prasaMgoM evaM niyukti gAthAoM ke pUrvApara prasaMga ko dekhate hue kisI bhI prakAra ke atirikta kahIM bhI vastra-pAtra kA vizeSa ullekha nahIM milatA hai| saMgata nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| cUrNi meM to yahI kahA gayA hai ki yaha isa tathya kA bhI sUcaka hai ki niyuktiyoM ke kAla taka vastra-pAtra AryarakSita ne bhadragupta kI niryApanA karavAyI aura Aryavajra se Adi kA samarthana usa rUpa meM nahIM kiyA jAtA thA, jisa rUpa meM paravartI pUrvasAhitya kA adhyayana kiyaa| yahA~ dUsare caraNa meM prayukta "tassa" zvetAmbara sampradAya meM huaa| vastra-pAtra ke sambandha meM niyukti kI mAnyatA zabda kA sambandha Aryavajra se hai, jinakA ullekha pUrva gAthAoM meM bhagavatI ArAdhanA evaM mUlAcAra se adhika dUra nahIM hai| AcArAMganiyukti kiyA gayA hai| sAtha hI yahA~ 'bhaddagutte' meM saptamI kA prayoga hai, jo meM AcArAMga ke vastreSaNA adhyayana kI niyukti kevala eka gAthA meM eka kArya ko samApta kara dUsarA kArya prArambha karane kI sthiti meM kiyA samApta ho gayI hai aura pAtraiSaNA para koI niyukti gAthA hI nahIM hai| jAtA hai| yahA~ sampUrNa gAthA kA artha isa prakAra hogA- AryarakSita ata: vastra-pAtra ke sambandha meM niyuktiyoM ke kartA Aryabhadra kI sthiti ne bhadragupta kI niryApanA (samAdhimaraNa) karavAne ke pazcAt (Aryavajra bhI mathurA ke sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ke aMkana se adhika bhinna nahIM hai| ata: se) pUrvo kA samasta adhyayana kiyA hai aura apane bhAI aura pitA niyuktikAra ke rUpa meM Arya bhadragupta ko svIkAra karane meM niyuktiyoM ko dIkSita kiyaa| yadi AryarakSita bhadragupta ke niryApaka haiM aura ve Jain Education Interational

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jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 hI niyuktiyoM ke kartA bhI haiM, to phira niyuktiyoM meM AryarakSita dvArA praziSya evaM AryakAlaka ke ziSya haiM tathA inake ziSya ke rUpa meM niryApana karavAne ke bAda kiye gaye kAryoM kA ullekha nahIM honA thaa| AryavRddha kA ullekha hai| yadi hama AryavRddha ko vRddhavAdI mAnate haiM, kintu aisA ullekha hai, ata: niyuktiyA~ kAzyapagotrIya bhadragupta kI to aisI sthiti meM ye Aryabhadra, siddhasena ke dAdA guru siddha hote kRti nahIM ho sakatI haiN| hai| yahA~ hameM yaha dekhanA hogA ki kyA ye Aryabhadra bhI spaSTa saMghabheda 2. dUsarI eka kaThinAI yaha bhI hai ki kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI arthAt zvetAmbara, yApanIya aura digambara sampradAyoM ke nAmakaraNa ke ke anusAra AryarakSita Aryavajra se 8 vIM pIr3hI meM Ate haiN| ata: pUrva hue haiM? yaha sunizcita hai ki sampradAya-bheda ke pazcAt kA koI yaha kaise sambhava ho sakatA hai ki 8 vIM pIr3hI meM hone vAlA vyakti bhI AcArya niyukti kA kartA nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki niyuktiyA~ yApanIya apane se ATha pIr3hI pUrva ke Aryavajra se pUrvo kA adhyayana kre| isase aura zvetAmbara donoM meM mAnya haiN| yadi ve eka sampradAya kI kRti hotI kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI meM diye gaye krama meM saMdeha hotA hai, hAlA~ki to dUsarA sampradAya use mAnya nahIM krtaa| yadi hama Arya viSNu ko kalpasUtra sthavirAvalI evaM anya srotoM se itanA to nizcita hotA hai digambara paTTAvalI meM ullikhita AryaviSNu samajheM to inakI nikaTatA ki Aryabhadra AryarakSita se pUrva meM hue haiN| usake anusAra AryarakSita acela paramparA se dekhI jA sakatI hai| dUsare vidizA ke abhilekha Aryabhadra gupta ke praziSya siddha hote haiN| yadyapi kathAnakoM meM AryarakSita meM jisa bhadrAnvaya evaM Arya kula kA ullekha hai usakA sambandha ina ko toSaliputra kA ziSya kahA gayA hai| ho sakatA hai ki toSaliputra gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra se bhI mAnA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki inakA kAla Aryabhadragupta ke ziSya rahe hoN| sthavirAvalI ke anusAra Aryabhadra ke bhI spaSTa sampradAya bheda evaM usa abhilekha ke pUrva hai| durbhAgya se inake ziSya AryanakSatra aura unake ziSya AryarakSita the| cAhe kalpasUtra kI sandarbha meM Agamika vyAkhyA-sAhitya meM kahIM koI vivaraNa nahIM milatA, sthavirAvalI meM kucha aspaSTatAe~ hoM aura do AcAryoM kI paramparA ko kevala nAma-sAmya ke AdhAra para hama inake niyuktikAra hone kI sambhAvanA kahIM eka sAtha milA diyA gayA ho, phira bhI itanA to nizcita hai vyakta kara sakate haiN| ki Aryabhadra AryarakSita se pUrvavartI yA jyeSTha samakAlika haiN| aisI inakI vidvattA evaM yogyatA ke sambandha meM bhI Agamika ullekhoM sthiti meM yadi niyuktiyA~ Aryabhadragupta ke samAdhimaraNa ke pazcAt kI kA abhAva hai, kintu vRddhavAdI jaise ziSya aura siddhasena jaise praziSya AryarakSita ke jIvana kI ghaTanAoM kA vivaraNa detI haiM, to unheM zivabhUti ke guru vidvAn hoMge, isameM zaMkA nahIM kI jA sktii| sAtha hI inake ke ziSya kAzyapagotrIya Aryabhadragupta kI kRti nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| praziSya siddhasena kA AdarapUrvaka ullekha digambara aura yApanIya AcArya yadi hama Aryabhadra ko hI niyukti ke kartA ke rUpa meM svIkAra bhI karate haiM, ata: inakI kRtiyoM ko uttara bhArata kI acela paramparA karanA cAhate haiM to isake atirikta koI vikalpa nahIM hai ki hama meM mAnyatA milI ho, aisA mAnA jA sakatA hai| ye AryarakSita se pA~cavIM AryarakSita, antima nihnava evaM boTikoM kA ullekha karane vAlI pIr3hI meM mAne gaye haiN| ata: inakA kAla inake sau-Der3ha sau varSa pazcAt niyukti gAthAoM ko prakSipta maaneN| yadi AryarakSita Aryabhadragupta ke hI hogA arthAt ye bhI vikrama kI tIsarI sadI ke uttarArddha yA cauthI niryApaka haiM to aisI sthiti meM Aryabhadra kA svargavAsa vIra ke pUrvArddha meM kabhI hue hogeN| lagabhaga yahI kAla mAthurIvAcanA kA nirvANa saM. 560 ke Asa-pAsa mAnanA hogA, kyoMki prathama to bhI hai| cU~ki mAthurIvAcanA yApanIyoM ko bhI svIkRta rahI hai, isalie AryarakSita ne bhadragupta kI niryApanA apane yuvAvasthA meM hI ina kAlaka ke ziSya gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra ko niyuktiyoM kA kartA karavAyI thI aura dUsare taba vIra nirvANa saM. 584 (vikrama kI dvitIya mAnane meM kAla evaM paramparA kI dRSTi se kaThinAI nahIM hai| zatAbdI) meM svargavAsI hone vAle Aryavajra jIvita the| ata: niyuktiyoM yApanIya aura zvetAmbara donoM meM niyuktiyoM kI mAnyatA ke hone meM antima nihnava kA kathana bhI sambhava nahIM lagatA, kyoMki abaddhika ke prazna para bhI isase koI bAdhA nahIM AtI, kyoMki ye Aryabhadra nAmaka sAtavA~ nihnava vIranirvANa ke 584 varSa pazcAt huA hai| ataH Arya nakSatra evaM Arya viSNu kI hI paramparA ke ziSya haiN| sambhava hai hameM na kevala AryarakSita sambandhI apitu antima nihava evaM boTikoM ki digambara paramparA meM AryanakSatra aura AryaviSNu kI paramparA meM hue sambandhI vivaraNa bhI niyuktiyoM meM prakSipta mAnanA hogaa| yadi hama yaha jina 'bhadrabAhu' ke dakSiNa meM jAne ke ullekha milate haiM, jinase acela svIkAra karane ko sahamata nahIM haiM, to hameM yaha svIkAra karanA hogA dhArA meM bhadrAnvaya aura Aryakula kA AvirbhAva mAnA jAtA hai, ve ye ki kAzyapagotrIya Aryabhadragupta bhI niyuktiyoM ke kartA nahIM ho sakate hI Aryabhadra hoN| yadi hama inheM niyuktiyoM kA kartA mAnate haiM, to isase haiN| ata: hameM anya kisI bhadra nAmaka AcArya kI khoja karanI nandIsUtra evaM pAkSikasUtra meM jo niyuktiyoM ke ullekha hai ve bhI yuktisaMgata hogii| bana jAte haiN| ata: hama isa niSkarSa para pahuMcate haiM ki niyuktiyoM ke kartA kyA gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra niyuktiyoM ke kartA haiM? Arya nakSatra kI paramparA meM hue Arya viSNu ke praziSya evaM Arya saMpAlita kAzyapagotrIya bhadragupta ke pazcAt kalpasUtra paTTAvalI meM hameM ke guru-bhrAtA gautamagotrIya Aryabhadra hI haiN| yadyapi maiM apane isa niSkarSa gautamagotrIya AryakAlaka ke ziSya aura Arya saMpAlita ke gurubhAI ko antima to nahIM kahatA, kintu itanA avazya kahU~gA ki ina Aryabhadra Aryabhadra kA bhI ullekha milatA hai|75 yaha Aryabhadra AryaviSNu ke ko niyukti kA kartA svIkAra karane para hama una aneka vipratipattiyoM

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57 niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana se baca sakate haiM, jo prAcInagotrIya pUrvadhara bhadrabAhu kAzyapagotrIya AzA hai jaina vidyA ke niSpakSa vidvAnoM kI agalI pIr3hI isa Aryabhadragupta aura varAhamihira ke bhrAtA naimittika bhadrabAha ko niyuktiyoM dizA meM aura bhI anveSaNa kara niyukti sAhitya sambandhI vibhinna kA kartA mAnane para AtI haiN| hamArA yaha durbhAgya hai ki aceladhArA samasyAoM kA samAdhAna prastuta kregii| prastuta lekhana meM muni zrI meM niyuktiyA~ saMrakSita nahIM raha sakI, mAtra bhagavatI ArAdhanA, mUlAcAra puNyavijaya jI kA Alekha merA upajIvya rahA hai| AcArya hastImala aura kundakunda ke granthoM meM unakI kucha gAthAe~ hI avaziSTa haiN| inameM jI ne jainadharma ke maulika itihAsa ke lekhana meM bhI usI kA anusaraNa bhI mUlAcAra hI mAtra aisA grantha hai jo lagabhaga sau niyukti gAthAoM kiyA hai| kintu maiM ukta donoM ke niSkarSoM se sahamata nahIM ho skaa| kA niyukti gAthA ke rUpa meM ullekha karatA hai| dUsarI ora sacela yApanIya sampradAya para mere dvArA grantha lekhana ke samaya merI dRSTi meM dhArA meM jo niyuktiyA~ upalabdha haiM, unameM aneka bhASyagAthAe~ mizrita kucha naI samasyAe~ aura samAdhAna dRSTigata hue aura unhIM ke prakAza ho gaI haiM, ata: upalabdha niyuktiyoM meM se bhASya gAthAoM evaM prakSipta meM maiMne kucha navIna sthApanAe~ prastuta kI haiM, ve satya ke kitanI nikaTa gAthAoM ko alaga karanA eka kaThina kArya hai, kintu yadi eka bAra haiM, yaha vicAra karanA vidvAnoM kA kArya hai| maiM apane niSkarSoM ko antima niyuktiyoM ke racanAkAla, usake kartA tathA unakI paramparA kA nirdhAraNa satya nahIM mAnatA hU~, ata: sadaiva unake vicAroM evaM samIkSAoM se ho jAye to yaha kArya sarala ho sakatA hai| lAbhAnvita hone kA prayAsa kruuNgaa| sandarbha 1. (a) nijjuttA te atthA, jaM baddhA teNa hoi nnijjuttii| 11. goviMdo... pacchAteNa egidiya jIva sAhaNaM goviMda nijjutikyaa| - Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 88 nizItha bhASya gAthA 3656, nizIthacUrNi, bhAga 3, pR0 260, (ba) sUtrArthayoH parasparaniyojanaM sambandhanaM niyuktiH bhAga-4, pR0 96 / - Avazyakaniyukti TIkA haribhadra, gAthA 83 kI ttiikaa| 12. nandIsUtra, (saM. madhukaramuni) sthavirAvalI gAthA 41 / 2. atthANaM uggahaNaM avaggahaM taha viAlaNaM ihN| 13. (a) prAkRtasAhitya kA itihAsa, DaoN. jagadIza candra jaina,pR0 190 / - Avazyaka niryakti. (ba) jainasAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, DaoN. mohanalAla mehatA, pArzvanAtha 3. IhA apoha vImaMsA, maggaNA ya gvesnnaa| vidyAzrama zodha saMsthAna, vArANasI, bhAga 3, pR06| saNNA saI maI paNNA savvaM aabhinibohiyN|| 14. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 84-85 - vahI, 12 // 15. vahI, 84 / 4. Avassagassa dasakAliassa taha uttrjjhmaayaare| 16. bahuraya paesa avvattasamucchAdugatiga abaddhiyA cev| . sUyagaDe nijjuttiM vucchAmi tahA dasANaM c|| sattee NiNhaNA khalu titthaMmi u vddhmaannss|| kappassa ya nijjutiM vavahArasseva paramaNi nnss| bahuraya jamAlipabhavA jIvapaesA ye tiisguttaao| sUriapaNNattIe vucchaM isibhAsiyANaM c|| avvattA''sADhAo saamuccheyaa''smittaao|| - vahI, 84-85 / gaMgAo dokiriyA chalugA tarAsiyANa uppttii| 5. isibhAsiyAiM (prAkRta bhAratI, jayapura), bhUmikA, sAgaramala jaina, therAya goTThamAhilapuTThamabaddhaM pruviNti|| pR0 93 / sAvatthI usabhapura seyaviyA mihila ullugaatiirN| 6. bRhatkathAkoSa (siMghI jaina granthamAlA) prastAvanA, e.ena.upAdhye, puramiMtaraMji dasapura-rahavIrapuraM ca ngraaii|| pR031 coddasa solasa vAsA coddasavIsuttarA ya doNNi syaa| ArAdhanA... tasyA niyuktiraadhnaaniyuktiH| -mUlAcAra, paMcAcArAdhikAra, aTThAvIsA ya duve paMceva sayA u coyaalaa|| gA. 279 kI TIkA (bhAratIya jJAnapITha, 1984) paMca sayA culasIyA chacceva sayA NavottarA hoti| 8. govindANaM pi namo aNuoge viuldhaarnniNdaannN| NANupattIya duve uppaNA Nibdue sesaa|| - nandisUtra sthavirAvalI, gA. 41 / evaM ee kahiyA osappiNIe u niNhavA stt| 9. vyavahArabhASya, bhAga 6, gA. 267-268: vIravarassa pavayaNe sesANaM pavvayaNe nntthi|| 10. so ya heugovaeso govindnijjuttimaadito...| - vahI, 778-784 / darisaNappabhAvagANi satthANi jahA goviNdnijjuttimaadii| bahuraya jamAlipabhavA jIvapaesA ya tiisguttaao| - AvazyakacUrNi bhAga1, pR. 31 evaM 353 bhAga2, pR0 201, avvattA''sADhAo saamuccheyaa''smittaao|| 322 / gaMgAe dokiriyA chalugA terAsiANa uppttii|

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58 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 therA ya guTThamAhilapuTThabaddhaM pruviNti|| jiTThA sudaMsaNa jamAli aNujja sAvatthi tiNdugujjaanne| paMca sayA ya sahassaM DhakeNa jamAli muttuunnN|| rAyagihe guNasilae vasu caudasapuci tiisguttaao| AmalakappA nayari mittasirI kuurpiNddaadi|| siyaviyapolAsADhe joge taddivasahiyayasUle y| sohammi naliNagumme rAyagihe puriya balabhadde / / mihilAe lacchighare mahagiri koDinna Asamitto / NeuNamaNuppavAe rAyagihe khaMDarakkhA y|| naikheDajaNava ullaga mahagiri dhaNagutta ajjagaMge y| kiriyA do rAyagihe mahAtavo tiirmnninaae|| purimaMtaraMji bhuyaguha balasiri sirigutta rohagutate y| parivAya puTTasAle ghosaNa paDisehaNA vaae|| vicchya sappe mUsaga migI varAhI ya kAgi poyaaii| eyAhiM vijjAhiM so u parivvAyago kuslo|| moriya nauli birAlI vagghI sIhI ya ulugi ovaai| eyAo vijjAo giNha privvaaymhnniio|| dasapuranagarucchughare ajjarakkhiya pusamittattiyagaM c| guTThAmAhila nava aTTha sesapucchA ya viNjhss|| puTTho jahA abaddho kaMcuiNaM kaMcuo smnnei| evaM puTThamabaddhaM jIvaM kammaM smntrei|| paccakkhANaM seyaM aparimANeNa hoi kAyavvaM / jesiM tu parImANaM taM durlDa hoi aasNsaa|| rahavIrapuraM nayaraM dIvagamujjANa ajjakaNhe a| sivabhUissuvahimi pucchA therANa kahaNA y|| - uttarAdhyayananiyukti, 165-178 / 18. vahI, 29 / 19. dazavaikAlikaniyukti, gAthA 309-326 / 20. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, 207 / 21. dazavaikAlikaniyukti, 161-163 / 22. AcArAMganiyukti, gAthA 5 / 23. (a) dazavaikAlikaniyukti, 79-88 / (ba) uttarAdhyayananiyukti, 143-144 / 24. jo ceva hoi mukkho sA u vimutti pagayaM tu bhaavennN| desavimukkA sAhU savvavimukkA bhave siddhaa|| -AcArAMganiyukti, 331 // 25. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, 497-92 / 26. sUtrakRtAMganiyukti, gAthA 99 / 27. dazavaikAlikaniyukti, gAthA 3 / 28. sUtrakRtAMganiyukti, 127 / 29. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, 267-268 / 30. dazAzrutaskaMdhaniyukti, gAthA 1 / 31. tahavi ya koI atyo uppajjati tammi taMmi smyNmi| puvvabhaNio aNumato a hoi isibhAsiesu jhaa|| -sUtrakRtAMganiyukti, 1892 / 32ka.bRhatkalpasUtram, SaSTha vibhAga, prakAzaka- zrI AtmAnanda jaina sabhA bhAvanagara, prastAvanA, pR0 4,5 33. vahI Amukha, pR0 2 34ka. mUDhaNaiyaM suyaM kAliyaM tu Na NayA samoyaraMti ihN| apuhutte samoyAro, nasthi puhutte smoyaaro||| jAvaMti ajjavairA, apuhuttaM kAliyANuoge y| teNA''reNa puhattaM, kAliyasuya diTThivAe y|| - Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 762-763 / (kha) tuMbavaNasannivesAo, niggayaM piusgaasmlliinnN| chammAsiyaM chasu jayaM, mAUya samantriyaM vNde|| jo gujjhaehiM bAlo, nimaMtio bhoyaNeNa vaasNte| Necchai viNIyaviNao, taM vairarisiM nnmNsaami|| ujjeNIe jo jaMbhagehiM ANakkhiUNa thuymhio| akkhINamahANasiyaM sIhagiripasaMsiyaM vNde|| jassa aNuNNAe vAyagattaNe dasapurammi nnyrmmi| devehiM kayA mahimA, payANusAra nnmsaami|| jo kannAi ghaNeNa ya, NimaMtio juvvaNammi gihvinnaa| nayarammi kusumanAme, taM bairarisiM nnmNsaami|| jaNuddhAraA vijjA, AgAsagamA mhaarinnnnaao| vaMdAmi ajjavairaM, apacchimo jo suyhraannN|| - vahI, gAthA 764-769 / apahutte aNuogo, cattAri duvAra bhAsaI ego| puhutANuogakaraNe, te attha tao u vocchintraa|| deviMdavaMdiehiM, mahANubhAgehi rkkhiajjehiN| jugamAsajja vibhatto, aNuogo to kao cuhaa|| mAyA ya ruddasomA, piyA ya nAmeNa somadeva tti| bhAyA ya phaggurakkhiya, tosaliputtA ya aayriaa|| NijjavaNabhadgutte, vIsaM paDhaNaM ca tassa puvgry| pavvAvio ya bhAyA, rakkhiakhamaNehiM jaNao y|| -vahI, gAthA 773-776 / 35. jaha jaha paesiNI jANugammi pAlittao bhmaaddei| taha taha sIse viyaNA, paNassai muruNddraayss|| -piNDaniyukti, gAthA- 498 // 36. nai kaNha-vinna dIve, paMcasayA tAvasANa nnivsNti| pavvadivasesu kulavai, pAlevuttAra skkaare|| :

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niyukti sAhitya : eka punarcintana jaNa sAvagANa khisaNa, samiyakkhaNa mAiThANa levenn| aTThAvIso ya duve paMceva sayA u coyaalaa|| sAvaya payattakaraNaM, aviNaya loe calaNa dhoe|| - Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 81-82 paDilAbhiya vaccaMtA, nivvuDa niikUlamilaNa smiyaao| 52. rahavIrapuraM nayaraM dIvagamujjANa ajjakaNhe a| vimhiya paMca sayA tAvasANa pavvajja sAhA y|| sivabhUissuvahimi pucchA thorANa kahaNA y|| ---piNDaniyukti, gAthA 503-505 / - uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 178 37. (a) vahI, gAthA 505 53. svayaM caturdazapUrvitve'pi yaccaturdazapU[pAdAnaM tat teSAmapi (ba) nandIsUtra sthavirAvalI gAthA, 36 SaTsthAnapatitatvena zeSamAhAtmyasthApanaparamaduSTameva, bhASyagAthA vA (sa) mathurA ke abhilekhoM meM isa zAkhA kA ullekha brahmadAsika zAkhA dvAragAthAdvayAdArabhya lakSyanta iti preryAnavakAza eveti|| ke rUpa meM milatA hai| -uttarAdhyayana TIkA, zAntyAcArya, gAthA 233 38. ujjeNI kAlakhamaNA sAgarakhamaNA suvnnnnbhuumiie| 54. egabhavie ya baddhAue ya abhimuhiyanAmagoe y| iMdo AuyasesaM, pucchai sAdivvakaraNaM c|| ete tinnivi desA davvaMmi ya paaNddriiyss|| - uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 119 / - sUtrakRtAMganiyukti, gAthA 146 39. arahate vaMdittA caudasapuvvI taheva dspuvvii| 55. ye cAdezAH yathA--AryamanAcAryastrividhaM zaGkhamicchati- ekabhavikaM baddhAyuSkamabhimukhanAmagotraM ca, Aryasamudro dvividham- baddhAyuSkamaekkArasaMgasuttatthadhArae savvasAhU y|| - oghaniyukti, gAthA 1 / bhimukhanAmagotraM ca, AryasuhastI ekam- abhimukhanAma gotramiti; 40. zrImatI oghaniyukti, saMpAdaka- zrImadvijayasUrIzvara, prakAzana- jaina - bRhatkalpasUtram, bhASya bhAga1, gAthA 144 granthamAlA, gopIpurA, sUrata, pR0 3-4 56. vahI, SaSThavibhAga, pR0 saM. 15-17 / 41. jeNuddhariyA vijjA AgAsagamA mhaaprinnaao| 57. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 1252-1260 / vaMdAmi ajjavairaM apacchimo jo suahraannN|| 58. vahI, gAthA 85 / - Avazyakaniyukti gAthA, 769 59. jattha ya jo paNNavao kassavi sAhai disAsu ya nnimittN| 59. jattha ya jA paNNavaA kassAva sAhai disAsu yA 42. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 763-774 / jattomuho ya DhAI sA puvvA pacchavo avraa|| - AcArAMganiyukti, gAthA 51 43. apahuttapuhuttAiM niddisiuM etya hoi ahigaaro| caraNakaraNANuogeNa tassa dArA ime huNti|| 60. saptAzvivedasaMkhya, zakakAlamapAsya caitrshuklaadau| -dazavaikAlika niyukti, gAthA 4 ardhAstamite bhAnau, yavanapure saumydivsaaye|| 44. oheNa u nijjuttiM vucchaM crnnkrnnaannuogaao| - paMcasiddhAntikA, uddhRta bRhatkalpasUtram, bhASya SaSThavibhAga, prastAvanA, pR0 17 appakkharaM mahatthaM aNuggahatthaM suvihiyaannN|| -oghaniyukti, gAthA 2 61. bRhatkalpasUtram, SaSThavibhAga, prastAvanA, pR0 18 45. Avazyakaniyukti, gAthA 778-783 / 62. goviMdo nAma bhikkhU... 46. uttarAdhyayananiyukti, gAthA 164-178 / pacchA teNa egidiyajIvasAhaNaM goviMdanijjuttI kyaa|| esa naanntenno|| 47. egabhavie ya baddhAue ya abhimuhiyanAmagoe y| -nizIthacUrNi, bhAga 3, uddezaka 11, sanmati jJAnapITha, AgarA, pR0 260 / ete titrivi desA davvaMmi ya poNddriiyss|| 63. (a) goviMdANaM pi namo, aNuoge viuldhaarnniNdaannN| -sUtrakRtAMganiyukti, gAthA 146 / NiccaM khaMtidayANaM parUvaNe dullbhiNdaannN|| 48. uttarAdhyayana TIkA zAntyAcArya, uddhRta bRhatkalpasUtram bhASya, SaSTha - nandIsUtra, gAthA 81 vibhAga prastAvanA, pR0 12 / 49. vahI, pR0 2 / (ba) Arya skaMdila 50. bRhatkalpasUtram, bhASya SaSThavibhAga, AtmAnanda jaina sabhA, bhAvanagara, Arya himavaMta pR0, 11 / 51. sAvatthI usabhapara seyaviyA mihila ullugaatiirN| Arya nAgArjuna pudimaMtaraMji dasapura rahavIrapuraM ca ngraaii|| coddasa solasa bAsA coddasavIsuttarA ya doNNi sthaa| Arya govinda

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66. jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 - dekheM nandIsUtra sthavirAvalI, gAthA 36-41 / mohakSapakakSINamohajinA: kramazo'saMGkhyeyaguNa nirjraaH|| 64. pacchA teNa egiMdiyajIvasAhaNaM goviMdaNijjattI kyaa| esa nnaanntenno| - tattvArthasUtra (umAsvAti) sukhalAla saMghavI, 9.47 / eva dNsnnpbhaavgstthtttthaa| 71a.NijjuttI NijjuttI esA kahidA mae smaasenn| -nizIthacUrNi, pR0 260 aha vitthAra paMsago'Niyogado hodi nnaadvvo|| 65. niNhayANa vattavvayA bhANiyavvA jahA saamaaiynijjuttiie| AvAsagaNijjuttI evaM kadhidA samAsao vihinnaa| - uttarAdhyayanacUrNi, jinadAsagaNimahattara, vikrama saMvat 1989, No uvajUMjadi NiccaM so siddhiM, jAdi visuddhppaa|| pR0 95 / - mUlAcAra (bhAratIya jJAnapITha) 691-692 / idANiM etesiM kAlo bhaNNati 'cauddasa solasa vIsA' gAhAu do, eso aNNo gaMtho kappadi paDhiduM asjjhaae| idANiM bhaNNati ArAhaNA Nijjutti maraNavimattI ya sNghtthudio| 'coddasa vAsA taiyA" gAthA akkhaannysNghnnii| vahI, pR0 95 / paccakkhANAvasaya dhammakahAo erisa o|| 67. micchaddiTThI sAsAyaNe ya taha sammamicchadiTThI y| - mUlAcAra, 278-279 / avirayasammaddiTThI virayAvirae pamatte y||| (ba) Na vaso avaso avasassakammamAvassayaMti bodhvvaa| tatto ya appamatto niyaTThi aniyaTThi bAyare suhme| jutti tti uvAaMti Na Niravayavo hodi nnijjuttii|| uvasaMta khINamohe hoi sajogI ajogI y|| -mUlAcAra, 515 // - Avazyakaniyukti, (niyuktisaMgraha, pR0 140) 72. Na vaso avaso avasassa kamma vAvassayaM ti bodhvvaa| 68. Avazyakaniyukti (haribhadra) bhAga 2, prakAzaka zrI bherulAla kanhaiyA jutti tti uvAaMti ya Niravayavo hodi nnijuttii|| lAla koThArI dhArmika TrasTa, mumbaI, vIra saM. 2508, pR0 106 -niyamasAra, gAthA 142, lakhanaU, 1931 / 73. dekheM- kalpasUtra, sthavirAvalI vibhaag| 69. sammattupattI sAvae ya virae annNtkmmse| 74. dekheM-mUlAcAra ssddaavshyk-adhikaar| daMsaNamohakkhavae uvasAmaMte ya uvste||| 75. therassa NaM ajja vinhussa mADharassaguttassa ajjakAlae there aMtevAsI khavae ya khINamohe jiNe a seDhI bhave asNkhijjaa| goyamasagutte therassaNaM ajjakAlassa goyamasaguttassa ime duve therA tavvivarIo kAlo saMkhajjaguNAi seddhiie|| aMtevAsI goyamasagutte ajja saMpalie there ajjabhadde, eesi dunhavi -AcArAMganiyukti, gAthA 222-223 (niyuktisaMgraha, pR0441) goyamasaguttANaM ajja buDhe there| 70. samyagdRSTizrAvakaviratAnantaviyojakadarzanamohakSapakopazamakopazAnta - kalpasUtra (muni pyAracandajI, ratalAma) sthavirAvalI, pR0 233 / 107 /