Jainism and Karnataka Culture

Author(s): S R Sharma
Publisher: Karnataka Historical Research Society Dharwar

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JAINISM AND KARNATAKA CULTURE
III. IDEALISM AND REALISM
JAINISM AS IT WAS Jainism when it was first introduced different from presentday Jainism in the South-Transformations in matters of practical detail rather than in theory and principle-Digambara and Svetambara division becomes explicit from the date of migration-Antiquity of Digambara doctrine-Practice of nudity from Mahāvira to Aryamahagiri-Jaina religion integral despite minor differences Fundamentals: Atheism combined with belief in soul, Ahimsa, Karma, Liberation through Asceticism-Well organised in Social life--God did not create this universe which is self-existing and eternal-But Jainism not materialistic-- Jaina Ideal according to Kundakundācārya The Three Jewels-High ethical standard-Hylozoitic theory of life- Ahimsa and Karma compared with contemporary faiths Jaina views in Tiruvalluvar's Kūra!--Non-observance of Caste by Jainas–Social Constitution designed to carry out Jaina Ideals--Yatis and Śrāvakas--Their respective duties and function in the economy of lifc-Comparison with Brāhmanism, etc.Digambara denial of Môkşa to woman in the light of contemporary thought-Substratum of Jaina Idealism.
Pp. 128-141 JAINISM AS IT CAME TO BE How religions imperceptibly change--Prof. Lüder's testimony re Chinese Buddhism-Atheism vanishes in practice Jina functions for Brahma-Jaina piety not unlike Brāhmanical Bhakti-Evidences in inscriptions and literature-Jainism as explained to Buchanan-Ahimsa in theory and practiceOrigin of Castes-Subdivisions among the Digambaras-Sangha, Gana, Gaccha, Vali-Testimony of inscriptions-Brāhmaṇa, Kșatriya, Vaişya, Caturtha and Pancama-Anomalies and curiosities of caste- Jaina Rāmānuja, etc. --Origin of Pancama Jaina class-Caste-feeling remained after conversion-Catholics of Kanara--Sacred thread among the Southern Jainas Digam