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e. Kupya Pramānātikrama - Exceeding the limit for
wealth in the form of non-precious metal articles and other
household goods. II. Three Qualitative Vows –
The qualitative vows are meant to enhance the quality of observance of the five basic vows. They can be considered to be supplementary to the five basic vows. They are as under:6. Limiting Movement In All Directions (Diśā Parimāna Vrat)
This vow, as the name suggests aims at limiting the movement of the subject householder in ten directions - four cardinal directions i.e. East, West, North and South; four angular directions - Northeast, Northwest, Southeast and Southwest as well as two vertical directions - vertically upwards and vertically downwards. This vow, as can be guessed, is supplementary to the vow of nonviolence. The lesser the area of operation, the lesser the violence committed in doing so. The householder accepts suitable practical limits in these ten directions and abides
by them throughout his life.
The five excesses (Aticāra) of this vow concern exceeding the laid-down or accepted limits in respect of areas of operation in these ten directions. They are - a. Urdhva-diśā Pramānātikrama – Exceeding the limit
in the vertically upward direction, b. Adho-diśā Pramănătikrama - Exceeding the limit in
the vertically downward direction, C. Tiryak-diśā Pramānātikrama - Exceeding the limit in
the eight horizontal directions, d. Ksetra-vrddhi - Increasing the area of operation in one
or more directions, e. Smrti-bhramiśa – Forgetting the laid down limits.
258 : JAINISM: THE CREED FOR ALL TIMES
