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________________ Having TrekTa naM08 itihAsa meM Parullll bhagavAna mahAvIra kAsthAna U-61897 lekhaka zrI jaya bhagavAna jaina eDavokeTa pAnIpata paMjAba zrI vIra saMbat 2483 kA samayA For EEP DI kA gaNa sake. prakAzaka bAbU lAla jaina jamAdAra pracAra maMtrI aM0 ki0 jaina mizana bar3auta (meraTha) dvitIya zrAvRti) 1657I0 (1000 PalIMMMAHarelu insan IASHANIHAali MEHREE IMAIL
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________________ apanI bAta prastuta pustaka "itihAsa meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA sthAna" Apa ke samakSa dvitIyabAra upasthita karate hue parama harSa hotA hai pra0 vi0 jaina mizana dvArA jitane bhI Tra ekaTa chape haiM unakI samApti nikalate hI ho jAti hai aura unakI mAMga barAbara banI rahatI hai| yaha saba vijJa va jijJAsu pAThakoM kI sar3a bhAvanA kA phala, aura vivekazIla vidvAna lekhakoM kI khoja pUrNa sAmagrI kA lAbha hai | paramapUjya zraddha eya svazrI 108 zrAcArya namisAgara jImahArAja ke jo pravacana di0 jaina kAleja bar3auta ne 14 aMkoM meM chapavAkara vitaraNa kiye the vaha bhI isI prakAra hAthoM hAtha samApta hue aura janatA kI mAMga hama pUrNa na kara sake / isI prakAra Apake mizana ke TraikaToM kI mAMga kI pUrti kI hameM vilA hai / yadi zrApakA sahayoga hameM artha pUrti sahita milatA rahA jaisA hamAre mAnya lA0 rozanalAlajI jaina bajAja bar3auta kI saha preraNA se yaha khoja pUrNa pustaka lA0 maMgala saina phakIracanda jI jaina bar3hauta ne chapavAkara hamAre hAthoM meM pahu~cAI hai isI prakAra Apa bhI hameM khoja pUrNa TrekTa chapavAkara pradAna kara sakate haiM AzA hai Apa apane dainika kharca meM se jinavAsI pracAra meM hameM avazya sahayoga dekara anugrahita kareMge / bAbUlAla jaina jamAdAra digmvara jaina kAlija bar3auta (meraTha) 8-4-57 I0 mudraka:- gopAla priMTiMga presa bar3auta (meraTha)
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________________ itihAsa meM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA sthAna mahAvIra se pUrva kI sthiti - duniyAM ke itihAsa meM IsA se 600 varSa pahalekA kAla Ajake kAla se bahuta kucha milatA julatA huA hai, isa liye usa yuga kI paristhiti, pravRti aura unake pariNAmoMko adhyayana karanA hamArI apanI kaThinAiyoM ko hala karane ke lie bahuta jarUrI hai / yaha vaha jamAnA thA, jaba mAnava jIvana mAnasika, dhArmika aura sAmAjika rUr3hiyoM se jakar3A huA thA / usake/vikAsakA svAbhAvika sota bahate bahate kartavyavimUr3hatA se rukakara Thahara gayA thA / vaha aneka devI devatAoM kI pUjA prArthanA karate karate apanI gulAmI se Uba cukA thA aura jAtI varNaM tathA dharmaM ke nAma para lar3ate jhagar3ate usakA mana thaka gayA thA - | taba AjAdI kI bhAvanAyeM uTha uTha kara use vAcAla banA rahI thiiN| taba usakA mana kisI aise satya aura hakIkata kI tAlAza meM ghUma rahA thA, jise pAkara vaha sahaja siddha sukha zAnti aura sundaratA kA zrAbhAsa kara sake, taba vaha kisI aisI duniyA kI racanA meM lagA thA, jahAM vaha sabake sAtha mila jula kara sukhakA jIvana bitA sake / * yaha jamAnA duniyA kI tavArIkha meM mAnasika jAgRti, dhArmika krAnti aura sAmAjika uthala-puthala kA yuga thA / usa jamAne ne pUrva aura pazcima sabhI dezoM meM aneka mahApuruSoM ko janma diyA thA / taba yorupa meM pAIthegorasa aura eziyA meM kamphyUsasa, lAmotja jaise mAmA ne janma liyA thA / usa samaya hindustAna meM bhagavAna mahAvIra zrama0 buddha ne isa jAgRti meM vizeSa bhAga liyA thA /
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________________ ( 2 ). usa jamAneke bhAratameM tIna bar3I bar3I vicAra .. ... ..... ... ... .. jinheM hama Aja devatAvAda, jar3avAda aura adhyAtmavAdake nAma se pukAra sakate hai| pahalI dhArA vaidika RSiyoMkI usa hairatabharI nigAha se paidA huI thI jo prAkRtika dRzyoM aura camatkAroM ko dekha dekha kara unameM manuSyoMtara divya zaktiyoMkA bhAna karA rahIM thIM / dUsarI dhArA vyavahAra kuzala logoM kI usa TuniyAvI dRSTi kI upaja thI, jo manuSya ke aihika-jIvana ko sukhI aura sampanna dekhanA cAhatI thii| tIsarI dhArA vItarAgI zramaNoMke una bharapUra hRdayoMse nikalI thI, jo isa niHsAra, dukhamaya jIvana se pare kisI akSaya amara saccidAnanda jIvanakA AbhAsa kara rahe the / inhIM lInoM dhArAoM ke saMgamapara bhagavAna mahArvIra kA janma huA thA / yadyapi usa samaya yaha tInoM vicAradhArAyeM apanI apanI parAkASThA ko pahu~ca cukI thIM-devatAvAda meM "ekameva advitIya Ibhara'kA bhAna ho cukA thA, jar3avAda apane laukika abhyudaya ke lakSya ko cakravartIyoM kI nirvAdha samRddhisampanna ekachatra rASTrIyatA kI UcAI taka uTha cukA thA aura adhyAtamavAda 'nirvikalpakaivalyaM' jaise AtmA ke sarvocca Adarzako' pAkara paramAtmada kI siddhi kara cukA thaa| vaha 'so'ham' aura tatvamasi ke mamtroMkI dIkSA dekara sarvasAdhAraNa haiM AtmA aura paramAtmAkI ekatA ko mAnya banA cukA thA-parantu kAladoSase bigar3akara usa samaya yaha tInoM dhArAyeM apane apane sallakSya, sadjJAna aura satpuruSArtha ko choDa kara kevala UparI camatkAroM, maukhika vitaNDAvAdoM aura rUr3hika kriyAkANDoMmeM phaMsa gaI thIM / ahaMkAra vimUr3hatA aura durAgrahane inheM terA-tIna kiyA huA thaa| inake poSaka aura upAsaka kucha bhI racanAtmaka kArya na karake kevala apanI stuti aura dUsaroM kI nindA karane meM hI apanekI kRtkRtya mAna rahe the| pakSapAta itanA bar3ha gayA thA ki sabhI saccAI ke eka pahalUko dekhate jo unheM mAnya thA, anya sabhI pahalamoM kI ve abahelanA karate the-ye saba ekAntavAdI bane the / inakI buddhi kUTastha ho calI thii| taba iname na dUsaroM ke vicAroM ko sunane aura samajhana kI sahanazIlatA thI na dUsaroM ko apanAnekI udAratA
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________________ ma jamAne kI paristhiti ke sAtha badalane sudharane aura mAge bar3hane kI tAkata thii| taba inake dilo meM saMkIrNatA. jabAna meM kaTutA aura bartAva meM hiMsA bharI thiiN| aise vAtAvaraNa meM jAta-pAta aura varNavyavasthA ke saMkIrNa bhAvoMkoM phalane phUlane kI khUva AjAdI milI thii| taba janma ke AdhAra para chuTAI bar3AI kI kalpanAoMne bhAratIya janatAko neka Tukar3o meM bAMTa diyA thaa| bhArata kI mUla jAtiyoM kI dazA jo mAvavatA ke kSetrase nikAla kara kSudratA ke gaDDhe meM dhakela dI gaI thI, pazuoM se bhI pare thii| unheM apane vikAsa ke liye dhArmika, rASTi ka aura samAjika koI bhI adhikAra aura suvidhAe~ prApta na thii| taba dharma ke nAma para saba ora hiMsA, vilAsitA aura zithilAcAra bar3ha rahA thaa| mAMsa, madirA aura mathuna vyasana khUba phela rahe the, strI goyA svaMya manuSya na hokara manuSya ke liye bhogavastu banI huI thii| bahuta se vimUDha ana nadiyoM meM DUbakara, parvatoM se gira kara, agni meM jalakara, svahatyA dvArA apanA kalyANa mAnate the / vyartha ke andhavizvAsoM kriyAkANDoM aura vidhi-vidhAnoM meM samAja ke dhana, samaya aura zaktikA hAsa ho rahA thaa| taba dharma saudhesAde prAcAra kI cIja na rahakara jaTila prADambara kI tijAratI cIja bana gaI thI, jo yajJa-havana karAkara devI-devatAnoM se, dAna-dakSiNA de kara purohita pujAriyoM se kharIdI jA rahI thiiN| _____ usa samaya bhArata ke zramaNa sAdhu bhI vikArase khAlI na the| una meM se bahuta se to Rddhi-siddhike camakAro meM par3akara haThayoga ke anuyAyI bane the| bahuta se sAdhuoM jaisA bAharI raMgarUpa banAkara rahane meM hI apane ko siddhamAnate the| bahuta se tanakI bAharI zuddhiko hI adhika pradhAnatA de rahe the| bahuta se sukha zaulatA meM par3akara thothI saiddhAntika carcAmoM aura vAkasaMgharSa meM hI apane samayako vitA rahe the| bahaMta se dambha aura bhaya se itane bhare the ki be dUsaroM ko adhyAtma vidyA dene meM apanI hAni samajhane lage the| bhArata kI isa paristhiti meM aba dharma ke nAma para mAnavatAkA khUna aura
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________________ AtmAkA zoSaNa ho rahA thA' saba hI hRdayoM me pracilata vizvAsa manyatAoM aura pravRttiyoM ke virUddha eka vidroha kI lahara jAga rahI thI vicAroM meM uthala.puthala macI thI, sthitipAlakoM aura sUdhArakoM meM saMgharSa cala rahA thaa| isa saMgharSa ke phalasvarUpa taba sabhI dhArAgoM ke vidvAna apane apane siddhAntoM kI saMbhAla, zodha aura unake ikTTA karane meM lage the| eka tarapha vaidika paramparAkI rakSA ke liye yAskAcArya, zaunaka aura AzvalAyana jaise vidvAna paidA ho rahe the| dUsarI tarapha vaidika saMskRtiko miTAne aura bhautika saMskRtiko phailAne liye jar3avAda ke prasiddha AcArya ajitakezakambalI aura vRhaspati maidAna meM Arahe the| tIsarI bhautikavAda kI nissAratA dikhAne ke lie akSapAda gautama jaise nyAyadarzanako janma de rahe the| inake sAtha hI sAtha maskarI gozAla' saMjaya, prakaddha, kAtyAyana aura pUrNakazyapa jaise kitanehI AdhyAtmika tatvavettA apane apane DhaMga se jIvana aura jagata kI gutthiyoM ko sulajhAne meM lage the| jainadharma kA uddhAra aura tatkAlIna sthitI kA sudhAra __ aise bAtAvaraNa meM logoM ke diloM meM samatA, mana meM udAratA, bartAva meM sahiSNutA aura jIvana meM samaya madAcAra bharane ke liye bhagavAna mahAbIrane apane Adarza jIvana aura upadeza.dvArA jisa zramaNa saMskRtikA punaruddhAra kiyA thA vaha unake pIche jainadharma ke nAma se prasiddha huii| bhagavAna mahabIra isa dhama ke koI mUla-pravarsakana the, vaha usake uddhAraka hI the, kyoki yaha rdhama unase bahuta pahale,vaidika AryagaNa ke Ane se bhI pahile yahA~ ke mUlavAsI draviDaM aura nAga logoM meM arhata, yati,vrAtya jina, nirgrantha athavA zramaNa saMskRtike nAma se barAbara jArI thA aura pIche se videha aura magadha dezoM meM Akara basane vAle sUryavaMzI AryagaraNa se apanAyA jAkara Aryadharma meM badala gayA thaa| yaha dharma bhArata bhUmikI aisI hI maulika upaja hai, jaise ki yahAM ke zaiva aura zAtka nAma ke prAcIna dharma isa aitihAki saccAI ko mAnane ke lie go zurU zurU meM aitihAsajJoM ko bar3I kaTinatA uThAnI par3I kintu Aja prAcIna sAhitya aura purAtasvakI naI khojoM se yaha bAta dina para dina adhika pramANita hotI jA
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________________ rahI haiM ki jainadharma bhArasa ke mUlavAsI dravir3a logoM kA dharma hai'| aura mahAvIra se bhI pahile isa dharma ke pracAraka RSabhadeva Adi 23 tIrtha kara aura ho cuke haiM / inameM se ariSTanemi aura pArzvanAtha to Aja bahuta aMzoM meM aitihAsika vyakti bhI siddha ho cuke haiN| zramaNa-saMskRti sadA hI jIvana-vikAsa ke liye sAta tatvoMko mukhyatA detI rahI hai-AtmavizvAsa, mAnasika udAratA, saMyama anAsatki ahiMsA, pavitratA aura samatA / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne inheM hI sAdhana-dvArA apane jIvana meM utArA thA aura inhI kI sabako zikSAdIkSA dI thii| yahI sAta adhyAtmika tatva prAja jaina dArzamikoMkI bauddhika paribhASA meM jIva, ajIva, pAstraba, bauMdha, saMvara, nijarA aura mokSa ke nAma se prasiddha varNavyavasthA aura mAnavatA bhagavAna ne sAmAjika kSetra meM janma ke AdhAra para bane hue mAnavI bheda-bhAvoMkA ghora virodha kiyaa| unhoM ne batAyA ki janma kI apekSA sabhI manuSya samAna haiM / sabhI eka jAti ke haiM, kyoMki saba hI eka samAna garbha meM rahate haiM, eka samAna hI paidA hote haiN| sabake zarIra aura aMgopAGga bhI eka samAna haiM, kinhIM do baNoM ke samAgamase manuSya hI utpanna hotA hai| isalie manuSyoM meM janma kI apekSA vibhinna jAtiyoM kI kalpanA karanA kudaratI niyama ke khilApha haiN| janma se koI bhI brAhmaNa. kSatriya, zilpI aura cora nahIM hote ve saba apane kama, svabhAva aura guNoMse hI aise hote haiN| manuSyoM meM zreSThatA aura nIcatA unake apane prAcAra vicAra para hI nirbhara haiN| jo loga kula, gotra varNa adi loka vyavahRta saMjJAoM ke abhimAno ko chor3e binA manuSya na apanA hita kara sakatA hai, na dUsaroM kA / devatAvAda aura adhyAtmavAda dhama kSetra meM to yahAM kI Ama janatA purAnI rUr3hiyoM ko anuyAyI hone se ajIba andhavizrAsoM pIra mUDha prathAoM meM phaMsI huI thii| anArya . 1/- (a) Prof. Belvalkar--Brahma Sutra P. 107.
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________________ loga roga, marI, durbhikSa jalabAr3ha, prAndhI tUphAna, bhUkampa, jvAlaspho:, TiDDIdala, cUhe aura sA~pa Adike bhayAnaka upadravoM ko aneka krUrakarmA rudra svabhAva devI-devatAoM kI zaktiyA~ kalpita karate the aura una kI zAnti ke lie aneka prakAra ke ghinAvane tAntrika vidhAna pazuvali aura naramedhakA prayoga karate the| vaudika prArthoM ke devatA yadyapi inakI apekSA saumya aura sudara the parantu dRSTi vahI Adhidaivika thii| ye inasAnI jindagI ko sukha-sampatti dene bAlI indra, agni, vAyu varuNa, sUrya Adi devatAoM ko mAnate the| isa liye dhana dhAnyakI prApti, putra pautroM kI utpatti, dIrghAyu ArogyatAko siddhI zatra vijaya Adi kI bhAvanApro se una devatAoM ko yajJoM-dvArA khUba santuSTa karate the| ina yajJoMmeM banaspati ghI Adi sAmagrIke alAvA pazuoM kI bhI khUba bali dI jAtI thii| isa taraha vizvAsoM ne manuSyoko atmavizrAsa aura puruSArtha se hIna banA kara devatAoM kA dAsa hI banAdiyA thaa| isa hAlatase ubhArane ke liye mahAbIra ne batalAyA thA ki manuSya kA darjA devatAoM se bahuta ucAM haiM / manuSya apane buddhibala aura yogabala se na kevala devatAoMko apane AdhIna kara sakatA hai balki ve kAma bhI kara sakatA hai, jo devatAoM ke lie asambhava haiM manuSya yogasAdhanAse pariNabhA, garimA Adi aneka siddhiyoM ko hAsila kara sakatA haiM aura apane ko paramAtmA taka se milA sakatA hai| manuSyakA sukha duHkha devatAoM ke AdhIna nahIM hai| balki svayaM apanI hI vRttiyoM aura kRtiyoM ke AdhIna hai-jo jaisA karma karatA hai vaisA hI phala pAtA hai karma se hI svarga aura karmase hI naraka milatA hai| isaliye manuSya ko kama karane meM bar3A sAvadhAna honA cAhiye saMsAra ke sabhI jIva (9) Prof. Hermann Jacobi-S. B. E. Vol. XLV Jaiua Sutras Part 11, 1895-Introduction pp. XIV-XXXVI. (i) R. B. Ramprasad Chanda-Survival of the Prehistoric civilisation on the indus Valley-pp. 25-33.
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________________ svabhAva se saumya aura zreSTha haiM, UrdhvagAmI haiN| sabhI meM paramAtmatva prota prota hai-antara kevala unake vikAsa meM haiM / jIvoM kA yaha vikAsa jahA~ unake nijI bhAvoM para nirbhara haiM vahA~ bAhirake dravya, kSetra aura kAla para bhI nirbhara hai| isa bhItara aura vAhirakI sthitikA ApasameM bar3A ghaniSTha sambandha hai / ekakA prabhAva dUsare para nirantara par3atA rahatA haiN| ina sthitiyoMkI prati kUlatA meM jIvakA patana hotA haiM aura inakI anukUlatA meM uddhAra hotA hai| isa lie manuSya ko ucita hai ki vaha apane bhAvoMke sudhAra ke sAthaapane deza kAla kA bho sudhAra karatA rhe| vAstava meM lokakA sudhAra apanA hI sudhAra hai aura parakI sevA apanI hI sevA hai| saMsAra meM jIvako jitanI jitanI mAtrA meM svatantratA, subhitA sahAyatA aura neka sujhAva milate cale jAte hai| usakA jIvana utanA hI vikasita hotA calA jAtA haiN| isa liye manuSya kA sabase bar3A dharma yaha hai ki vaha saba jIvoMkoM apane samAna samajhe aura apane samAna hI unake sAtha ma trI kA vyavahAra kare / jo jIva duHkhI aura bhayabhIta haiM, parAdhIna aura asahAya haiM unake sAtha dayA kA vyavahAra kre| jo apane se guNoMkI apekSA bar3e haiM una ke prati zraddhA aura pramodakA vartAva kre| jo jIva viparItabuddhi vA durvyavahArI haiM. unase bhI kSubhita hokara hiMsAkA vyavahAra na kareM, balki unheM roga aura vikAragrasta samajha kara unake sAtha mAdhyasthavRtti se cikitsakake samAna bartAva kare / ekAntavAda aura anekAntavAda vicArakoM ke haThAgraha, pakSapAta aura ekAnta-paddhatike kAraNa logoM meM jo ahaMkAra, saMkIrNatA, manomAlinya, kalaha kleza bar3ha rahe the, unheMne bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dhyAnako vizeSarUpa se AkarSita kiyA thA, bhagavAnane isa ekAnta paddhatiko hI jJAna-avarodha, mAnasika saMkIrNatA, hArdika dveSa aura maukhika vitaNDoMkA kAraNa ThaharA kara isakI kaThora samAlocanA kI thI aura batalAyA thA ki satya, jise jAnane kI saba meM jijJAsA banI hai, jisake samyakjJAnase muktikI siddhi hotI hai, bahuta hI gahana aura gambhIra hai, vaha aneka apekSAoM kA puJja hai, aneka
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________________ virodhoM kA saMgama hai, vaha satyAsatya nitya nityAnitya. ekAneka sAmAna vizeSa jIvAjIva RtaanRta prAdi vibhinna dvandoM ko raMga bhUmi hai vaha bhItara aura bAhara saba ora phailA hayA hai, vaha anAdi aura annata hai, vaha hamArI sArI bauddhika mAnyatAmoM aura vidhiniSedharUpa sAre zabdavAkyoM se bahuta Upara hai| vaha anekAntamaya hai, isa liye usake adhyayana meM hameM bahuta hI udAra honA cAhiye aura tatsambandhI sabhI vicAroM ko samajhane, apanAne aura samanvaya karane kI koziza karanI cAhiye / bhagavAnake prati logoMkI zraddhA ___ isa taraha mahAvIrakA jIvana itanA tapasvI, tyAgapUrNa, dayAmaya, sarala aura pavitra thA, unake vicAra itane udAra, vyApaka aura samanvayakAra the, unake siddhAnta aise aAzA pUrNa utsAha vardhaka aura zAntidAyaka the ki vaha apane jIvanakAla meM hI ahamta, sarvajJa, tIrthakara Adi nAmoM se prasiddha ho cale the| kevalajJAnaprAptike pIche vaha bhArata ke pUrva pacchima' uttara, madhya aura dakSiNa ke dezoM meM jahA~ kahIM bhI gaye sabhI rAjA aura raMka, patita zrora pratiSThana, brAhmaNa aura kSatriya' vaizya aura zUdra, purUSoM aura striyoM ne unakA khUba svAgata kiyA sabhI ne unake upadezoM ko apanAyA aura sabhI unake mArga ke anuyAyI bne| inameM vaizAlI ke rAjA ceTaka, aGgadeza ke rAjA kuriNaka, kaliGga ke rAjA jitazatru vatsa ke rAjA zatAnIka, sindhu-sauvIra ke rAjA udayana, magadha ke samrATa zraNika bimbasAra, dakSiNa hemAgadaka rAjA jIva dhara vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| inake atirikta samrATa zreNika ke abhayakRmAra, vAriSeNa Adi 13 rAja kumAra aura nandA,nandapratI Adi 13 rAniyA~ tathA uparokta rAjAoM meMse udayana aura jIvaMdhara to unake samAna hI jinadIkSA le jaina zramaNa bana gye| inake alAvA vaidika bADU mayake pAraMgata vidvAna indrabhUti, agnimUti, vAyubhUti aura skandaka jaise apanI saikar3oM kI ziSya 1 (a) bA0 kAmatAprasAda-bhagavAna mahAvIra aura mahAbIra madAtmA buddha pR0 65-66 (mA) pa0 kalyANa vijaya - zrasaraNa bhagavAna mahAvIra tIsarA parichenda
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________________ maNDalI sahita tathA zAlibhadra dhanyakumAra' prItaMkara mAdi magadha dhanakubera vidya cara, jana jaise DAkU aura caNDa kauzika jaisemahApAtaka bhI unake dvArA dIkSitra ho jainamuni ho gye| usa samaya una kI mAnyatA itano itano bar3hI car3hI thI ki vaha sabhI ke liye anupama Ardaza dharma avatAra ho gaye the| sabhI ke liye paramazAnti, paramajJAna paramAnanda aura vizvakalyANa ke pratIka bana gaye the| usa jamAne ke loga unake prardiza jIvana ko hI dUsare zramaNa arhantoM kI pUrNatA aura sarvajJatA jAcane ke lie mApadaNDa kI taraha kAma meM lAte the| usa samaya ke logoM kI bhagavAna ke prati kitanI zraddhA aura bhakti thI, isa bAta kA andAjA lagAne ke liye itanA kahanA hI kAphI hogA ki bhArata ke aitihAsika yuga meM saba se pahalA mamvat jo kAyama huA vaha / inhIM ke nirvANa kI zubha smRti meM kAyama huA thaa| yaha saMvat Aja bhI vIra-saMvat ke nAma se jaina logoM meM pracalita hai| kucha vidvAnoM kA mata haiM ki dvApara yuga meM mahArAja yudhiSThira ke rAjyArohaNakI smRtimeM bhI eka saMvan bhArata meM jArI huA thA. parantu isakA aitihAsika yuga se koI sambandha nahIM hai| inhIM ke nivAraNa ke upalakSameM dIpAvalI parva kI sthapanA huI / cUki inakA nirvANa kArtika kRSNA 14 kI rAtri ke antima pahara meM huaA thA arthAt caudaza va amAvasyA tithi ke saMgama para humA thA isalie choTI bar3I divAlI ke nAma se donoM dina parva ke dina bana gaye ghara-bAra kI saphAI karanA / unheM sajAnA, dIpamAlikA jagAnA, miThAI 1 (a) Dr. B. C. Law-Historical gleanings P.78 (A) Bulher-Indian Sect of the Jainas P. 132 imajjhima niphAya 14 vA suta, aGgattara nikAya 1-220 (a) mahA0 hIracanda mojhA bhAratIya prAcIna lipi.mAlA / pR0 2 ,3 (mA) lokamAnya tilaka sana 1904 meM jainakAnphareMsa meMdiyA huA 'bhASaNa / /
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________________ ( 10 ) aura khIla vitaraNa karanA samoSaraNa (haDDI gharoMTA ) kI racanA vara use pUjanA | lakSmI aura gaNeza kI pUjA isa parva ke vizeSa aMga haiM / bhagavAna ke tapasyA kAla kI ba~gAla prAntagata yaha paryaTana bhUmi jo kabhI rADa athabA lAr3a nAma se prasiddha thI, inhIM ke vIra athavA vardhamAna nAmoM ke kAraNa Ajataka siMhaM bhUma, mAna bhUma bIrabhUma aura vardavAna ke nAma se prasiddha haiM' / bhArata ke dharmoM meM jainadharma kA sthAna bhagavAna ne apane jIva kAla meM jisa dharma kI dezanA kI thI vaha una ke nirvAraNa ke bAda unake anuyAyI aneka tyAgI aura tapatvI mahAtmAnoM ke prabhAva ke kAraNa aura bhI adhika phailA / vaha phailate 2 bhArata ke saba hI dezoM meM pahu~ca gayA maura saba ho jAtiyoM ke logoM ne isase zikSA dIkSA grahaNa kI / yadyapi isa dharma ke mAnane bAloM kI saMkhyA Aja kevala 30 lAkha ke lagabhaga hai aura yaha dharma Ajakala adhikatara vaizya jAtiyoM ke logoM meM hI phailA huA dikhAI detA hai parantu isase yaha mrAnti kadApi na honI cAhiye, ki yaha dharma sadA se laghusaMkhyaka logoM dvArA hI bhArata meM apanAyA gayA athavA yaha dharma sadA se vaizya logoM meM hI pracalita rahA hai / nahIM - sAhitya, zilAlekha, purAtatva aura smArakoM ke agaNita pramANoM se yaha bAta pUre taura para siddha hai ki yaha dharma bhArata ke uttara-dakSiNa meM kAmboja gAndhAra aura balakha se lekara sihaMla dvIpa taka aura pazcima pUratra meM aMga- baMga se lekara sindhu surarASTra taka sabahI sthAnoM aura jAtiyoM meM phailA huA thA, aura isake mAnane bAloM kI saMkhyA IsA kI 16 vIM sadI arthAt gala samrATa akavara kezAsana kAla taka karor3a se bhI adhika rahI haiM / bAstava meM isa dharmaM kA udbhava kSatriya vIroM kI yogasAdhanA se huA hai (a) N. L. Dey. Ancient Indian Geographical Dictionary P. 164 (zrA) nAgendranAtha vasta~ bagalA vizvakopa 1621
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________________ ( 11 ) * unhIM ke rAjavaMzoMkI saMrakSatA meM IsA kI 16 vIM sadI taka isakA utkarSa hotA rahA hai bhArata ke aitihAsika yuga meM IsA pUrva kI chaTI sadI se lekara arthAta bhagavAna mahAvIra kAlase ImAkI pahilI sadI taka hana isa dharma ko lagAtAra videha deza ke likhI ora malla jAtike kSatriyoM meM pragadhake zizunAga, nanda aura maurya rAjavaMzoM meM, madhmabhAratake kAzI, kauzala, vatsa, avanti aura mathurA ke rAjya zAsakoM meM kaliMga ke rAjavaMzI samrATa khAravela Adi ke rAjatrarAnoM meM, surASTra rAjapUtAnA ke logoM meM, uttara meM gAndhara takSazilA Adi dezoM meM, dakSiNake pANDya, pallava, cera, cola Adi tAmila dezoM meM hama isa dharmako eka AdaraNIya dharmake rUpa me sarvatra phailA huA dekhate haiM / mauryasAmrAjya ke vikhara jAneke uparAnta, IsApUrva kI dUsarI badI meM jo yUnAnI, iNDo sIthiyana athavA zaka jAti ke loga eka dUsare ke bAda uttarIya dezoM se Akara bhArata ke pazcima uttara ke paMjAba, sindha, mAlavA zrAdi prA~toM ke adhikArI ho gaye the, ve bhI jaina dharma se kAfI prabhAvita huve the' | bhArata ke prasiddha yavana rAjA manendra ( Men rander). jo jaina zramaNoM ke prati bar3I zraddhA rakhate the- 'apane antima jIvana meM jaina dharma meM dAkSita ho gaye the / kSatrapa nahapAna bhI jainadharmake bar3e premI the| unake sambandha meM vidvAnoMkA vicAra hai ki vaha jaina dharma meM dIkSita hokara bhUtabalI nAma ke eka digambara jaina AcArya bana gaye the jinhoM ne paTa khaNDAgama zAstrako racanA kI thI 3 mathurA ke prasiddha jaina purAtala se siddha haiM ki kaniSka, huviSka aura vAsudeva zaka rAjAoM ke zAsana kAlaneM jaina dharma kI mAnyatA bahuta phailI huI thI / madhyakAlIna yuga meM bhI yaha dharma rAjapUtAne ke rAThora, parabhAra, cauhAna aura gujarAta tathA dakSiNa ke g2aga, kadamba, rASTrakUTa, cAlukya, kalacUrI aura hoyasala Adi rAjavanzoM kA rAjadharma rahA hai| gupta zrAndhra aura vijayanagara sAmrAjya kAla meM bhI isa dharma ko rAjya zAsakoM kI ora se sadA sammAna milatA rahA hai / yaha inhIM kI saMrakSatA aura protsAhanakA phala hai ki jaina 1 Dr. B. C Law Historical Gleaningsr. 78 25. barSa do, pR0 446.446 4 3 bA0 kAmatAprasAda - digambaratva pR0 120
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________________ dharma madhyayugameM zravaNa benagola aura kArakala kI vizAlakAya gommaTezvarakI mUtiyoM aura aAbU parvata ke dilavAr3A mandira, cittor3agar3ha ke jainakIrtisthambha jaise loka prasiddha smArakoM ko paidA kara sakA hai / aura samantabhadra siddha-cena divAkara, siddhasaina gaNi, pUjayapAda devanandI, akalaMka-deva, vidyAnandI, vArasaina, jinasaina, somadeva, mANikyanandI, prabhAcandra, hemacandra, haribhadrasUrI, nemIcandra si. cakravarti Adi racita aneka sAhitya aura darzanazAstra ke amUlya ratnoM ko janma de sakA hai| . jainadharma aura vAhira ke deza jainadharmako na kevala bhAratameM, valki bhAratase pAhiMra ke dezoM se bhI samparka rakhane, vahA~ para sanmAna pAne aura vahA~ ke saMskRki-prabAhako prabhAvita karane kA sadA gaurava prApta rahA hai| mahAvaMza' nAmaka bauddhagraMthase sAbita 1 Prot Buhler, An Indian sect of the Jaiu is p. 37 1 havAga svAMga ne sAtavIM sadI meM madhyaeziyA ke jisa (Caspin) nagara meM aneka nigraMtha sAdhuoM ko dekhA thA, usI nagara meM sikandara ke yUnAniyoM ne bhI aneka nigraMtha sAdhuoM ko dekhaa| 2 zrAdra kumAra nAmakA rAjakumAra IrAna deza kA vAsI thaa| vaha bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA jaina dharma meM dIkSita huaA thA, usane IrAna deza meM jAkara jaina dharma kA pracAra kiyA aura jaina mUrtiyoM kI sthApanA kraaii| 3 Pythagoras 580 ImavI pUrva meM paidA hue the isake anuyAyI eziyA mAInara meM Ayoniyana sampradAya ke the / madhya eziyAke kaisapima, zramama samarakanda, balakha Adi nagaroM meM jaina dharma kA pracAra rahA hai / 4 Dr. B. C. Law-Historical Gleanings. p 42. . (zrA) paM0 sundaralAla-kivazvANI apraila 1942p.464 (i) Sir William James-Asiatic Researchesvol III p.6: (I) Megasthenes -Ancient India p. 104 (u) bA0 kAmatA prasAda-dinambaratva aura digambara muni pR0 111 113, 243
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________________ ( 13 ) hai ki 437 I. pUrva meM siMhaladIpa ke rAjA ne apanI rAjadhAnI anarUdapurameM jaina mandira aura jainamaTa banavAye the, jo 400 sAla taka kAyama rahe / itanA hI nahIM bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya se lekara IsA kI pahalI sadI taka madhya eziyA' aura laghu eziyA ke aphagA. nistAna, IrAna, IrAka, filistIna, sIriyA Adi dezoM ke sAtha pathavA madhyasAgara se nikaTavarti yUnAna, mizra, ithopiyA (Ethopia) aura ebI. sIniyA adi dezoM ke sAtha jaina zramaNoM kA samparka barAbara banA rahA haiM / yUnAnI lekhakoM ke kathana se nahA~ yaha siddha hai ki pAyethegorasa (Pytha goras) pairraraho (Pyrrho) DAijinesa (Diogenes) jaise yUnAnI tattavetAoM ne bhArata meM Akara jaina zramaNoM se zikSAdIkSa grahaNa kI thI yahA~ yaha bhI siddha hai ki yUnAnIbAdazAha sikandara mahAna ke sAtha bhArata se tjAne vAle jaina RSi kalyANa ke samAna saikaDoM jainabhamaNa samaya samaya para ukta dezoM meM jAkara apane dharma kA pracAra karate rahe haiM aura una dezoM meM apane maTha banAkara rahate rahe haiN| jaina sAhita se bhI vidita hai ki maurya samrATa azoka ke pote samrATa, samprati ne IsA pUrva kautIsarI sadI meM bahuta se jaina zramaNoM ko jainadharma pracArArtha anArya dezoM meM bhijavAyA thaa| jainadharma aura IsAIdharma kitane hI vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki prabhu IsAne inhIM zramaNoMse jo bahuta bar3I saMkhyA meM philistInake andara apane maTha banAkara rahate the, adhyAtmavidyAke rahasyako pAyA thA aura inhIMke Ardaza para calakara usane apane jIvana kI zuddhiartha Atma-vizvaprema, jIva-dayA,mArdava, kSamA, saMyama, aparigraha prAyazcitta, samatA Adi dharmoM kI sAdhanA kI thii| isase bhI Age bar3hakara aneka prAmANika yuktiyoMke AdhAra para aba vidvAnoMko yaha nizcaya 1-zrI hemacandrAcArya kRta pariziSTa parva zloka 66-102 2-paM0 sundaralAla-hajarata IsA aura IsAI dharma pR0 22 3-50 sundaralAla hajarata IsA aura dharma / 162
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________________ ( 14 ) hotA jA rahA hai ki IsA jaba 13 sAla ke hue aura ghara vAloM ne unakI zAdI kI salAha karanA zuru kI, to vaha ghara chor3a kara kucha saudAgaroM kesAtha sindhake rAste hindustAna meM cale Aye vaha janma se hI bar3e vicAraka aura satya ke khojI the aura duniyAke bhoga-vilAsoMse udAsIna the| yahAM Akara ve bahuta dinoM taka jainazramaNoM ke sAtha bhI rahate rahe, bauddha bhikSoMke sAtha bhI rahate rahe, phira ve naipAla aura himAlaya hote hue IrAna cale gaye aura vahAM se apane dezameM jAkara unhoMne ahiMsA aura vizvaprema pracAra zurU kara diyA / prabhu IsAne apane AcAra-vicAra ke mUla tatvoMkI zikSA zramaNoM se pAI thI, isa bAta se bhI siddha hai ki unhoMne apane upadezo meM jina tIna vilakSaNa siddhAntoM para jora diyA hai ve devatApradhAna yahUdI saMskRtisa sambandha nahIM rakhate, ve to bhArata kI zramaNa saMskRtike hImUla AdhAra haiN| ve haiM AtmA aura paramAtmA kI ekatA, AtmAkA amaratva, AtmakA divyajIvana / IsA sadA apaneko IzvarakA beTA kahA karate the / jaba AdamI una se pUchate ki Izvara kahAM hai to apanI ora 1. Bible ST. John. 5-18. 2. , , 8-19. 3, 10-30. "He that hath seen me hath seen the father, Believeth those not that I am in the father and the Father in me' ? 14-8.10. ("1 and my Father are one") 4. Bible-St. John. 8-56.59. (Verilv, verily. I say unto you, before Abraham 5. Bible St. John. 10-25. "I am the resurrection and the life, he that believeth in me though, he were dead, yat shall he live''.
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________________ ( 15 ) , saMketa karake kahate ki vaha svayaM Izvara kA sAkSAt rUpa hai, jo use dekhate aura jAnate haiM ve Izvara ko dekhate aura jAnate haiM " cUMki baha aura Izvara donoM eka haiM / vaha apane upadezoM meM punarjanma aura amara jIvana ke siddhAntoM para bhI kAphI prakAza DAlA karate the / vaha kahA karate the ki yaha merA pahalA janma nahIM hai, maiM abase pahile bhI maujUda thA - hajarata abrAhamake samayameM bhI maujUda thaa| jo jIvanako amaratA aura punarjanma meM yakIna karegA vaha kabhI nahIM mregaa| binA punarjanmake siddhAntoM ko mAne divya sAmrAjya kI bhI prApti nahIM ho sakatI' | divya sAmrAjya (Kingdom of heaven ) se unako murAdA jIvana kI usa avasthAse thI jaba manuSya apanI samasta icchAoM vAsanAoM, kaSAyoM ko vijaya karake apanA svAmI ho jAtA hai, janma-maraNa ke silasile ko khatama karake akSaya sukha aura mRtakA mAlika ho jAtA hai / ye ukta siddhAnta philistIna meM basane vAlI yahUdI jAtikI pracalita mAnyatAoM se bilkula vibhinna the, yahUdI loga inake pracAra ko nAstikatA samajhate the aura ina siddhAntoM ke pracAra ko rokane ke lie ve sadA prabhu IsAko IMTa pattharoM se mArane ko tayyAra rahate the / inhIM siddhAntoM ke pracAra ke kAraNa prabhu IsA ko pakar3akara unake viruddha abhiyoga calAyA gayA thA aura unheM sUlI kI sajA milI thI / prabhu IzA ko apane jina AdhyAtmika AcAra-vicAroM ke kAraNa umara bhara apane dezavAsiyoM se pIr3A aura yantraNA sahanI par3I, vahI pIche se dezavAsiyoM kI sadbuddhi 1. Bible-St. Johan.3-3 "Verily verily I say unto you except a man be born again, he cannot see the Kingdom of God. 2. paM0 sundaralAla - hajarata IsA aura IsAI dharma pR0 133 -140
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________________ ( 16 ) dvArA apanAye jAkara aura deza kI purAnI yahUdI saMskRti kI aneka mAnyatAoM aura prathAoM se milakara IsAI dharma ke rUpameM prakaTa hue / vAstava meM IsAI dharma zramaNasaMskRtikA hI yahUdI saMskaraNa hai bhArata aura jaina saMskRti jahAM taka bhArata kA savAla hai, usake jIvana para to jaina saMskRti ne bahuta hI gaharA pramAva DAlA hai, jaisA ki lokamAnya tilaka kA mata hai-'isake ahiMsA tatvane to bhAratIya rahana sahana para eka amiTa chApa lagAI hai| pUrva-kAla meM yajJoM ke liye jo asaMkhya pazuoM kI balI hotI tho vaha jaina ahiMsA ke pracAra se hI banda huI haiM / ' isa dharma ne yahAM ke khAna pAna meM bhI bahuta var3A sudhAra kiyA hai / bhAratako jo jo jAtiyAM isa ke prabhAva meM AIM sabhI mAMsAhArako chor3akara zAka-bhojI hotI calI gaI isa dharma ne bhArata ke phaujadArI kAnUnake daNDavidhAna ko bhI kAphI narama banAyA hai / isa se sajAoM amAnuSika sakhtI aura berahamI meM bahuta kamI huI hai| isa dharmake kAraNa daNDavidhAnakI jagaha prAyazcividhAna ko vizeSa sthAna milA hai / yaha ahiMsA dharma logoM ke jIvana meM utarate utarate itanA ghara kara gayA ki usake viruddha calanese sabhIko lokanindA kA bhaya hone lagA / isI kAraNase mahAvIra ke uttarakAla meM hiMdu smRtikAroM aura purANakAroM ne jitanA AcAra-sambandhI sAhitya likhA hai, usa saba meM unhoMne naramedha, azvamedha, pazubali aura mAMsAhAra ko lokaviruddha hone se tyAjya ThaharAyA hai / jainadharma ke AdhyAtmika vicAroM kA bhI bhAratIya saMskRti para 1 lokamAnyatilaka-1604 meM jaina kAnphreMsa meM diyA huA vyAkhyAna 2 aojhAjI-madhyakAlIna bhAratIya saMskRti-pR0 34 3 yAzvalkya smRti 1-156, vRhannAradIya purANa, 22 12 16; aojhA jI-madhyakAlIna bhA0 saMskRti pR0 34
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________________ kucha kama prabhAva nahIM par3A hai pazubali aura mAMsAhAra ke banda hone se yAjJika kriyAkANDoM ko bahuta dhakkA pahu~cA aura hote hote vaha bhI sadA ke liye bhArata se vidA ho gayA / usake sthAnameM sadAcArako bar3I mAnyatA milI yama, niyama brata, upavAsa, dAna, saMyama hI logoM ke jIvana ke punaH dharma vana gaye / jJAna, dhyAna, saMnyAsa aura tyAgI vIra mahApuruSoM kI bhaktike purAne AdhyAtmika mArgoM kA punarutthAna huA / mahAvIra ke uparAnta naidika saMhitAoM brAhmaNagranthoM aura zrautasUtroM jaise kriyAkANDI sAhitya kI bajAya hinduoM meM upaniSad, purANa, brahmasUtra, gItA yogavAsiSTha athavA rAmAyaNa jaise AdhyAtmika aura bhaktiparaka granthoM ko adhika mahatva milaa| isa saMbaMdhameM bahutase vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki hinduoM meM jo 24 avatAroM kI kalpanA paidA huI, usakA zreya bhI jainiyoM kI 24 tIrthaGkara vAlI mAnyatA ko hI hai| khaira kucha bhI ho, itanI bAta to pratyakSa hai ki indra, agni vAyu varuNa sarIkhe prokSapriya manokalpita devatAoMke sthAna meM jo mahattA bhagavAna kRSNa aura bhagavAna rAma jaise karmaTha aitihAsika kSatriya vIroMko milI hai usakA zreya bhI bhAratakI usa prAcIna zramaNa saMskRtiyoM ko hI hai, jo sadA mahApuruSoM ko sAkSAta devatA athavA divya avatAra mAnakara pUjatI rahI hai| bhAratIya kalA aura sAhitya meM jaina dharma kA sthAna ina adhyAtmavAdI zramaNoM ke upAsaka logoMmeM apane mAnanIya tIrthaGkaroMkI mUrtiyAM aura mandira banAne, unakI pUjAbhakti karane aura utsava manAne kI jo prathAyeM prAcIna kAla se jArI thIM unase mahAbIra ke uttara kAla meM yAjJika kriyAkANDoM ke utsava banda ho jAne para bhArata ke anya dharma vAle bar3e prabhAvita hue / IsA kI pahalI aura dUsarI sadI ke karIba hama 1 sojhA jI madhyakAlIna bhA0 saMskRti 17
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________________ ( 18 ) dekhate haiM ki jainiyoM ke samAna bauddha aura hiMdu bhI apane mAnanA mahApuruSoMkI mUrtiyA~ dhaura mandira banAne, unakI bhakti karane meM lag2agaye / usa samaya zurU meM bauddhoMne bhagavAna buddha aura hindUSoMne bhagavAna kRSNa kI mUrtiyA~ nirmANa kI / pIche to isa prathAne itanA jora pakar3A aura mUrtikalAne itanI unnati kI, ki bhAratameM brahmA, ziva pArvatI, gaNeza, lakSmI, sarasvatI, kRSNake atirika viSNuke anya avatAroM, vodhisatva adi proka prakAra kI saumya mUrtiyoM kI eka bAr3ha sI prAgaI / phira kyA thA, jaina, baudva aura hindu sabhI dharmavAloM prAne apane mahApuruSoM kI mUrtiyA~ aura mandira banAkara sAre bharata ko DhA~ka diyA / bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane jamAne ke vibhinna vicAroM mAnyatAoM meM ekatA lAne ke lie jisa prokAntavAda athavA syAdvAda(Relativity) ke siddhAtoM ko janma diyA thA, usane bhAratIya vicArakoM meM satyako aneka pahaluoM se dekhane aura jAnane ke lie eka vizeSa sphUti paidA kara dii| isase bhAratako dhArmika sAhitya ke atirikta sabhI prakAra kA sAhitya sRjana karane meM bar3I pragati bhinii| mahAvIrake usakoMte to isa dizA meM khAsa utsAha dikhaayaa| unhoMne bhArata ke sAhitya aura kalAkA koI kSetra bhI aisA na chor3A jisameM unhoMne apanI svatantra racanAyeM aura TIkAyeM karake use UMcA na uThAyA ho| isI liye hama dekhate haiM ki anya dharmoM kI taraha mainasAhitya kevala dArzanika. naitika aura dhArmika vicAroM kA bhaNDAra nahIM hai balki vaha itihAsa, purANa kathA, vyAkhyAna, stotra, kavya nATaka campU chanda alaMkAra, koSa,vyAkaraNa bhUgola, jyotiSa, gaNita, rAjanIti, yantra, mantra, tamtra Ayurveda, banaspatividya, mRApakSividyA, vastukalA mUrtikalA, citrakalA, zilpakalA aura saMgItakalA mAdike aneka lokopayogI granthoM se bhI bharapUra hai| itihAsajJoM ke lie jo jainiyoM ke sAhityameM itanI adhika mora prAmANita sAmagrI bharI huI hai ki isake adhyayanase bhAratIya itihAsa kI aneka gutthiyAM AsAnI se sulajha sakatI hai| nyAyazAstra ke kSetra meM to jaina vidvAnoM kI sevAyeM bhArata lie
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________________ ( 16 ) bahuta hI mUlyavAna hai / IsA pUrvakI chaTI sadI meM akSapAda gautamane buddhi * vAda dvArA bhautikoMke jar3avAdakA nirAkaraNa karane ke liye jisa nyAya. zAstra ko janma diyA thA, use gahare zodha aura anusandhAna dvArA pUrI UcAI taka uThAnA aura usakA adhyAtmadyA ke sAtha sammela karanA jaina naiyAyikoM kA hI kAma thA / Isake liye mahA0 upA0 satIzacandra vidyAbhUraNa jaise prakAMDa vidvAnane jainanyAyakI muktakaNTha se prazaMsA kI hai, unakA kahanA haiM ki IsAkI pahalI sadI meM hone vAle jainAcArya umAsvAti jaise adhyAtma vidyAvizarada tathA chaTI sadI ke siddhasena divAkara aura AThavIM sadI ke ava lakadeva jaise naiyAyika isa bhUmi para vahuta kama hue haiM / 2 bhAratIya bhASAoM ko jainadharma kI dena bhagavAna mahAbIra ko dRSTi bahuta hI udAra thI aura unakA udde zma prANI mAtrakA kalyANa thA, vaha apane sandeza ko sabhI taka pahuMcAnA cAhate the, isIliye unhoMne brAhmaNoM kI taraha kabhI kisI bhASAmeM IzvarIya bhASA honekA prAgraha nahIM kiyA / unhoMne bhASAko apekSA sadA bhAvoM ko adhika mahattAdI / unake liye bhASA kA apanA koI mUlya na thA, usakA mUlya isI meM thA ki vaha bhAvoM ko prakaTa karane kA mAdhyama hai / jo bhASA adhikatara logoM ke pAsa bhAvoM ko pahu~cA sake vahI zreSTha haiM bhASA kI zreSThatA upayogitA para nirbhara hai, jAtIyatA para nahIM / isaliye unhoMne apane upadezoM ke liye saMskRta ko mAdhyama na banAkara arddhamAgadhI nAma kI prAkRta bhASA ko mAdhyama banAyA, jo usa samaya hindustAnI bhASA kI taraha bhArata ke sabhI pUrvIya aura madhya dezoM meM Ama logoM dvArA bolI aura samajhI jAtI thI / isa bhASA meM na kevala magadha deza kI bolI hI zAmila thI, balki videha, kASI, kauzala, mAlavA, kozAmbI jaise Asa 1 Dr. Winternitz, History of Indian Lit. vol 11- PP. 564. 505. devo mahA0 satIzacaMdra dvArA 1913 meM sthAdvAdadyiAlaya kAzI meM dI huI spIca /
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________________ pAsa ke sabhI ilAkoM kI boliyAM zAmila thiiN| magavAna kI isa udAra pariNati se bhArata kI sabhI boMliyoM ko apane utkarSa meM bar3I sahAyatA milI hai| isI kAraNa jaina dharma bhArata ke jina jina dezoMmeM phailA athavA jina 2 kAloM meM se gujarA, yaha sadA unhIM kI boliyoM meM jJAna detA aura sAhityasRjana karatA calA gayA / isaliye jaina sAhitya kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki yaha saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, mAgadhI zaurasenI, mahArASTrI, mujarAtI, rAjasthAnI, hindI, tAmila tailagu. kanar3I Adi bhArata ke uttara aura dakSiNa kI, pUrva aura pazcima kI sabhI purAnI aura naI bhASAoM meM likhA huprA milatA haiM' / vahI eka sAhitya aisA hai, jisa se ki hama bhAratIya bhASAoM ke kramika vikAsa kA bhalI bhA~ti adhyana kara sakate upasaMhAra aura kRtajJatA isa taraha bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane prAdarzajIvana aura upadeza se jisa jaina saMskRti kA punaruddhAra kiyA thA usane bhAratIya, sabhyatA sAhitya, kalA aura bhASAoM ke vikAsa aura utthAnameM bahuta bar3A bhAga liyA hai ina bhagavAna mahAvIra kA, jisane bhArata ke vicAra ko udAratA dii| gavAra ko pavitratA dI jisane insAna ke gauravako bar3hAyA, usake Adarza ko paramAtmArakI bulandI taka pahuMcAyA, jisane insAna aura insAna ke bhedoM ko miTAyA, sabhI ko dharma aura svatantratA kA adhikArI banAyA. jisane bhArata ke adhyAtma-sandeza ko anya dezoM taka pahu~cAyA aura unake nAMskRtika sotoM ko sudhArA, bhArata jitanAbhI garvakare utanA hI thor3A hai| 1 Wiuternitz-History of Indian Lit. vol 11-pp 594, 595
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________________ bhagavAna mahAvIra kI zikSAyeM 1 AtmA svabhAva se zivaM, zAnta aura sundara hai , ajara, amara aura avinAzI hai| AtmA sarasma zaktiyoM kA aMDAra hai| apane bhAgya kA vidhAtA hai| isakI unnati aura avanati isake hAtha meM hai| isa liye AtmavizvAsI bno| 2 jisane prAtmasvarUpa aura AtmazaktiyoM ko jAna liyA hai vAstava meM bahI jJAnI hai| 3 jo jaisA karma karatA hai vaha vaisA hI phala pAtA hai, karma se hI sukha aura karma se hI duHkha milatA hai isaliye karma karane meM bahuta sAvadhAna rahanA cAhiye / pavitra Adarza siddhi ke liye sAdhanabhI pavitra honA caahiye| 4 sabhIko jIvana pyArA hai isaliye jiyo aura jIne do"| 5 satya bANI bahI hai jo priya aura hita sAdhaka hai isa liye jaba bolo hita mita bacaba bolo| 6 binA vAjidha hae yA binA diye lobha vaza dUsare kA dravya lenA anyAya hai isase sadA bacanA caahiye| 7 vAstava meM saMtoSa hI dhana hai / AvazyakatAmoM se adhika vastuoM kA grahaNa karanA aneka duHkhoM kA kAraNa hai / sukha zAnti ke liye AvazyakatAoM ko maryAdA meM rakhate hue unheM kama karate rahanA cAhiye / 8 mana bacana kAya kI mIta hI jIta hai / indriyoM ke viSaya bhogoM se Upara uThanA brahmacarya hai| 6 sAtvika jIvana ke liye zuddha zAkAhArI honA Avazyaka hai|
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________________ yaha pustaka zrI a. vi. jaina mizana dvArA Ayojita ahiMsA saptAha" meM vitaraNArtha zrI maMgalasaina phakIracaMda jI jaina ejeMTa modInagara iNDasTrIja (modInagara) nayAbAjAra bar3auta ne bheMTa kI dhnyvaad|