Spiritual Discipline and Practices in Jainism

Author(s): Bhagchandra Jain
Publisher: Z_Vijyanandsuri_Swargarohan_Shatabdi_Granth_012023.pdf

Page 29

already discussed in the context of disciplines for house-holders. He has also to endure twenty two types of afflictions (parisahas), viz. hunger, thirst, cold, heat, insect bites, nakedness, absense of pleasures, women, pain arising from roaming, discomfort of postures, uncomfortable couch, scolding, injury, begging, lack of gain, illness, pain, inflicted by blades of grass, dirt, reverence and honour (good as well as bad reception), conceit of learning, despair or uneasiness arising from ignorance and lack of faith. These afflictions are to be endured so as not to swerve from the path of stoppege of karmas and for the sake of dissociation from karmas."
Thus the ascetic constitutes the conduct by observing five causes of stoppage, namely control (gupti), regulation (samiti), moral virtues (dharma), reflections or contemplations (anupreksa), and conquest of afflictions (parisahajaya) and conduct (caritra). He follows 28 mulagunas completely, viz. 5 mahavratas, 5 samitis, 5 pancendriyavijayata (conquest over five senses), 6 avasyakas (samayika, caturvimsatistava, vandana, pratikramana, pratyakhyana, and kayotsarga), = 21, 22. Kesaluncanata, 23. acelakata (nudity), 24. asnanata, 25. bhusayana, 26. sthitibhojana, 27. adantadhavana, and 28. ekabhuktavrats.
Samayika or samata means equanimity in mind. He does not differentiate between a friend and enemy or gold and stone. Vandana (paying respect to the preceptor and superiors) is to remember the Tirthankaras. Pratikramana is self criticism and confession of the moral transgressions before the teacher. Pratyakhyana is a determination to avoid sinful activities of mind, speech and body for future. Kayotsarga is devotion to auspicious meditation in different poses. The Avasyakaniryukti refers to its nine kinds, viz. utsrta-utsrta, utsrta, utsrta-nisanna, utsrta, nisana, nisanna-nisanna, nisanna-utsrta, nisanna-nisanna. The result of kayotsarga are :- dehajadyasuudhi, matijadya suddhi, sukha-duhkha titiksa, anupraksa and dhyana."14 There are some faults also mentioned in the literature. 115
The Uttaradhyayana refers to several kinds and results of pratyakhyana, viz. sambhoga, upadhi, ahara, yoga, sadbhava, sarira, sahaya and kasaya." The anuyogadvara mentions some other names of sadavasyakas, viz. Savadyayogavirati, utkirtana, gunavatpratipatti, skhalitanindana, vranacikilsa, and gunadharana.
Kesaluncana is a symbol of vairagya, parisahajaya and samyama. It
88
Shri Vijyanand Suri Swargarohan Shatabdi Granth