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Jainism: The Cosmic Vision (Sarvatra-sama-darshana). This principle of equality must be attained both in thought and in action. In thought, it is the principle of Anekanta, in action, it is the principle of Ahimsa.
The one significant thing that we have inherited from Bhagwan Mahavira is the art of living. I would add that he teaches the art of dying too. The Jain way of living does not mean mere having and holding the breath; it means living a balanced life by keeping away from anger, hatred, wailing and complaining
The basic Nivrutti stand-point, characterising Jainism, is laid out as the foundation on which the entire structure of Jain philosophy, with all its salient features, is raised systematically and homogeneously. Tapas or the sustained mortification and control over the body as related to the Jivn is elaborated and insisted on in the Jain Canons. Even the harsher and more rigorous features of tapas are stressed. Lipavasa, Sallekhana and Brahmacharya have been the distinctive features of Jainism. Principally, Jain ethics specifies five minor vows (anuvratas), three social vows (gunavratas), and four spiritual vows (shikshavratas) to be carried out by the householder.
In addition to the five minor vows, the householder observes three social vows that govern his external conduct in the world. Then there are four spiritual vows that reflect the purity of his heart. They govern his internal life and are expressed in a life that is marked by charity (dana).
Jain thinkers have prescribed sub-minor-vows as precautionary measurnes. First, there is reference to the Shalyas or disturbing factors, such as ignorance, deceit and self-interest from which a person should free himself. The shalyas represent
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