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OCTOBER, 1897.)
CURRENCY AND COINAGE AMONG THE BURMESE.
253
CURRENCY AND COINAGE AMONG THE BURMESE.
BY R. O. TEMPLE. (Continued from p. 245.)
TICKAL. 1554. - Y.49 s. v. Macao (Kyaik-pakhaing near Pegu, not the place in China). - "The baar of Macao contains 120 biças, each biça 100 tioals." - A. Nunes, p. 39.
1554. Y... v. Viss. - "The baar of Pegut contains 120 biças; each biça weighs 40 ounces; the biça contains 100 ticals; the tical weighs 34 oitavas." - A. Nunes, p. 38.
1585. - Y. 8. v.-"Auuertendosi che vna bize di peso è per once Venetiane, e ogni bize e tecali cento, e vn gito val teccali 25, e vn abocco val teocali 12)." - G. Balbi, f. 108.
1636. - "The coinage of the country (Siam) is of very pure silver. The tical is worth 30 sols, the mace 7 sols, and the fonng 3 sols 9 deniers. They usually reckon by catties of silver ; each catty being worth 20 taels or 144 livres; for the tael is worth something more than. 7 francs." - Schouten, Oost-Indische Voyagie, p. 34.
1639. — “The money of this country (Siam) is very good, by reason the King only has power to stamp and so prevents variation of the value; there are of it three sorts : Ticals, Mases and Foangs ....Four Ticals make a Tayl." - Mandelslö, Travels, E. T., Vol. II. p. 130.
1678. - "Hee raised it to 2 Tooalls vpon notice that y price was advanced in China." - Anderson, Siam, p. 423.
1688. - Y. 8. . - The proportion of the (Siamese) money to ours is, that their Tical, which weighs no more than half-a-crown, is yet worth three shillings and three half-pence." - La Loubère, E.T., p. 72.
1688. - "The Tical is a silver coin and is worth four mayons ... . All these names are not Siamese, bat common amongst the Europeans which are at Siam . . .. Tical and mayon are words the Origin of which I am ignorant of, and which the Siameses do call baat and seling." - La Loubère, E. T., p. 164.
1727.-Y... "Pegu Weight 1 Viece is 39 on. Troy, or 1 Viece is 100 teculs ; 140 viece is a Bahaar. The Bahaar is 3 Pecul China."- A. Hamilton, Vol. II. p. 317.
c. 1759.- Y... 0.-"A dozen or 20 fowls may be bought for a Tioal (little more than a Crown)." - Dalrymple, Or. Repert., Vol. I. p. 121.
1775. - Y. s..-"Pegu weight: 100 moo - 1 Tual; 100 tual =] vis - 3 lbs. 5 oz. 5 dr. avr.; 150 vis = 1 candy. Siam : 80 tuals =1 catty ; 50 catties = 1 Pecul (tual is obviously a misprint for tical]." - Stevens, New and Complete Guide to E. I. Trade.
1782.- “The principal money of this country is silver.... the smallest denomi. nation is the Tycal." - Hunter, Pegu, p. 85.
1783.-Y., v. "The merchandise is sold for teecalls, a round piece of silver, stamped and weighing about one rupee and a quarter." - Forrest, Voyage to Vergui, p. vii.
1783.- "Lorsqu'on fait un marché (à Rangon) on traite par Tical et par Bize .... L'or se pese aussi et vaut 25 à 28 Ticals d'argent selon la rareté. Le tout se livre au poids. Il n'y a de monnoye proprement dite que les Piastres que l'on pese aussi. La Tical vaut 48 a 50 6. de France. La Bize vaat 100 Ticals. La Piastre vaut 2 Tioals ce qui fait environ 51. 12 a. de France." - Flouest in Toung Pao, Vol. II. p. 41.
12 y. in this connection refers to Yule's Hobson-Jobson, where the quotation in the text will be found. In addition to the words given ante, p. 216, n. 40, I have come across "candil or cradil." candil scandy; cradil (1) Xharf=khadi-khandt. Collection of Dutch Voyagea, 1709, Appi. to First Voyage, 1595-7, p. 247. Alen in De Morga, 1609, Hak. Eoc. Ed., p. 271, nipal tree occurs for nipa, no doubt through Part. ripar. See Yule, Hobcon-Jobson, , v.
