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Stage 2: Practise the basic method as described above and include the breathing ratios of 1:1:1, then 1:2:2, and build up to 1:4:2.
Stage 3: After mastering stage 2, add moola bandha and shambhavi mudra during retention. Precautions: Surya bheda should be practised only on an empty stomach, as it will interfere with the natural flow of energy associated with digestion. This pranayama may cause imbalance if performed for prolonged periods. It is not recommended for general practitioners and should only be utilized by those with ida nadi predominance. Contra-indications: People suffering from heart disease, hypertension, epilepsy, hyperthyroid, peptic ulcer, acidity or anxiety should avoid this practice. Benefits: Surya bheda activates the sympathetic nervous system and associated physical and mental states. It creates heat in the body and counteracts imbalances of the vata (wind) and kapha (phlegm) doshas (humours). Increased eyeball pressure, which is the cause of glaucoma, is lessened with the practice of surya bheda. It also helps the conditions of sinusitis, rheumatism, rhinitis and neuralgia. By activating pingala nadi, it stimulates and awakens the pranic energy. This increases extroversion and dynamism, enabling physical activities to be performed more efficiently and helping to alleviate depression, anxiety and phobias. It is especially recommended for those who are dull and lethargic or who find it difficult to adjust in the external world. It makes the mind more alert and perceptive and is an excellent pre-meditation pranayama. The Gheranda Samhita says (5:68):
कुम्भकः सूर्यभेदस्तु जरामृत्युविनाशकः । बोधयेत् कुंडलीं शक्तिं देहानलं विवर्धयेत् ॥
Surya bheda prevents old age and death, increases the body heat and awakens the kundalini.
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