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CHAPTER XIX
OF SENTENCES (VĀKYA)
1
The construction of a sentence
A sentence (tūkya) is it combination of words having a certain meaning Any combination of words, however, does not make a signvicant sentence. The construction of an intelligible sentence must conform to four conditions. These are āhānhsā, yogyatā, sanndhi and tātparyya.'
By ūhūnksā or expectancy is meant that quality of the words of a sentence by which they expect or imply one another. A void cannot by itsell convey a complete meaning. It inust be brought into relation with other words in order to espressa full julgment 2 When one hears the word 'bring' uttered before him, he at once it-ks what?'. The verb 'bring has a need for some other words denoting some object or object, eg. the jar' In the absence of such words, it has no meaning and falls short of a complete judgment. Similarly, a word in the nommative case requires a verb to convey a complete meaning. Generally speaking, the ākānksā or expectancy of words is the relation between kriyātra and kūrakatia, the verb and the caseendings implied by it." When I say 'dog,' horse,'
cow,' 'man,' etc., I simply utter a string of names which do not imply one another and cannot therefore constitute a sentence. The reason is that there is no kriyātva and
1 Vide BP, 82 i l'adagya padāntara vyutirekaprayuktănanvayanabubhāvakutvumākánkna, T8 , p 72 3 Vide SM , pp 423 , TC, IV, pp 218 1,
