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Mahavira's Words by Walther Schubring Appendix 4
as a noun it means 'fluid'. Bollée 1988, p. 175 therefore translates it as 'caustic acid' which was made by burning dry sesame plants (Vasudevahimḍī I 32, 28).
270
Addition to fn. 48, p. 173:
For "respected one" here in stanza 13 Schubring wrote 'my dear' in the margin of his personal copy. In the Pali canon pious lay people never address monks as āvuso.
For "dig a latrine" it may be noted that neither Svetâmbara monks (Dasav. 10, 2) nor Buddhist monks (Vinaya IV 33, 4) are permitted to dig the earth.
What Schubring explicitly translates as "trumpet" was not accepted by Alsdorf and Bollée who take the word to be indeed a 'bow'. For bows and arrows as toys see, e.g., Vinaya III 180, 27, Dighanikaya 17, 1 and Sivaramamurti 1956, p. 143.
As suggested by Alsdorf 1958, p. 269, lines 13cd and 14 ab do not fit in here. Bollée 1988, p. 178 therefore connects 13ab with 12, takes 13cd and 14ab together, and 14cd with 15.
Addition to fn. 49, p. 173:
For go-rahaga Alsdorf 1958, pp. 269f. refers to the existence of ox-carts as toys in Mohenjo Daro. See also Dongerkery 1954 (chapters II and IV, especially pp. 40f.) and Sharma 1971/1976, p. 25. Schubring apparently did not think of Südraka's Mrc-chakatikā. Alsdorf ibid. considers it possible that here the word sāmanera is used 'jokingly' for a 'Buddhist novice', as do Jacobi 1895, p. 277 and Bollée 1988, p. 178.
Addition to fn. 50, p. 173:
Schubring's translation "the clock-work with the drum" is incomprehensible without an explanation. Jacobi 1895, p. 277 translates it as a 'small pot' and Alsdorf 1958, p. 261 as a 'small bucket'. The Sanskrit etymon ghațikä means 'water jar' (Monier-Williams) with a neck and thus excludes the meaning 'bucket'. Together with the word samaṇera we may consider the Pāli word ghatika which can mean a stick as used in the tipcat game (Samantapäädikä 621, 7f. on Vinaya III 180, 24, here ghatika is masculine) and a small alms-bowl (Päli-English Dictionary). The words are probably homonyms.
Addition to fn. 51, p. 174:
The word "chair" here could refer to the easy seat permitted to Buddhist monks (Vinaya II 149, 24), perhaps as depicted in Mathura (see Auboyer 1949, p. 25) and Nagarjunikonda (Gobier 1976, plate 55, 1).
For "walking" Śilânka's scholion is mauñje kāṣṭha-pāduke va which Alsdorf 1958, p. 270 (as against Jacobi and Schubring) thinks of munja-paduka, 'slippers made of munja grass'. Buddhist monks are forbidden to wear them (Vinaya I 190, 3ff.). Silanka stresses that they are meant for wandering and not for walking.
Schubring's translation of the second line of this stanza 15: "for the sake of the pregnant woman's desire for a son" is ambiguous and in English could also mean: 'for the sake of the desire of a pregnant woman's son'. According to Śilânka, whom Schubring follows, the son's desires are meant. Alsdorf 1958, p. 261, however, translates: 'the cravings of the pregnant woman (in order to obtain) a son', and Jacobi 1895, pp. 277f.: 'Pregnant women order their husbands about like slaves to fulfil their craving'. Bollée 1988, p. 180 follows the tradition and renders this as 'sons' desires'.
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