________________
LECTURE viii
103 should be dutiful, energetic, bear good moral charactci and be skilled in different phases of industry Go
The Association or Guild of merchants should appoint counsellois to advise the villagers, companies of artizans and other associations.92 In the Samarāicca Kahā, we have reference to a king's commission composed of five principal citizens, which accompanied Dharana and Suvadana to the sea-shoie, and which counted gold and handed it ovei lo the former This passage suggests to us the practice of appointing an advisory board similar to the one advocated by Visnu in his code
We quote below a relevant extract "Then being headed by the commission of principal citizens from the king, Dharana, along with Suvadana went to the shore The gold was counted by the committee and was handed over to Dharana "02 Thus the Hindu and the Buddhist literatures support the Jaina view of thc state patronage of agriculture, industry and commerce and the placeincnt of the futurc citizens The State extended its co-operation to Associations or Guilds of incrchants, businessmen, artizans and agriculturists and constantly helped the people in their profession either by appointing special commission or through the advisers of the association.
This authority describes aules and regulations which remind us of their counterparts in mediaeval Europe,-compulsory residence, fixed period of training, the spirit of rigid seclusion, and above all the phenomenon of corporal punishment for the deserter The apprentice received free instruction, room and board and had to pay the honorariuni voluntarily to the teacher at the time of his returning home Thus vocational education was virtually free and compulsory.
The instruction in the house of the teacher and the work in the factory or farm were simultaneous The teacher was very cautious to place his apprentice on the appropriate occupation for which he was re ceiving theoretical instruction in the school Thus there was proper co-ordination between work in industry and teaching in the school The income of the apprentice for his work used to go to the teacher "The master shall teach him at his own home and
60 The Minor Law Books, p 347, veise 9. 61 Ibid, p 347, verse no 10. 62. Samai āicca Kahā, p. 78.
