Jain Journal 2012 07

Author(s): Satyaranjan Banerjee
Publisher: Jain Bhawan Publication

Page 23

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JAIN JOURNAL: VOL-XLVII, NO. 1-IV JULY.-JUNE 12-13
tantra along with its rituals became prime. In these centuries the ultimate goal of yogic-sādhanā instead of emancipation, became the worldly achievements. Thus spiritual goal of yoga sādhanā was completely forgotten and material welfare take its place. Though in these centuries some commentaries of Jaina canonical and other works have been written, but the dominating feature of this age was the works on tantra, mantra and rituals. So in these centuries many works of Jaina rituals as well as tantra and mantra sādhanā have been written by the Jaina-ācāryas. In the early phase of this period the worship of sasana-devatas, Bhairavas and Yoginis became more prominant or the material wellfare and various Hindu gods and goddess became the part and parcel of Jaina Deities or Jaina Deva mandala. It was started even 6th and 7th century A.D. but came in culmination in the period.
The spiritual nature of Jaina-yoga was revived by the Yaśovijaya (17th century). He wrote the commentaries on the yoga works of Haribhadra along with some original yoga works such as Adhyātmasāra, Jñanasāra, Adhyātmophișad. Not only this Yaśovijaya has also written a commentary on the Yoga-sūtra of Patañjali. Similarly other spiritual Jaina thinker of this age was Ānandaghana, who also revived the Jaina spirituality and Yoga-sādhanā through his Padas and songs written in praise of 24 Tirtharkaras. The works of Yasovijaya and Ānandaghana are fully influenced by Haribhadra, yet some impact of Patanjali's, Rāja-yoga and Hatha-yoga can also be seen on them.
As I have already said that the impact of Hindu tantra and rituals on Jaina-yoga was the dominating feature of this age. Particularly the concepts of awakening of Kundalani and șatcakra-bhedana are crept in Jaina-yoga tradition due to the impact of Hindu-tantrika sadhana. Modern Age (20th Century):
So far as the modern age is concerned we have tremendous