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________________ 16 indriya aura indriyajJAna : Adhunika vijJAna va jainadarzana kI dRSTise Adhunika vijJAna ke anusaMdhAna se patA calatA hai ki jainadarzana pUrNataH vaijJAnika hai / jainadarzana ke siddhAMtoM kI parUpaNA sarvajJa tIrthakara paramAtmA ne kI hai / jainadarzana kI mAnyatA ke anusAra yaha darzana isa brahmAMDa kAla se anAdi-anaMta hai / ' ataH usake siddhAMta kI prarUpaNA karane vAle tIrthakara bhI anaMta hue haiM aura bhaviSya meM bhI ve anaMta hoMge | sabhI tIrthakara eka samAna siddhAMta kI prarUpaNA karate haiM / tIrthaMkara paramAtmA kI saba se anokhI viziSTatA yaha hai ki pravrajyA grahaNa karane ke pazcAt ve apane sAdhanA kAla meM pUrNataH mauna rakhate haiM / sAdhanA pUrNa hone ke bAda kevalajJAna svarUpa AtmapratyakSa jJAna prApta hone ke bAda hI ve upadeza denA zuru karate haiM / ' unhoMne zarIra dhAraNa karane vAle saMsArI jIvoM ke indriya ke AdhAra para pA~ca prakAra batAye haiM / indriya pA~ca hai / 1. sparzanendriya/tvacA, 2. rasanendriya/jIbha, 3. ghrANendriya/nAka, 4. cakSurindriya / A~kha, 5. zravaNendriya/kAna / ekendriya jIvoM ko sirpha eka hI indriya sparzanendriya hotI hai / pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu, va vanaspati ekendriya jIva haiM / dvIndriya jIvoM ko kevala do indriya sparzanendriya va rasanendriya hotI hai / zaMkha, kauDI, joMka, kRmi, porA kaiMcuA Adi dvIndriya jIva haiM / trIndriya jIvoM ko sparzanendriya, ssanendriya va ghrANendriya hotI hai / khaTamala, na~, lIkha, cIMTI, dImaka, makoDA, DholA (pillU), dhAnyakITa Adi trIndriya jIva haiN| caturindriya jIvoM meM uparyukta tIna indriya aura cauthI cakSurindriya hotI hai / bicchU. bhaurA, TiDDI, macchara Adi caturindriya jIva haiM / pa~cendriya jIva meM pA~cavIM zravaNendriya bhI hotI hai / gAya, ghoDA, hAthI, siMha, bAgha Adi pazu, machalI, magara Adi jalacara jIva, meMDhaka jaise ubhayacara jIva, totA, mainA, koyala, kauA, ciDiyA Adi pakSI, sarpa, goha, caMdanagoha Adi sarIsRpa naintendanNIRONMammelan 87
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________________ ( uparisarpa) jIva, nakula, chipalI Adi bhUjaHparisarpa, deva, manuSya va nAraka ke jIva pa~cendriya haiM / 7 . M hAla hI meM gujarAta samAcAra kI dinAMka 5 mArca, 2003 kI zatadala pUrti meM DiskavarI kaoNlama meM DaoN. vihArI chAyA ne mAika meM nAmaka kA vizleSaNa karatA eka A~kha se dekhane para bhI aMdha manuSya ke anubhava huA lekha paDhA / usakA tAtparya isa prakAra hai / "mAika me" tIna sAla kA thA taba khadAna ke majadUroM ke liye jo laimpa istemAla kiyA jAtA hai, jisakA AviSkAra hamphrI DeviDa ne kiyA thA / usameM upayogI taila se bharI huI jAra arthAt boTala unake mU~ha ke pAsa hI phUTa jAne para akasmAt huA / usameM vaha pUrNataH aMdhA ho gayA / bAda meM aMdhatva kA sAmanA karake usane bahuta sI siddhiyA~ prApta kI dekhatA huA manuSya jisa prakAra kArya karatA hai usase bhI baDhiyA, acchI taraha, sUkSmatA aura jaldI se kAma karane lagA / aMdhe manuSyoM kI parvata se nIce utarane kI skIiMga kI spardhA meM unakA valDa rekaoNrDa thA / isI spardhA meM sIdhe utAravAle blaeNka DAyamanDa nAmaka parvata para se vaha prati ghaMTe 35 mAIla ke vega se nIce utara jAtA thA / usane I. sa. 2000 ke mArca mAha meM dRSTi denevAlA eka oparezana karavAyA aura dAhinI A~kha meM eka netramaNi lagavAyA / bAda meM 20 mArca ko jaba usakI paTTI kholI gaI taba use dRSTi mila gaI thI usakI patnI va usake baccoM se usakI dRSTi milI / vaha dAhinI A~kha se saba kucha dekha sakatA thA tathApi usase spaSTarUpa se kisI ko pahacAna nahIM sakatA thA / hameM sAmAnyatayA mAluma hai ki apanI A~khoM meM kaoNrniyA pAradarzaka paTala va lainsa (netramaNi) aise do lainsa hote haiM / kisI vastu meM se nikalane vAle yA usase parAvartita hone vAle prakAza kI kiraNeM inhIM do lainsoM dvArA usake pIche Aye hue reTinA para par3atI haiM aura vahA~ usakA eka pratibiMba banAtI haiM / isa pratibiMba ko cetanAtaMtra dvArA mag2az2a meM cakSurindriya dvArA prApta anubhava ko pahacAnane vAle dRSTikendra ko pahu~cAyA jAtA hai / bAda meM yaha dRSTikendra una saMketoM kA pUrNa vizleSaNa karake usa vastu ke pUrNa svarUpa kI AtmA ko pahacAna karAtA hai / 88
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________________ kintu ' mAika me ' ko dRSTi mila jAne ke bAda bhI vaha sAmane sthita padArtha ko spaSTa rUpa se pahacAna nahIM sakatA thA / usakI dRSTi pUrNataH svaccha thI tathApi usakA mag2az2a dRzyoM kA pRthakkaraNa kara nahIM sakatA thA / ' mAika me " ko A~kha dvArA jo saMketa prApta hote the usako par3hane kI paddhati usake mag2az2a ko mAluma nahIM thI / ataH mag2az2a meM usI prakAra kI prakriyA nahIM hotI thii| DaoN. vihArI chAyA ne kaoNmpyUTara kI paribhASA meM isI prazna kA pRthakkaraNa kiyA hai | kaoNmpyuTara meM hArDaveara va saoNphTaveara nAmaka do hisse hote haiM / ThIka usI prakAra apanA zarIra kudarata kA apUrva kaoNmpyuTara hI hai / A~kha usakA hI eka bhAga hai / usameM kaoNrniyA, netramaNi,, reTinA Adi hArDaveara haiN| jaba A~kha dvArA jisakA darzana kiyA jAtA hai taba usako anubhava ke rUpa meM AtmA ke sAtha juDane kA kAma mana yA mag2az2a ke dRSTi kendra kI kAryazIlatA rUpa saoNphTa veara dvArA hotA hai / * mAika me ' ke liye usakA hArDaveara to acchI taraha kAma karatA thA kintu cetanAtaMtra dvArA prApta dRzya ke saMketoM ko pRthakkaraNa vizleSaNa karake pahacAnane kA saoNphTa veara kAma nahIM karatA thA / ataH dRzya ko dekhane ke bAvajUda bhI usakA AtmA ko spaSTa anubhava nahIM hotA thA / isa bAta ko hI 2500 varSa pahale ho gaye zramaNa bhagavAna zrI mahAvIrasvAmI ne unake dvArA prarUpita jainadarzana ke graMthoM va AgamoM meM nimnokta prakAra se samajhAyA hai / jinakA vAstava meM Azcaryajanaka rUpa se uparyukta bAta ke sAtha bahuta hI sAmya hai| jaina zAstrakAroM ne pA~coM indriyoM ke do prakAra batAye haiM / 1. dravyendriya aura 2. bhAvendriya / ' dravyendriya ke do prakAra haiM 1 1. nivRtti va 2. upkrnn| usI prakAra bhAvendriya ke bhI do prakAra haiM | 1. labdhi va 2. upayoga / __ jaina karmavAda ke anusAra indriya kI prApti aMgopAMga nAmakarma va nirmANa nAmakarma se hotI hai aura use nivRtti rUpa dravyendriya kahA jAtA hai / ' udA. sparzanendriya rUpa tvacA, rasanendriya rUpa jihvA, ghrANendriya rUpa nAsikA, cakSurindriya rUpa A~kha aura zravaNendriya rUpa kAna ke rUpa meM nivRtti svarUpa dravyendriya prApta hone para bhI vaha pUrNataH kAma de sake aisA koI niyama nahIM hai| aura tattat indriya me tat tat indriya saMbaMdhita viSaya ko grahaNa karane kI zakti 89
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________________ ko upakaraNa dravyendriya kahA jAtA hai | udA. tvacA prApta hone para bhI yadi cetanAtaMtra apanA kArya na karatA ho to sparza kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai / yahA~ nivRtti rUpa dravyendriya prApta hone para bhI upakaraNa rUpa dravyendriya kA abhAva hai| / ThIka usI taraha sabhI indriya ke liye jAna lenA / saMkSepa meM tvacA ke sparza kA anubhava karane kI zakti, jIbha meM svAda ko pahacAnane kI zakti, nAka kI sugaMdha yA durgaMdha ko pahacAnane kI zakti, A~kha kI dRzya dekhane kI zakti aura kAna kI zravaNa karane kI kSamatA hI upakaraNa rUpa dravyendriya hai / nivRtti va upakaraNa svarUpa dravyendriya dvArA tat tat indriya saMbaMdhita viSayaka saMketa mag2az2a ko pahu~cAye jAte haiM / mag2az2a meM pahu~ce hue inhIM saMketoM ko pahacAnane kA kArya mag2az2a meM sthita bhAvendriya svarUpa labdhi karatI hai / labdhi arthAt zakti jise kaoNmpyuTara kI bhASA meM saoNphTaveyara kahA jA sakatA hai / vaha mana ke dvArA sakriya hotI hai taba upayoga rUpa bhAvendriya kArya karatI hai / tat tat indriya saMbaMdhita labdhi usako AvRtta karane vAle karma ke kSayopazama yA nAza se paidA hotI hai / udA. gati nAmakarma aura jAti nAmakarma se deva, manuSya va nAraka gati meM sabhI pA~ca indriya saMbaMdhita zakti prApta hotI hai / jabaki tiryaMca gati meM jAti nAmakarma se ekendriyatva, dvIndriyatva, trIndriyatva, caturindriyatva yA paMcendriyatva prApta hotA hai / ataH tat tat jAti meM tat tat gati saMbaMdhita indriya saMbaMdhita labdhi zakti prApta hotI hai / aura upayogasvarUpa bhAvendriya kA AdhAra matijJAnAvaraNIya, zrutajJAnAvaraNIya, acakSudarzanAvaraNIya va cakSudarzanAvaraNIya karma ke kSayopazama yA nAza para hai| ataH paMcendriyatva prApta hone para bhI kvacit uparyukta cAra karma meM se kisI bhI karma ke udaya/astitva se tat tat indriya saMbaMdhita jJAna prApta nahIM hotA hai / 8 10 kisI bhI indriya dvArA gRhIta saMketoM kA pRthakkaraNa karane kI zakti hI labdhi svarUpa bhAvendriya hai / isa zakti ke kAryAnvita hone para dRzya kI pahacAna yA usI indriya dvArA prApta anubhava AtmA taka pahu~catA hai / jise upayogasvarUpa bhAvendriya kahA jAtA hai / isa prakAra donoM prakAra kI dravyendriya aura bhAvendriya mana se milakara kArya karatI haiM taba AtmA ko usa usa indriya saMbaMdhita jJAna hotA hai / AtmA ko indriyapratyakSa padArtha kA bodha karAne ke liye mana eka mahattvapUrNa mAdhyama/sAdhana hai / AtmA ko indriya se hone vAle anubhava ke sAtha juDane kA 90
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________________ I kAma mana karatA hai / yadi mana kA indriya ke sAtha saMbaMdha tor3a diyA jAya to indriya dvArA hone vAlA anubhava AtmA taka nahIM pahu~catA hai / "mAika me" ne 40 varSoM taka usake dimAga / mag2az2a ke dRSTikendra kA | tanika bhI upayoga nahIM kiyA thA kyoMki nivRtti va upakaraNa svarUpa dravyendriya ke dvArA dRzya ko grahaNa karane kI zakti hI nahIM thI / pariNAmataH tatsaMbaMdhita mag2az2a kA dRSTikendra kAma karatA baMda ho gayA thaa| aba jaba taka vaha dRSTi kendra apanA kAma zurU na kareM taba taka kisI bhI dRSya kI sahI pahacAna unako nahIM ho sakatI / isakA AdhAra usake jJAnAvaraNIya va darzanAvaraNIya karmoM ke kSayopazama yA nAza para nirbhara karatA hai / bahuta se loga apanI A~khoM kI kaimerA ke sAtha tulanA karate haiM / vaise to jisa prakAra kaimerA kAma karatA hai ThIka usI prakAra apanI A~kheM kAma karatI haiM / kintu A~kha kI kAma karane kI zakti va gatizIlatA Adhunika yuga ke supara kaoNmpyuTara se bhI kahIM jyAdA hai / udA. kaimere meM kisI dRzya ko lenA ho to usa dRzya kA padArtha kitanI dUrI para hai usakI ginatI karake phokasiMga kiyA jAtA hai / aba mAna liyA jAya ki usI dRzya meM koI eka padArtha bilkula najadIka hai aura dUsarA padArtha bahuta hI dUrI para hai| yadi Apa najadIka ke padArtha para phokasiMga karaMge to dUra kA padArtha dhuMdhalA ho jAyegA aura yadi dUra ke padArtha para phokasiMga kareMge to najadIka kA padArtha dhuMdhalA ho jAyegA / kaimerA meM donoM padArtha eka sAtha spaSTa rUpa se dikhAI nahIM deMge / jabaki apanI A~khoM ke sAmane eka padArtha bilakula najadIka ho aura eka padArtha bahuta dUra ho tathApi donoM eka sAtha spaSTarUpa se dikhAI deMge / yahI apanI A~khoM kI vizeSatA hai / isa prakAra pUrNa spaSTa citra sirpha apanI A~khoM se grahaNa karake mastiSka ke dRSTi kendra meM bhejA jAtA hai / vahA~ tatsaMbaMdhita labdhi svarUpa saoNphTaveyara hotA hai / jaba mastiSka usakA upayoga karatA hai tabhI vaha dRzya AtmA taka pahu~catA hai aura usakA sthAyI svarUpa mag2az2a meM saMgrahIta ho jAtA hai / bAda meM kabhI pA~ca sAta sAla ke bAda usI dRzya saMbaMdhita koI bhI padArtha sAmane A jAtA hai taba smaraNazakti dvArA apanA mag2az2a usake smRtikoza meM se usI purAne dRzya kI chabi ko DhUMDha nikAlakara smaraNapaTa para rakha detA hai / isakA mUla kAraNa apane 91
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________________ | jJAnAvaraNIya va darzanAvaraNIya karmoM ke kSayopazama yA nAza aura labdhi va upayoga svarUpa bhAva indriya kA kArya hai / aura yahI smRti saMskAra apane | AtmA ke sAtha agale janma meM bhI jAte haiM / usa samaya yadi kvacit pUrvabhava | saMbaMdhi koI dRzya yA padArtha apane sAmane AtA hai to usakA smaraNa ho jAtA hai jise jAtismaraNa jJAna kahA jAtA hai / jaina dArzanikoM ne isa prakAra ke | pUrvajanma saMbaMdhita jJAna ko matijJAna arthAt smRtizakti kA hI prakAra mAnA hai / " saMkSepa meM, sirpha bAhya upakaraNa svarUpa dravya indriya prApta hone se AtmA ko usakA anubhava nahIM ho sakatA hai / kintu jaba taka bAhya upakaraNa svarUpa dravya indriya se gRhIta saMketoM ko labdhi va upayoga svarUpa bhAva indriya dvArA pahacAnA nahIM jA sakatA taba taka AtmA ko usakA anubhava nahIM hotA hai / isa kArya meM mana yA mastiSka eka Avazyaka sAdhana hai / vaha indriya ke viSaya | aura tatsaMbaMdhita anubhava ko AtmA ke sAtha jor3a detA hai / jaina paraMparA meM kAyotsarga eka prakAra kA utkRSTa dhyAna hai / kAyotsarga meM usake zabdoM ke anusAra kAya arthAt zarIra kA utsarjana kiyA jAtA hai aura | usakI eka viziSTa prakriyA hai / dhyAna arthAt mana, vacana, kAyA kI ekAgratA vaha acchA bhI ho sakatA hai aura burA bhI / zubha dhyAna ko jaina paraMparA meM | dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna kahate haiM / jabaki azubha dhyAna ko ArtadhyAna va raudradhyAna kahate haiM / priya padArtha ke viyoga meM aura apriya padArtha ke saMyoga meM | saba ko ArtadhyAna hotA hai / usI prakAra prApta kiye padArtha ke rakSaNa kI ciMtA meM raudradhyAna paidA hotA hai / sAmAnyataH manuSya kharAba dhyAna bAra bAra karatA hai kintu zubhadhyAna sabhI ke liye bahuta hI kaSTasAdhya hai / usameM Upara batAyI huI samajha kAphI mahattvapUrNa siddha ho sakatI hai / dhyAna meM mana kA vyApAra hI mahattvapUrNa hai / mana jitanI gaharAI meM soca sake utanA dhyAna jyAdA dRDha hotA hai / kintu isa ciMtana kA AdhAra jJAna hai / jitanA jJAna vizAla utanI gaharAI meM ciMtana ho sakatA ho arthAt jJAna hI dhyAna kA AdhAra hai / binA jJAna dhyAna ho hI nahIM sakatA / kAyotsarga ke daurAna mana ciMtana meM laga jAtA hai ataH usakA AtmA ke sAtha saMbaMdha juDa jAtA hai aura bAhya dravyendriya ke sAtha usakA saMparka TUTa jAtA hai isa prakAra dhyAnastha avasthA meM dravyendriya kA bhAvendriya se saMbaMdha 92
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________________ DOTamidioLibiskarinakNakA TUTa jAtA hai / pariNAmataH kAyotsarga avasthA meM kisI bhI manuSya yA pazu-pakSI dvArA yadi zArIrika duHkha paidA kiyA jAtA hai to usakA AtmA ko tanika bhI anubhava nahIM hotA hai / ataeva dhyAnastha bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmI ko gopAlaka ne kAna meM kIleM lagAye taba unako duHkha kA koI anubhava nahIM huA thA kintu kharaka vaidya ne jaba prabhu ke kAna meM se kIleM bAhara nikAle usa samaya unhoMne bhayaMkara/tIvra cIkha nikAlI thI / isa prakAra vijJAna meM jo anusaMdhAna abhI ho rahe haiM usakA hI pratipAdana bhagavAna mahAvIra ne 2500 sAla pahale kiyA thA jinheM jaina dharmagraMthoM meM pAyA jAtA hai / P ALonrnment - .-.- .... ... ... sadarbhaH 1. draSTavya : jainadarzananAM vaijJAnika rahasyo le. muni zrI naMdIghoSavijayajI pR.naM. 166 2. kalpasUtra TIkA, vyAkhyAna naM. 6 (TIkAkAra : ucA. zrI vinayavijayajI) 3. sparzana-rasana-ghrANa-cakSuH-zrotAni / / 20 / / (tattvArtha sUtra - adhyAya 2. sUtra naM. 20) 4. jIvavicAra prakaraNa, gAthA naM. 2, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20.21 5. paMcendriyANi / / 15 / / dvividhAni / / 16 / / nivRttyupakaraNadravyendriyam / / 17 / / (tatvArthasUtra, adhyAya-2, sUtra naM. 15. 16, 17) 6. labdhyupayogI bhAvendriyam / / 18 / / (tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya-2, sUtra naM. 18) 7. nivRttiragopAlaganAmanirvartitAnIndriyadvArANi / / nirmANanAmAGgopAGgapratyayA / / (tattvArthasUtra TIkA, adhyAya-2. sUtra naM. 17) 8. yatra nivRttidravyendriya tatropakaraNendriyamapi na bhinnadezavarti, tasyAH svaviSayagrahaNazakternivRttimadhyavartinItvAt / / (tattvArthasUtra TIkA. adhyAya-2, sUtra naM. 17) 9. labdhirgatijAtinAkarmajanitA tadAvaraNIyakarmakSAyopazamajanitA ca / / (tattvArthasUtra TIkA. adhyAya-2. sUtra naM. 18) 10. sparzAdiSu matijJAnopayogaH / / (tattvArthasUtra TIkA, adhyAya-2. sUtra naM. 18) 11. karmagraMtha TIkA, gAthA naM. 4-5 (A. zrI devendrasUrikRta) 12. kalpasUtra, saskRta TIkA, vyAkhyAna naM. 6 ( TIkAkAra upA. zrI vinayavijayajI) 93