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ACTIVITY AND ITS CONTROL
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lucid description of these troubles, 1 We make an attempt to reproduce the description in brief. The following are the twenty-two troubles: hunger, thirst, cold, heat, biting or stinging insects, nakedness, discontentment or disliking, women, wandering, isolation, lodging, abuse, punishment, begging, failure, illness, pricking of grass etc., dirt, kind and respectful treatment, knowledge, ignorance, and righteousness. Some of them are agreeable, whereas some of them are disagreeable. To regulate the mental, vocal, and physical activities of the individual it is necessary to conquer over both the favourable and unfavourable circumstances that may stand in his way. As is apparent from our previous discussion, the endurance of these troubles as well as the practice of moral virtues, self-discipline, and contemplation is not exclusively psychological but mingled with ethical precepts recognized by Jainism. We should also bear in mind that these ethical principles are to a great extent psychological. This being the reason we have without any hesitation discussed and shall discuss them. In fact the Indian conception of life is so interwoven that it is, however, most difficult or say impossible to study its various branches in an absolute isolation. Let us, with this fact in mind, proceed to the nature of the conquest of the aforesaid troubles.
(1) Though his body be weakened by hunger, a person who is strong in self-control, should not cut or cause another to cut anything to be eaten, nor cook it or cause another to cook it. (2) Though overcome by thirst, he should drink no cold water (Jaina monks are prohibited even to touch cold water in view of the danger of its life being hurt), but try to get distilled water, i.e., water which by boiling or some other process has become lifeless. Wandering about on deserted ways with dry throat and distressed, he should bear this trouble. (3) If he, on some occasion, suffers from cold on his wanderings, he should not walk beyond due time. I have no shelter and nothing to cover my skin, hence, I shall
a fire to warm myself;' such a thought should not be entertained by him. (4) If he suffers from the heat of hot things, or from the heat of his body, or from the heat of summer, he should not lament the loss of comfort. He should not desire for a bath,
1 Uttarādhyayana-sutra, II. (Sacred Books of the East, Vol. XLV,
pp. 8-15.)
