Contribution Of Jaina Writers To Nyaya Vaisesika Literature

Author(s): J N Jaitley
Publisher: J N Jaitley

Page 16

120
Bharati
works he wrote 32 Dvātrimśikās or 32 treatises, each containing 32 verses. Out of these 32 Dvātrimśikās only 21 are available at present. In these Dvātrimsikā No. 12 deals with the Nyāya school while No. 14 with the Vai esika school. All these works show Divākara's intellectual vigour and profound scholarship.
Now we find that in Nyāyasūtra and its Bhāşya the term Ekāntal is used to suggest an extreme view which by that very reason is regarded as unacceptable in them. The following passage of the Bhāşya will show that Anekānta point of view was also known to the Nyāya school of thought.
ते खल्विमे सङख्यकान्ता यदि विशेषकारितस्यार्थभेदविस्तारस्थ प्रत्याख्यानेन वर्तन्ते प्रत्यक्षानुमानागमविरोधात्मिथ्यावादा भवन्ति । अथाऽभ्युज्ञानेन वर्तन्ते । समानकारितोऽर्थसङग्रहो विशेषकारितश्चार्थभेद इत्येवमेकान्तत्वं जहतीति । ते खल्वेते तत्त्वज्ञानsfadar IIT: geferat fat i F241. F. 8-8-63
There are two other topics which may also be mentioned here.
The word Vibhajyavāda was also known in the sense of Syādvāda and Anekāntavāda to Indian philosophers. Siddhasena Divakara uses the word Bhayaņā or Bhajaņā? in the sense of Anekānta. Vātsyāyana in his Nyāya-Bhāşya uses the word Vibhajya-Vacaniya3 in the sense of viewing an object from different view points.
Siddhasena Divākara in the Sanmati-Tarka-Prakaraña enumerates the following six characteristics of the soul which are also worth comparing with those mentioned in the Nyāyasūtra4 and the Vaišeşikasūtra 5.
अत्थि आविणासधम्भी करेइ वेएइ अत्थि निव्वाणं । .
अत्थि य मोक्खोवायो छ सम्मतस्स ठाणाई॥ ३-३५ ।
The points of similarity discussed above clearly point to the influence of the earlier Nyāya-Vaiseșika thought on Siddhasena Divākara. According to Jaina tradition, Siddhasena Divākara was a learned Brāhmaņa Pandita. He was converted to the faith of Jainism by VỊddhavādi. In the light of this tradition we should not be, in any way surprised if he utilized his Brāhmaṇic learning for organizing and defending his new faith. Acārya Samantabhadra (5th Cen. A.D.):
In the same age, the Digambara sect produced a great Ācārya in Samantabhadra. Aptamīmāṁsā, Svayambhū-Stotra and Yuktyanuśāsana
1 NS 4-1-43 and also Nbh on NS 4-1-29 and 4-1-34. 2 Sanmati 3-27. 3 Nbh on NS 2-1-12. 4 NS 1-1-10.
5 VS 3-2-5.