Abhidha

Author(s): Tapasvi Nandi, Jitendra B Shah
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad

Page 76

[67]
Hemacandra
Hemacandra gives a four-fold classification of words such as-mukhya, gauna, lakṣaka and vyañjaka.
Kā.s'a (1.15) "mukhya-gauna-lakṣya-vyangyārtha-bhedāt mukhya-gaunalakṣaka-vyañjakäḥ śabdāḥ" (pp. 18, Edn. Dr. T. S. Nandi, Ahmedabad, June 2000, Pub. L. D. Institute of Indology).
He explains 'mukhya' artha as "sākṣāt samketa-visayo mukhyaḥ" (K.S.I. 16, pp. 18, ibid) He adds in this vṛtti - "avyavadhānena yatra sanketaḥ kriyate, sa mukham iva, hastādyavayavebhyaḥ prathamam pratīyate iti mukhyah. sa ca jati-guna-kriya-dravya-rupaḥ, tad-visayaḥ śabdo mukhyo vācakaḥ iti ca ucyate. yatha gauḥ, śuklah, calati, devadatta iti. yad āha - mahābhāṣyakāraḥ - 'catustayī sabdānām pravṛttih' iti.
Hemacandra is clearly under the impression of both Mukula and Mammata. But the chief merit of this ācārya is that he puts things with absolute clarity and lucidity. He observes that the discussion of the nature of 'jāti' and the like is irrelevant to the point and is therefore not discussed here: "jātyādi-svarupam ca prakṛta-anupayogat na iha vipañcyate." He refers in brief to the views on sanketagrahana such as: "jātiḥ eva sanketa-viṣaya iti eke. tadvān iti apare, apoha iti anye."
Though Hemacandra has not elaborated this topic in the body of his text which he calls the kā.śa and alamkara-cuḍāmani, the name given by him to his svopajñā vṛtti, he discusses at length in his 'viveka' a commentary attached to the text, but also written by himself. Obviously, he has written 'viveka' for the more advanced students of this sastra, i. e. literary aesthetics. He says (pp. 1, Edn. kā. śā. with Viveka, by Prof. R. C. Parikh and Prof. Dr. V. M. Kulkarni, Bombay, '64) -
"vivarīkartum kvacid drbdham
navam sandarbhitum kvacit,
kāvyānuśāsanasyāyam
vivekaḥ pravitanyate."