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A Treatise on Jainism
through passionate activity of mind, body or speech is Himsa. Under the influence of passion, a person injures the natural purity of Jiva; and, as a result of the working of passions, he loses his life-forces, or life itself, and similarly, causes pain to others, or even the deprivation of vitalities or of life itself. Passion is thus the moving cause which leads to Hi sa. The word Prana means vitality. It is of two kinds. Bhava Prana, conscious vatalities are the attributes of Jiva such as consciousness, peacefulness, happiness, power. Dravya Prana are material yitalities. They are 10, the 5 senses of touch, taste, smell, sight, and hearing, the 3 forces of body, speech, and mind, and breathing and age. The conscious vitalities are possessed by all Jivas alike. With reference to the possession of material vitalities Jivas differ and are divided into the following six classes :(1) Ekendriya, one-sensed, such as earth
bodied, fire-bodied, air-bodied, vegetablebodied. They have 4 vitalities--age, brea
thing, body-force, and sense of touch. (2) Dvendriya, two-sensed, such as worms,
conch, shell. These have 6 vitalities-the
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