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The Jaina world of Non-living
1. The term 'substrate' (Asraya) here may be denoting a locative or accusative case. It may represent a locative case when it will mean an entity where the attributes reside. Thus, there will be a suffix 'gha' with the masculine substratum. Alternatively, it may represent an accusative case when it will mean an entity which is occupied by attributes. The term 'reality' has already been defined. 2. Q. If the attributes had been defined only as those which reside in the realities, there would be the possibility of diatomics etc. becoming an attribute because they are effects which are substrates for their causes like atoms. A. This contention is not correct. The term 'devoid of another attributes' is given in the aphorism to refute this possibility. There are attributes like colour etc. in diatomic etc. They can not, therefore, be attributes by themselves. 3. Q. If attributes are defined only as substrates of realities, the modes of shapes etc. of pitcher, will also become attributes as they have reality as their substratum and they are also devoid of other attributes. A. This is not correct. The term substrat of reality' removes this possibility. The substrate-substratum relationship implied here is that of permanent nature. The modes are not so. Thus, there cannot be possibility of attributeness in modes. Q. The term 'substrate of reality' is not necessary in the aphorism as attributes can be proved to be substrates even without this term as there cannot be attributes without substratum and there is no other substratum for them besides realities. A. This is not so. The term 'substrate of reality' here indicates that modes are excluded from this definition. 4. Q. Does it mean that additional terms in aphorism 5.41 indicate additional meanings ? Does this justify exclusion of modes from this definition? A. This is not correct. One can have an alternative meaning here. The compound word 'substrate of reality, has a sense of residence in another entity with a possessive meaning. The suffix is observed only in those entities which are permanently associated. Thus, the attributes are
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