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168/The Rāṣṭrakūtas and Jainism
Govinda, Bhadradeva (Budhräja) Vādyega, (Vāgarāja). Except for a few birudas of Prakrit or Kannada influence, most of the epithets are of Sanskrit origin.
6.1.2.4. Similarly some nomen of emperors like Kannara, Govindara, Karkara exhibit the influence of Kannada language. Word final morpheme-ara/-ra is a shortened form of arasa(n), which means 'a king'. Of the three semantically equal words, rājan is Sanskrit, rāya is Prakrit and arasa(n) is Kannada. Again, arasan is also a borrowing from Sanskrit rajan, but it is typical Dravidianised way of assimilating Sanskrit borrowings; Tamil arasan is a cognate. Prakrit literature: A retrospect
6.2. A Prakrit adage samaņō amōgha vayanō has its resonance in the Sankrit epigram of śramaṇaha amōgha vacanaha, and its vibration in the Kannada maxim puttum battaleyum baridilla, neither an anthill nor a naked monk will be empty. Jaina monk possess nothing of worldly belonging. On the other hand, the naked ascetics were a fund of knowledge. Many of them were a mobile encyclopaedia. They were satā vadhānis, a hundred fold attentive, concentration personified.
6.2.1. Jaina literature is termed as śramanic or parivrājaka ('a wondering recluse') or ascetic literature. This śramanic literature, though authored by the wondering recluse, is meant for the whole mankind. Jainalore disregards the system of castes, and varṇāśramas, i.e., the order of the four castes the Brahmin, the Ksatriya, the Vaisya, and the Śūdra. Heroes of ascetic literature are not gods and goddess, but kings, traders and sūdras.
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6.2.2. Thanks to the Jaina pontiffs of Mathura who launched 'Sarasvati movement' in 2nd and 1st cent. B. C., when the knowledge of the Angas (limbs) and Purvas (old texts) began to suffer losses and dwindle in volume. Jaina
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