Spiritual Discipline and Practices in Jainism

Author(s): Bhagchandra Jain
Publisher: Z_Vijyanandsuri_Swargarohan_Shatabdi_Granth_012023.pdf

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3. viruddha rajyatikrama (under- buying in a disordered state), 4. hinadhikamanonmana (using false weights and measures), and 5. pratirupakavyavahara (deceiving other with artificial or imitation goods) like gold, synthetic diamonds and so on). Samantabhadra accepted parivada and paisunya in place of first two aticaras while Somadeva added mudha-saksipadokti for replacing the first three aticaras. 62 Afterwards the viruddharajyatikrama is replaced by vilopa and vigrahe sangraho ‘rthasya in the Ratnakarasasravakacara and Yasastilakacampu respectively. 4. The Brahmacarya vrat
Copulation is unchastity. Samantabhadra defined the Brahmacaryanuvrata as paradaranivetti or svadarasantosavrata. The first is observed by the Paksika sravaka and the second is prescribed for the naisthika sravaka. This definition is accepted partially or completely by the later Jainacaryas. Amrtacandrasuri, Asadhara etc. defined the Brahmacaryanivrata in view of the naisthika sravaka while Somadeva considered it with the standpoint of paksiks sravaka. This sort of difference amongst the Acaryas is apparent for the reason that in the opinion of
asunandi the observer of the first pratima renounces the saptavyasanas where the paradara and vesya, both have been included. Therefore at the time of observing the second pratima one is expected not to indulge in copulation with his own wife on the pious days. But Samantabhadra did not consider the renouncement of the saptavyasanas during first pratima and hence at the time of observing the second pratima his brahmacaryanvrata would be the same as described by other Acaryas. Hemacandra and Asadhara are also of the same opinion. None else has divided the vrata into two types. It is curious that Somadeva allowed the Bahmacaryanuvrati for vesyagamana.
The aticaras of the Brahmacaryanuvrata are : 1. bringing about marriage (paravivahakarana), 2. intercourse with an unchaste married woman (itvarika parigrhitagamana), 3. cohabitation with a harlot (itvarika aparigrahitagamana), 4. perverted sexual practices (anangakrita), and 5. execssive passion (kamativrabhinivesa). There is not much difference with regard to aticaras. Samantabhadra, of course, accepted the itvarikagamana and vitatva in place of third and fourth vratas and Somadeva replaced them with the parastrisangama and ratikaitavya."66
Spiritual Discipline And Practices In Jainism