Elusive Consciousness

Author(s): Narendra Bhandari, Surendrasingh Pokharana, Jitendra B Shah
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad

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conservation laws in physics which are foundation of all scientific measurements. Thus we have conservation laws for energy, linear momentum, angular momentum etc. Now all these conservation laws are defined for isolated closed systems, thus approximating the nature. Thus energy is defined as that variable of a closed isolated system which does not change over time. But in nature, we can never have a completely closed isolated system. Similarly linear momentum is defined as that property of a closed isolated system which remains invariant with any spatial displacement and so on. Hence the mere definitions of conservation laws are not perfect because they first divide the world and then try to define it. The interaction among these systems is then studied by considering the nature and magnitude of the interaction among them.
3.2 Gödel's incompleteness theorems
The most attractive aspect of scientific knowledge is its mathematical basis. We generally feel that this mathematical representation of various scientific facts makes our knowledge more precise and accurate. However, from the following theorems which have been put forward by the great mathematician Kurtz Gödel, we find that any mathematical representation of any physical reality limits our knowledge of that reality. Not only has this but the theorem also implied that none of the languages or representation can express the reality of nature with perfection. Complete knowledge must necessarily have its foundation in an unexpressed, unmanifest field of intelligence. Let us begin with the theorems. (For details, see the article by Bhandari and Pokharna in this volume on Anekantvada and Syadvada)
3.3 Physical systems versus living systems and the General Systems Theory
For biological systems which are so strongly interacting with each other, interactions can be more important than the individual qualities of the systems. In fact these individual qualities are constantly changing with time due to interactions at different levels. Thus for example, one cannot label a person as a good or bad from certain point of view, because he may be very good from another point of view. In addition, he or she may just change in very short time due to interaction with other persons or some situation. Also all living beings are essentially irreversible in nature, that is they grow and decay and they are also open systems compared to the physical systems (which are treated as closed systems, with some approximation). They constantly interact with the environment like, human beings takes oxygen from atmosphere and releases carbon di-oxide. In addition, human systems have memory which makes it impossible to do any scientific
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