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208 Aspects of Brahmanicu i Influence on the Mouna lg.hslapy were styled and distinguished as Doijas.20 To this sacred thrcad werc cntitled all the discerning twicc-born, living according to their class rulcs, by 152 (swords-arms), Masi (ink) and Krşı (cultivation) and Vanliga? (trade and come mcrce)
In thc abovc mcans of subsırıcncc thc ecrm Ast is sym. bolic of thc military class entrusted vich the duty of protecting the masses Similarly, kipsi and Yanijja werc thc approved mcans of living of the Varsyas. That being the case, Jinascna obviously includes the lisatriyas and thc Varsyas in the Doijavarna of which the Brahmana class formed onc unit. In vicw of the fact the term Maşi, mentioned above, may logically bc taken as indicative of the means of livelihood of the Brährianavarna The word hcrc and clscwherr. symbolizces study and teaching and as such is equivalent to adhit and adhyapona, two of the special duties and privilcgcs of a Bräilmana Further, Ması has already been mentioned as one of the six noble mcansa' of living of the people and is said to have been sanctioncd by Lord Rsabha 4 This fact, then, goes against the theory of the later origin of the Brāhmana-Varna, as advanced by all the Jaina authors Besides, we meet with some passages in the MP which rcycal the same fact about the origin of the Brāhmanas as the Bralimanıcal sources The Brāhmanas, for instance, are mentioncd as Agrajasas (first-born), which fact apparently admits the claim of the Brahmanas to the priority of origin in the scheme of Varnas and at another place those are stated to have sprung from the mouth of Svayambhū, ic Brahma (Svayambhudät mukhājjāt āh26) Again, in the same context the author derives the 20 Ibid 38 47-49 21 तत्तु स्यादसिवृत्त्या वा मण्या कृप्या वणिज्यया । यथास्व वर्तमानाना सदृष्टीना द्विजन्मनाम् ।।
-MP 40 107, 22 Ibid , 16 246 23 Ibid , 16 170 24 Ibid , 16 180. 25 40 217 20 39 117a
