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6. Reduction - Decrease in the intensity and duration of
the bonded karma due to specific action or volitional disposition is called reduction or Apavartanā. It is also known as Apakarṣaṇā.
(From the principles of Udvartanā and Apavartanā it follows that the intensity or otherwise of some types of karma can be varied with due effort and under suitable
states of volitional dispositions.) 7. Transformation - Changing the nature, duration, etc of
one sub-type of karma-matter into another sub-type of the same basic type is known as transformation or Sankramana.
(It must be noted that transformation is possible only amongst the sub-types of any basic type and not across the basic types. Only the karma-matters of similar nature are susceptible to transformation, those of different basic types are not so susceptible. However, there are some exceptions to this rule, too. No transformation is possible amongst the four sub-types of the Āyu karma as well as amongst the two sub-types of the deluding (Mohanīya) karma - Darśan Mohanīya and Caritra
Mohanīya.) 8. Suppression - The state of bonded karma-matter in which
fruition, premature fruition, augmentation, reduction and unchanged retribution are not possible is said to be the state of suppression or subsidence or Upaśaman. Exceptional Immutability (Nidhatti) - The state of the bonded karma-matter in which no changes like premature fruition, transformation, etc are possible is said to be that of Nidhatti. However, there are some exceptions. The changes in intensity and duration of the bonded karma-- matter by way of augmentations and reductions are
possible in this state. 10. Absolue Immutability – The state of karmic bondage in
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