Abhidha

Author(s): Tapasvi Nandi, Jitendra B Shah
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad

Page 67

[58]
samhṛtya, sa
sahityaprakāśa etadṛśo bhavati.'
Chap. XI. p. 430, Śr. Pra. Vol. II The scheme of the whole work is contained in the definition, ‘śabdārthau sahitau kavyam', and under the edifice of the Śr. Pra. lies the foundation and system called Sahitya. This has been already pointed out above in Ch. IV (of Śr. Pra. Raghavan). Sahitya is thus defined by Bhoja. It is the relation between Śabda and Artha and is of twelve kinds. Eight of these twelve Sahityas can be called general and the last four, are special and can be classed as the poetic Sahityas.
"kim sahityam ? yaḥ śabdarthayoḥ sambandhaḥ sa ca dvādaśadhā, abhidhā, vivakṣā, tātparyam, pravibhāgaḥ, vyapekṣā, sāmarthyam, anvayaḥ, ekārthi-bhāvaḥ, doṣahānam, guṇopādānam, alamkārayogah, rasa-aviyogaśceti."
Again, at the beginning of chapter VII which begins the treatment of Sahitya, Bhoja repeats these twelve-fold relations between sabda and Artha as constituting Sahitya.
"tatra abhidha-vivakṣā-tātparya-pravibhāga-vyapekṣā-sāmarthya-anvayaekārthibhāva-doṣahāna-guṇopādāna-alamkārayoga-rasa-aviyogarūpāḥ śabdarthayoḥ dvādaśa sambandhāḥ sahityam ucyate." Vol. I. P. 428, Śr. Pra.
Even the earlier work of Bhoja, the S.K.A. contains indications of this conception of Sahitya of Bhoja. The first verse of the work- "dhvanir varṇaḥ padam vākyam etc. covers part of contents of chapters I-VI of the Śr. Pra and the second verse of the S.K.A. gives the last four-fold poetic Sahitya,
""
doṣahāna, guṇādāna, alamkārayoga, and rasaviyoga or rasānvaya; and commenting on the above-said first verse of the S.K.A., Ratneśvara who is acquainted well with Śṛ. Pra. says:
-
tad ayamatra tätparya-samkṣepaḥ. śahitya-nirupaṇāya kila eṣa grantharambhaḥ. sahityam ca sabdarthayoḥ sambandhaḥ tatra sabda eva ka ityapekṣāyām ayam vibhāgo dhvanir ityādi arthastu stambha-kumbha-ādilakṣaṇaḥ loke śāstre ca prasiddhaḥ, sambandhaḥ kaścid anādiḥ, sarvasvāyamānas tu sambandhaḥ nānyatreti asminnayatate. sa caturvidhaḥdoṣahānam, guṇopādāṇam, alamkārayogaḥ, rasābhi(vi) yogaśceti."
Ratnesvara on S.K.Ā.I.