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UDDEŠA 1] सवृत्तिकः कविदर्पणः
127 are optionally short even in the body of a word. The letters which precede the (conjunct) letters dra, lha, nha and the like are not (to be considered as) Guru as seen (from the practice of the poets). A quarter (of a stanza) is a Pada when no specification is made to the contrary). Numbers 1 and the like are known by such terms as Candra etc. The commentator quotes illustrations for the rules ; in No. 3 I think we must read tie for tīi and virahão for virahāu, where the final e and o are to be pronounced as short, though the ms. does not read so. The same illustration contains short im in jāim, taim and duhāim ; so also it contains short him in kodihim. In No. 4 which is very corrupt, short him in tahim, short hur in tasahum, short um in pasaṁsauń and short ham in jāham are all illustrated. No. 5 illustrates short e and short o even when combined with a consonant, whether within the body or at the end of a word. Even here the ms. does not indicate which letters are to be pronounced as short, though we can see that the o of both go and lo in the word goälovi and the e of te in egantena are to be pronounced as short as required by the metre. The commentator rightly points out that the rule regarding uñ, haṁ, hiń, hum as also about e and o combined with a consonant occurring in the body of a word applies to the Apabhramśa language, while that about e, o, im, him, and the one mentioned in v. 6 applies to the Prakrits in general. In v. 6 please note the correct reading dra-lha-nha-pamuhakkharānam puvvilla na guruno jahā dittham of the first half. In illustration No. 6 we find that in spite of the general rule laid down in KD. 1. 4 (that a short letter followed by a conjunct consonant becomes Guru), conjunct letters like tha in lhasiya, nha in nhāyavva and dra in drahe do not cause Gurutva to the letters which precede them. Even in the defining stanza, v. 6, lha and nhạ do not cause Gurutva to the letters which precede them. Illustrations Nos. 7-10 in the commentary show how sometimes even in Sanskrit, short letters do not become long optionally, when followed by certain conjunct consonants like hra, i.e., those that contain h or r or both. All the four illustrations are bodily taken out from Hemacandra's Chando
nuśäsana-Svopajña-Vịtti. Vy. 7-8 : These two stanzas prescribe rules about the Yati in a stanza :
And Yati is a pause which is pleasant to the ear; it takes place everywhere at the end of a Pāda, (but) regularly at the end of the half of a śloka. (It takes place) also at the end of a word which contains three or more letters in it in the middle of a Pāda). It may take place even in the middle of a word, if the earlier and the later portions (i.e., the
