________________
(vii)
Darkness is (a) that which darkens the soul or self due to rise of in-auspicious karmas, (b) that by which the soul is darkened or (c) blackness or obstruction itself.
The Jaina world of Non-living
(viii) Shadow is (a) that which obstructs or splits the light to from an equal sized image due to the presence of solid bodies like earth etc. ( in the path of light), (b) that by which the image is formed through the above process or (c) the image or shadow itself.
(ix) Hot light or generally heat is (a) that which heats or pains the self due to rise of pain-producing karmas or other bodies, (b) that by which the living and non-living bodies get hot or (c) heat itself.
Cold light or light is (a) that which illuminates the unveiled under cold conditions or (b) cold illumination or (c) light itself. (Moon light or glow worm is common example). All these modes are possessed by mattergic bodies.
2.
(x)
Sound has two varieties: (i) lingual or language-resulting and (ii) non-language-resulting or non-lingual.
3. The language- resulting sounds have two varieties : (i) alphabetical or scripted and (ii) non-alphabetical or non-scripted. The scripted language has two varieties: (i) Sanskṛta and (ii) non-Sanskṛta. Sanskṛta is the language which serves as means of communication among the civilised, cultured or aryan people. Non-sanskṛta languages serve the same purpose among primitive people.
Non-scripted language is observed among living beings having two or more senses They also serve as means of knowing the superiority or excellence in the knowledge of the gradually increasing - sensed beings. They also serve as means of learning the nature of things through the superior knowers or omniscients.
All this language-resulting sound is exertional (i.e. produced by non-natural sources or conscious exertions).
4.
The non-language-resulting sound has two varieties depending on their genesis: (i) natural or spontaneous and (ii) exertional or experimental. The natural sounds are produced irrespective of human exertion. They are produced by thunder clouds etc.
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