Abhidha

Author(s): Tapasvi Nandi, Jitendra B Shah
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad

Page 44

[35] It may be noted that Mahimā has expressed such terms as 'sadrsya' and 'sādharmya', simultancously. He has observed : (pp. 114, ibid) “na hi anunmattaḥ kaścit, kvacit, kiñcit, kathamcit, sādharmyam an-utpaśyan eva akasmāt tattvam āropayati" - i. e. without perceiving 'sādharmya' i.e. the state of having similar or common qualities in any way whatsoever, nobody goes for superimposition of any object on any other object. So the cause of superimposition is apprehension of similarity alone. 'Sādņśya' i. e. - similarity, and 'sādharmya' or having common qualities, are two important terms used in literary criticism. Dr. Rewaprasad observes (pp. 115, ibid) that Mammața has accepted 'upamā' i. e. simile as : 'sādharmya resting on difference", wh his followers (such as Visvanātha) have defined it as similarity (based on difference of objects). Vāmanācārya Jhalkikar in his Bāla-bodhini commentary on the K. P. has discussed at length with reference to both 'sādharmya' and 'sādrsya'. Between these two he accepts “prayojya-prayojaka' bhāva-sambandha" i. e. the relation of promoter and promoted; here sādharmya being the promoter and ‘sādịśya' being promoted thereby. For Bhartrhari 'sādharmya' stands for 'samāna-dharma-sambandha', i. e. - relation based on similar or common qualities. The etymology of the term 'sādharmya' goes as, "samāno dharmo yayos tau sa-dharmānau, tayor bhāvaḥ”. BhartȚhari explains the taddhita-pratyaya conveying 'bhāva', and used after a compound, as 'sambandha' or relation. “krt- taddhitasamāsebhyaḥ sambandhābhidhānam bhāva-pratyayena" - In the term 'sādharmya', the 'syan pratyaya is in the sense of bhāva' only. In the notes attached to the 'kāma-dhenu' commentary on Vāmana, Kaiyata's words are quoted. There the explanation of 'bhava' as - "prakrti-janya-bodhe prakārībhūto bhāvah" — is also useful in the present context. The meaning of this expression is that, “by bhāva' is meant that 'dharma' or quality, which is lying inside that portion, of a word, to which a pratyaya is attached. In the word 'sādharmya', the pratyaya 'syan' is attached to the word 'sa-dharma' or 'sa-dharman'. Its meaning is that which has similar (or common) qualities." Thus here 'samāna-dharma' is the višeşana and the vyakti or person adorned with this is 'visesya'. 'syan' suffix is used in the sense of 'bhāva'. So, it means, "samāna-dharma.” But the apprehension of “samāna-dharma" is caused by