Jain Journal 2012 07

Author(s): Satyaranjan Banerjee
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 17

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JAIN JOURNAL: VOL-XLVII, NO. 1-IV JULY.-JUNE 12-13
yoga system with that of Buddhism and Patañjali, pt. Sukhalalji in his introduction of Tattvārthasūtra has disscussed these common features in detail, but according to these similarities or common features it is very difficult to prove one's impact on the another, though it can be generally accepted that these systems have a common source, from which they are developed and this common source was the Indian śramaņic tradition. In the later times, particularly in the sūtra-age we do find some common features in Patañjali's Yogasūtra and Umāswāti's Tattvārthsūtra, but being they named and explained differently, it can not be proved as a impact of one's on the another. Though pt. Sukhalalji in his introduction of Tattvārthsūtra has given 21 common points of conceptual similarity between Tattvārthasūtra and yoga-darśana, yet these common features are conceptualy denotes only the same meaning, but their names are except some totally different and due to this difference we can not say that one system has borrowed these from the another. It shows only the common sourse of them. In this canonical age Jainism has its own method of meditation and it is fully accepted that by which the ultimate end of emancipation can be acheived. In Jaina canonical works as well as in Dhyāna-sataka of Jinabhadra the meditation was considered of four kinds i.e. ārtadhyāna, raudra-dhyāna, dharma-dhyāna and sukladhyāna. In these four types of meditations first two i.e. the ārta-dhyāna and raudradhyāna were considered as the cause of bondage and the last two i.e. the dharma-dhyana and śukla-dhyāna were considered as the cause of emancipation, so far as I know this four types of classification of meditation is only the contribution of Jain Acaryas and we do not find this type of classification and the names of dhyanas in any other Indian yoga systems and so we can conclued that being some common features it is very defficult to show one's impact on the another.
Similarly the Samatva yoga, which is a key concept of Jaina yoga, is also a common feature of Buddhism and Hinduism in general