Spiritual Discipline and Practices in Jainism

Author(s): Bhagchandra Jain
Publisher: Z_Vijyanandsuri_Swargarohan_Shatabdi_Granth_012023.pdf

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5. Parigraha-Parimanuvrata
Infatuation (murcha) is attachment to possessions. The wealth is also included into the definition. Samantabhadra followed Kundakunda and defined the vrata including the both, internal and external attachments. Kasayas and no-kasayas are internal while ksetra, vastu, hiranya, suvarna, dhana, dhanya, dasi, dasa, kupya and saiyasanas etc. come under the external attachment. Samantabhadra replaced them with another five aticaras, i.e. atibahya, atisangraha, ativismaya, atilobha and atibharabahana.69 Hemacandra followed by Asadhara replaced them with another five aticaras, i.e. 1. yojanena ksetra-vastu-pramanatikrama, 2. pradanena hiranya-suvarna pramanatikrama, 3. bandhanena dhana-dhanya pramanatikrama, 4. karanena dvipada-catuspada pramanatikrama, and 5. bhaven pupya pramanatikrama."
As the history reveals the fact, Jainacaryas were obliged to change the traditional aticaras to cope up with the circumastances under the frame of Jaina dogmas. However, some of the remarkable disciplines mentioned can be said to be an instrument for social and economic justice. These observances should be in practice to make justice for self and the justice for the sake of society to implement social justice and create congenial atmosphere and relationship between fundamental rights and directive principles of state policy. Ordering someone to bring something illegally from outside the country is also prohibited for house-holders. Gunavratas and Siksavratas
Rendering help to one another is the basic formula of Jaina discipline (parasparopagraho jivanam). Some more supplementary vows are prescribed for house-holders which pave the way for their spiritual elevation with a view to having socio-econmic justice. For instance, to curb the mentality of master minding operations aimed at enlarging their welath or concentrating their economic power to achieve greater exploitative capacity, Jainism directs the householder to fix boundaries for business, not to pursue commerce activities causing injury to living beings, to limit consumable and non-consumable things, not to use honey, meat and wine, to extend hospitality by offering food, implements, medicine and shelter and to bestow one's possessions on another for mutual benefit. He should also observe compassion towards living beings in general and towards the devout in particular. He should practise charity, contemplation,
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Shri Vijyanand Suri Swargarohan Shatabdi Granth