Ayaramga Sutta

Author(s): Hermann Jacobi
Publisher: UK Pali Text Society

Page 10

PREFACE.
VU.
The numerals 2-19 make the Inst. Gen. Loc. by adding hi(m), nha(w), su to the bases do, ti, cau, pamca, etc. 20, etc. have in Inst. Gen. Loc. risce, etc.
The ordinals: 1 padhama, 2 docca bitiya biya, 3 tacca tatiya, 4 cauttha, 5 pancama, 6 chattha, 7 sattama, 8 atthama, 9 narama, 10 dusama etc., 20 risaima, 30 tisaima tisa etc.
The conjugational forms in Prakrit have been considerably reduced, even if compared with those in Pâli. In some tenses the third persons of the singular and plural only seem to be used.
As regards the verbal bases, little difference exists between Prakṣit and Pâli except those occasioned by the above phonetical laws of the former. Observe that verbs of the 5th class (srådi) and kar take e instead of o: sumeti, kareti, and that the â of the 9th class (kiyadi) is generally shortened, jänati.
The Attanopadam is nearly disused, rests are: sere, serate, seramte. The Parassapadam is also used in the Passive (Whůve).
The Present (vattamânâ). gacclanni
gacchâmo (Pali gacchåma) gacchasi gacchaha (Pali gacchatha)
gacchati, oai gacchamti. Thus suņemi, kahemi, etc.
Imperative (pañcamî). gacchami
gacchâmo gaccha, gacchahi, Pahi gacchaha, 'ha gacchatu
gacchamtu The regular form of the Optative (sattamî) ends in vijâ, and properly belongs to the 3rd person sing. gacchejja ; 2nd person gacchcijäsi (?). Another frequent form of the 3rd person ends in c, gacche, etc., while that in iyå is used of a few verbs : júniyi, haniya, siya. Notice also hoja, kuija, bûyû.
The three persons of the Imperfect (hîyattanî) or Aorist (ajjattani) end in itthả and imsu : Sing. gacchitthá, Plur. qacchimsu (karétthâ, karemsu). Notice hottha, áhu, ahamsu. Irregular are the following forms: 1st person Sing.'akarissam, akâsé ; 3rd person sing. åsi, ési, bhuri, kare, pucche; akasi, acári, addakkhu, ahesi, radási.