Reviews Of Diffeent Books

Author(s): J W De Jong
Publisher: J W De Jong

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REVIEWS
dynasty dialect of Ch'ang-an) ('Stages in the transcription of Indian words in Chinese from Han to Tang', pp. 73-102). His article is divided into the following sections: 1. Introduction; 2. Early and Late Middle Chinese (EMC and LMC); 3. Secular transcriptions of Indian words in the Han period; 4. Buddhist translations of the later Han period; 5. The Chinese dialect of the Han Buddhist transcriptions; 6. The Indian source language of the early Buddhist translations; 7. Later translations in Early Middle Chinese; 8. Buddhist transcriptions of the Tang period in Late Middle Chinese; 9. APPENDIX I: A Comparison of Karlgren's "Ancient Chinese" with EMC and LMC; 10. APPENDIX II: Summary of the changes between EMC and LMC. Pulleyblank's article is of great importance not only for Sinologists but also for all those who are interested in Chinese transliterations of Indian words and in borrowings from the Chinese into other languages. Pulleyblank would render a great service to nonSinologists by bringing together the results of his researches in the form of a dictionary, as has been done by Karlgren in his Grammata Serica (1940) and Grammata Serica Recensa (1957). Klaus Röhrborn studies the combinations of Indian words with Turkish words in Old Turkish ("Syntaktisches Verhalten der indischen Fremdwörter im Alttürkischen', pp. 103-112). Lore Sander sketches the development of the Brāhmi script in manuscripts from Gilgit and Bamiyan ("Einige neue Aspekte zur Entwicklung der Brāhmi in Gilgit und Bamiyan (ca. 2.-7. Jh. n. Chr.) ', pp. 113-124). She arrives at the following conclusion: 'Zwei Entwicklungslinien der Brāhmi sind aus den Funden von Bamiyan und Gilgit herzuleiten, von denen die zum "Rundtyp" führende Schriftentwicklung sich stärker vom indischen Vorbild löst als die mit der "Protośāradā" endende. Die Vorstufen zum "Rundtyp" sind es, die die Brahmi im Tarimbecken am nachhaltigsten beeinflusst haben, auch wenn die "Protośārada" mit ihren geraden Linien nicht ohne Einwirkung insbesondere auf die "südturkistanische Brāhmi" gewesen sein mag' (p. 122). Klaus T. Schmidt studies the relation between the Sanskrit text of Mātrceta's Varnärhavarna (II, 17b-43b, 560-64d and 68c-73b) and the Tokharian translation. Schmidt points out that the nominal constructions of the original have been changed into verbal ones by the translator ("Zum Verhältnis von Sanskritvorlage und tocharischer Übersetzung. Untersucht am Beispiel osttocharischer Stotratexte', pp. 125-131). Nicholas Sims-Williams examines Indian loanwords in Parthian and Sogdian ("Indian elements in Parthian and Sogdian', pp. 132-141). He proposes a new etymology of the title Ås Bay, which he derives from Buddhist Sanskrit (and Pali) adhideva- or atideva- 'supreme deity', the prefix being borrowed and the nominal compound replaced by its Iranian equivalent (Sog, By-, Pth. bg). Three appendices list Indian words in Manichean Parthian, Christian Sogdian and Manichean Sogdian.
NOTE
1 On this text see also R. A. Stein, 'Tibetica Antica l', BEFEO 72 (1983), pp. 214-215.
Reinhold Grünendahl, Visnudharmāh. Precepts for the Worship of Visnu. Part 1, Adhyāyas 1-43. Wiesbaden, Otto Harrassowitz, 1983. XI, 250 pp. DM 42,-.
The Visnudharma is a text of approximately 4,200 verses divided into 105 chapters. It is an important source for the study of the liturgy of early Vişnuism. R. C. Hazra was the first scholar to study this text, which, however, has remained unedited. Grünendahl has been able to utilize fifteen manuscripts, of which no less than ten were filmed for the Nepal-German Manuscript Preservation Project (NGMPP). Grünendahl points out that the three dated Visnudharma-mss. of the 11th century, two of which could be utilized for this edition, are
Indo-Iranian Journal 29 (1986)