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________________ zvetAmbara mUlasaMgha evaM mAthura saMgha : eka vimarza sAmAnyatayA jaina vidyA ke vidvAnoM evaM zodhakartAoM kI yaha apane lekha meM jo kundakunda jJAnapITha, indaura se prakAzita 'arhat vacana' spaSTa avadhAraNA hai ki mUlasaMgha aura mAthurasaMgha kA sambandha jainadharma kI patrikA ke janavarI 1992 ke aMka meM prakAzita huA hai, inameM se do digambara paramparA se hI hai, kyoMki jaina abhilekhoM evaM sAhityika strotoM abhilakhoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| inake anusAra je.143 krama kI pratimA meM mUlasaMgha evaM mAthurasaMgha ke ullekha sAmAnyatayA digambara paramparA ke sAtha ke abhilekha kI vAcanA isa prakAra haihI pAye jAte haiN| saMyoga se lekhaka ko jainavidyA saMsthAna kI baiThaka meM "saMvat 1038 kArtika zukla ekAdazyAM lakhanaU jAne kA prasaMga AyA aura vahA~ use DaoN. zailendra kumAra rastogI zrI zvetAmbara (mAthura) saMghena pazcima... Adi ke sahayoga se mathurA kI jaina mUrtiyoM ke saMgraha ko dekhane kA avasara kAryA zrI devanimmita pratimA prtisstthaapitaa|" milaa| vahA~ jaba usane mathurA se prApta IsA kI dasavIM-gyArahavIM zatAbdI isI prakAra je. 145 krama kI pratimA ke abhilekha kI unakI kI padmAsana mudrA meM lagabhaga 5 phITa UMcI vizAlakAya lekhayukta tIna vAcanA nimnAnusAra haijina pratimAyeM dekhI, to use eka sukhada Azcarya huaa| ina tIna pratimAoM "saMvat 1134 zrI zvetAmbara zrI mAthura saMghapara zvetAmbara mUlasaMgha aura zvetAmbara mAthurasaMgha ke ullekha pAye jAte haiM zrI devanirmita pratimA kaariteti|" jo ki atyanta virala hai| isake pUrva taka lekhaka kI bhI yaha spaSTa pro. bAjapeyI kI je. 143 krama kI pratimA kI vAcanA phyUrara avadhAraNA thI ki zve. paramparA meM kisI bhI kAla meM mUlasaMgha aura mAthurasaMgha kI vAcanA se kvacit bhinna hai prathama to unhoMne saMvat ko 1036 ke kA astitva nahIM rahA hai| ata: usane dhyAnapUrvaka ina lekhoM kA adhyayana sthAna para 1038 par3hA hai, dUsare mUlasaMghena ko (mAthura) saMghena ke rUpa karanA prAraMbha kiyaa| sarvaprathama lakhanaU myUjiyama ke usa rikArDa ko dekhA meM par3hA hai| yadyapi uparyukta donoM vAcanAoM 'zvetAmbara' evaM 'mAthurasaMgha' ke gayA jisameM ina mUrtiyoM kA vivaraNa thaa| yaha rikArDa jIrNa-zIrNa evaM sambandha meM vAcanA kI dRSTi se kisI prakAra kA koI matabheda nahIM hai| TaMkita rUpa meM upalabdha hai| rikArDa ko dekhane para jJAta huA ki usameM mUlasaMghena pATha ke sambandha meM thor3e gambhIra adhyayana kI apekSA hai| sarvaprathama je.143 krama kI pArzvanAtha kI pratimA ke vivaraNa ke sAtha-sAtha abhilekha hama isI sambandha meM vistAra se carcA kreNge| kI vAcanA bhI romana akSaroM meM dI gaI hai| isakA devanAgarI rUpAntaraNa jaba maiMne je. 143 kramAMka kI mUrti ke lekha ko svayaM dekhA isa prakAra hai to yaha pAyA ki usame utkIrNa zvetAmbara zabda bahuta hI spaSTa hai aura anya saMvat 1036 kArtikazuklAekAdazyAM do pratimAoM meM bhI zvetAmbara zabda kI upasthiti hone se usake vAcana zrIzvetAmbaramUlasaMghena pazcima catu (zthI), meM koI bhrAnti kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai| 'mUla' zabda ke pazcAt kA saMghena zabda kayaM zrIdevanirmitA pratimA prtisthaapitaa| bhI spaSTa rUpa se par3hane meM AtA hai kintu madhya kA vaha zabda jise phyUrara dasarI je. 144 krama kI pratimA ke nIce jo abhilekha hai usakA ne 'mUla' aura pro. bAjapeyI ne 'mAthura' par3hA hai, spaSTa nahIM hai| jo abhilekha vAcana isa prakAra diyA gayA hai kI pratilipi mujhe prApta hai aura jo smitha ke grantha meM prakAzita hai usameM zvetAmbara...... mAthura...... devanimmitA...... prtisthaapitaa| prathama 'ma' to spaSTa hai kintu dUsarA akSara spaSTa nahIM hai, use 'la' 'lu' tIsarI je. 145 krama kI mUrti para jo abhilekha aMkita hai aura 'thu' ina tInoM rUpoM meM par3hA jA sakatA hai| use 'mUla' mAnane meM kaThinAI usakI vAcanA nimnAnusAra hai yaha hai ki 'ma' ke sAtha 'U kI mAtrA' spaSTa nahIM hai| yadi hama use 'mAthura' saMvat 1134 zrIzvetAmbara zrImAthurasaMgha par3hate haiM to 'ma' meM A kI mAtrA aura ra kA abhAva pAte haiN| sAmAnyatayA zrIdevateti abhilekhoM meM kabhI-kabhI mAtrAoM ko utkIrNa karane meM asAvadhAniyAM ho vinirmitApratimAkRta jAtI haiN| yahI kAraNa rahA hai ki mAtrA kI sambhAvanA mAnakara jahAM phyUrara isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki ina tInoM abhilekhoM meM se eka ke vAcana ke AdhAra para lakhanaU myUz2iyama ke upalabdha rikArDa meM 'mUla' abhilekha meM zvetAmbara mUlasaMgha aura do abhilekhoM meM zvetAmbara mAthurasaMgha mAnA gayA hai| vahIM pro. bAjapeyI ne 'U kI mAtrA' ke abhAva ke kAraNa kA ullekha hai| vI.e. smitha ne apanI kRti 'di jaina stUpa eNDa adara ise 'mUla' par3hane meM kaThinAI kA anubhava kiyA aura anya pratimAoM meM eNTIkyUTIja Apha mathurA' meM inameM se do lekhayukta mUrtiyoM ko prakAzita 'mAthura' zabda kI upasthiti ke AdhAra para apanI vAcanA meM 'mAthura' zabda kiyA hai| sAtha hI yaha bhI ullekha kiyA hai ki phyUrara ke anusAra ye donoM ko koSThakArtagata rakhakara mAthura pATha kI saMbhAvanA ko sUcita kiyaa| yaha mUrtiyA~ mathurA ke zvetAmbara saMgha ko samarpita thiiN| satya hai ki isa pratimA ke lagabhaga 100 varSa pazcAt kI do pratimAoM sva. pro. ke.DI. bAjapeyI ne bhI 'jaina zramaNa paramparA' nAmaka meM mAthura zabda kA spaSTa ullekha hone se unakA jhukAva mAthura zabda kI
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________________ zvetAmbara mUlasaMgha evaM mAthura saMgha eka vimarza : ora huA hai kintu mujhe jitanI Apatti 'mUla pATha' ko mAnane meM haiM usase adhika Apatti unake 'mAthura' pATha ko mAnane meM hai kyoMki 'mUla pATha' mAnane meM to kevala 'U' kI mAtrA kA abhAva pratIta hotA hai jabaki mAthura pATha mAnane meM 'A' kI mAtrA ke abhAva ke sAtha-sAtha 'ra' kA bhI abhAva khaTakatA hai| isa sambandha meM adhika nizcitatA ke lie maiM DaoN. zailendra kumAra rastogI se samparka kara rahA hU~ aura unake uttara kI pratIkSA hai| sAtha hI svayaM bhI lakhanaU jAkara usa pratimA lekha kA adhika gambhIratA se adhyayana karane kA prayAsa karUMgA aura yadi koI spaSTa samAdhAna mila sakA to pAThakoM ko sUcita karU~gA / mujhe duHkha ke sAtha sUcita karanA par3a rahA hai ki AdaraNIya pro. ke. DI. bAjapeyI kA svargavAsa ho gayA hai phira bhI pAThakoM ko svayaM jAnakArI prApta karane ke lie yaha sUcita kara denA Avazyaka samajhatA hU~ ki yaha je. 143 krama kI pratimA lakhanaU myUjiyama ke praveza dvAra se saMlagna prakoSTha ke madhya meM pradarzita hai isakI UMcAI lagabhaga 5 phITa hai| je. 143 krama kI pratimA ke abhilekha ke 'mUla' aura 'mAthura' zabda ke vAcana ke isa vivAda ko chor3akara tInoM pratimAoM ke abhilekhoM ke vAcana meM kisI AMti kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hai| una sabhI pratimAoM meM zvetAmbara zabda spaSTa hai| mAthura zabda bhI anya pratimAoM para spaSTa hI hai, phira bhI yahA~ isa sambandha meM uThane vAlI anya zaMkAoM para vicArakara lenA anupayukta nahIM hogaa| yaha zaMkA ho sakatI hai ki inameM kahIM zvetAmbara zabda ko bAda meM to utkIrNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai ? kintu yaha saMbhAvanA nimna AdhAroM para nirasta ho jAtI hai: 1. ye tInoM hI pratimAeM mathurA ke utkhanana ke pazcAt se zAsanAdhIna rahI hai| ataH unake lekhoM meM paravartI kAla meM kisI paramparA dvArA parivartana kI saMbhAvanA svataH hI nirasta ho jAtI hai / punaH 'zvetAmbara' mUla saMgha aura mAthura saMgha tInoM hI zabda abhilekhoM ke madhya meM hone se unake paravartIkAla meM utkIrNa kiye jAne kI AzaMkA bhI samApta ho jAtI hai| 2. pratimAoM kI racanAzailI aura abhilekhoM kI lipi eka hI kAla kI hai| yadi lekha paravartI hote to unakI lipi meM svAbhAvika rUpa se antara A jaataa| 3. ina pratimAoM ke zvetAmbara hone kI puSTi isa AdhAra para bhI ho jAtI hai ki pratimA krama je. 143 ke nIce pAdapITha para do muniyoM kA aMkana hai| unake pAsa morapicchI ke sthAna para zve. paramparA meM pracalita Una se nirmita rajoharaNa pradarzita hai| 4. utkhanana se yaha bhI siddha ho cukA hai ki mathurA ke stUpa ke pAsa hI zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM paramparAoM ke alaga mandira the jahA~ digambara paramparA kA mandira pazcima kI ora thA, vahIM zvetAmbara mandira stUpa ke nikaTa hI thaa| 5. ina tInoM pratimAoM ke zve. hone kA AdhAra yaha hai ki tInoM ho pratimAoM meM zrI devanirmita zabda kA prayoga huA hai| zvetAmbara sAhityika strotoM se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki usameM mathurA ke stUpa ko 631 devanirmita mAnane kI paramparA thii| sAtavIM zatAbdI se lekara terahavIM zatAbdI taka ke aneka zvetAmbara granthoM meM isa stUpa ko devanirmita kahA gayA hai| pro. ke. DI. bAjapeyI ne jo yaha kalpanA kI hai ki ina mUrtiyoM ko zrI devanirmita kahane kA abhiprAya zrI deva (jina) ke sammAna meM ina mUrtiyoM kA nirmita honA hai-vaha bhrAMta hai| unheM devanirmita stUpa sthala para pratiSThita karane ke kAraNa devanirmita kahA gayA hai| zve. sAhityika strotoM se yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki jinabhadra, haribhadra, bappabhaTTi, vIrasUri Adi zvetAmbara muni mathurA Aye the| haribhadra ne yahA~ mahAnizItha Adi granthoM ke punarlekhana kA kArya tathA yahA~ ke stUpa aura mandiroM ke jIrNodvAra ke kArya karavAye the| 9vIM zatI meM bappabhaTTisUri ke dvArA mathurA ke stUpa evaM mandiroM ke punarnirmANa ke ullekha suspaSTa hai| isa AdhAra para mathurA meM zve. saMgha evaM zve. mandira kI upasthiti nirvivAda rUpa se siddha ho jAtI hai| aba mUla prazna yaha hai ki kyA zvetAmbaroM meM koI mUlasaMgha aura mAthura saMgha thA aura yadi thA to vaha kaba, kyoM aura kisa paristhiti meM astitva meM AyA? mUlasaMgha aura zvetAmbara paramparA mathurA ke pratimA kramAMka je. 143 ke abhilekha ke phyUrara ke vAcana ke atirikta abhI taka koI bhI aisA abhilekhIya evaM sAhityika pramANa upalabdha nahIM hai jisake AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA jA sake ki zvetAmbara paramparA meM kabhI mUla saMgha kA astitva rahA hai| jaisA ki hama pUrva meM sUcita kara cuke haiM ki isa abhilekha vAcana ke sambandha meM bhI do mata haiM- phyUrara Adi kucha vidvAnoM ne use 'zrI zvetAmbara mUlasaMghena' par3hA hai, jabaki pro. ke. DI. bAjapeyI ne isake 'zrI zvetAmbara (mAthura ) saMghena' hone kI sambhAvanA vyakta kI hai| sAmAnyatayA mUlasaMgha ke ullekha digambara paramparA ke sAtha hI pAye jAte haiN| Aja yaha mAnA jAtA hai ki mUlasaMgha kA sambandha digambara paramparA ke kundakundAnvaya se rahA hai kintu yadi abhilekhIya aura sAhityika sAkSyoM para vicAra karate haiM to yaha pAte haiM ki mUlasaMgha kA kundAkundAnvaya ke sAtha sarvaprathama ullekha doDDa kaNagAlu ke IsvI san 1044 ke lekha meM milatA hai| yadyapi isake pUrva bhI mUlasaMgha tathA kundakundAnvaya ke svataMtra ullekha to milate hai, kintu mUlasaMgha ke sAtha kundakundAnvaya kA koI ullekha nahIM hai| isase yahI phalita hotA hai ki lagabhaga IsA kI gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM kundakundAnvaya ne mUlasaMgha ke sAtha apanA sambandha jor3A hai aura apane ko mUlasaMghIya kahanA prArambha kiyA hai| drAviDAnvaya ( draviDa saMgha) jise indranandI ne jainAbhAsa kahA thA, bhI agaDi ke san 1040 ke abhilekha meM apane ko mUlasaMgha se jor3atI hai| 4 yahI sthiti yApanIya sampradAya ke gaNoM kI bhI hai| ve bhI gyArahavIM zatAbdI ke uttarArdha se apane nAma ke sAtha mUlasaMgha zabda kA .
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________________ jaina vidyA ke 632 prayoga karane lge| yApanIya punnAgavRkSa mUlagaNa ke san 1908 ke abhilekha meM '... zrImUlasaMghada po (pu) nAga vRkSamUla gaNada..' aisA ullekha hai| isI prakAra yApanIya saMgha ke kANUra gaNa ke I. san 1074 ke bandalike ke tathA I. san 1075 ke kuppaTU ke abhilekha meM 'zrI mUlasaMghAnvaya krANUraggaNa' aisA ullekha hai / isa saba se bhI yahI phalita hotA hai ki isa kAla meM yApanIya bhI apane ko mUlasaMghIya kahane lage the| yApanIya gaNoM ke sAtha mUlasaMgha ke ina ullekhoM ko dekhakara DaoN. gulAbacandra caudharI Adi digambara vidvAna yaha kalpanA kara baiThe ki ye gaNa yApanIya saMgha se alaga hokara mUlasaMgha dvArA AtmasAta kara liye gaye the'| kintu unakI yaha avadhAraNA samucita nahIM hai kyoMki ina abhilekhoM ke samakAlIna aura paravartI aneka aise abhilekha haiM jinameM ina gaNoM kA yApanIya saMgha ke gaNa ke rUpa meM spaSTa ullekha hai| satya to yaha hai ki jaba kundakundAnvaya ne mUlasaMgha ke sAtha apanA sambandha jor3akara anya saMghoM ko jainAbhAsa aura mithyAtvI ghoSita kiyA, (indranandikRta zrutAvatAra se isa tathya kI puSTi hotI hai) to pratikriyA svarUpa dUsaroM ne bhI apane ko mUlasaMghI kahanA prArambha kara diyaa| gyArahavIM zatI ke uttarArdha meM acela paramparA ke yApanIya, drAviDa Adi aneka saMgha apane sAtha mUlasaMgha kA ullekha karane lage the jabaki indranandi ne ina sabhI ko jainAbhAsa kahA thaa| isakA tAtparya yahIM hai ki gyArahavIM zatAbdI meM apane ko mUlasaMghI kahane kI eka hor3a lagI huI thii| yadi ina tathyoM ke prakAza meM hama mathurA ke ukta zvetAmbara mUlasaMgha kA ullekha karane vAle abhilekha para vicAra kareM to yaha pAte hai ki ukta abhilekha bhI acela paramparA ke vividha sampradAyoM ke sAtha mUlasaMgha kA ullekha hone ke lagabhaga 60 varSa pUrva kA hai arthAt usI kAla kA hai| ataH sambhava hai ki usa yuga ke vividha acela paramparAoM ke samAna hI sacelaparamparA bhI apane ko mUlasaMgha se jor3atI ho / mUlasaMgha prArambha meM kisa praramparA se sambaddha thA aura kaba dUsarI paramparAoM ne usase apanA sambandha jor3anA prArambha kiyA ise samajhane ke liye hameM sarvaprathama mUlasaMgha ke itihAsa ko jAnanA hogaa| sarvaprathama hameM dakSiNa bhArata meM noNamaMgala kI tAmrapaTTikAoM para 'mUlasaMghAnuSThitAya' evaM 'mUlasaMghenAnuSThitAya' aise ullekha milate haiM ye donoM tAmrapaTTikAyeM kramazaH lagabhaga IsvI san 370 aura I. san 425 kI mAnI jAtI haiM / kintu inameM nirgrantha, kUrcaka, yApanIya yA zvetapaTa Adi ke nAmoM kA ullekha nahIM hone se prathama dRSTi meM yaha kaha pAnA kaThina hai ki isa mUlasaMgha kA sambandha unameM se kisa dhArA se thaa| dakSiNa bhArata ke devagiri aura halsI ke abhilekhoM ke adhyayana se yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki IsA kI pAMcavI zatI ke uttarArdha meM dakSiNa bhArata meM nirmantha, yApanIya, kUrcaka aura zvetapaTa mahAzramaNa saMgha kA astitva thA / kintu mUlasaMgha kA ullekha to hameM IsA kI caturthazatI ke uttarArdha meM mila jAtA hai ataH abhilekhIya AdhAra para mUlasaMgha kA astitva yApanIya, kUrcaka Adi nAmoM ke pUrva kA hai| mujhe AyAma khaNDa 6 ko aisA lagatA hai ki dakSiNa meM inameM se nirmanya saMgha prAcIna hai aura yApanIya, kurcaka, zvetapaTa Adi saMgha paravartI haiM, phira bhI merI dRSTi meM nirmanya saMgha mUlasaMgha nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai| dakSiNa bhArata kA yaha nirgrantha mahAzramaNa saMgha bhadrabAhu (prathama) kI paramparA ke una acela zramaNoM kA saMgha thA jo IsA pUrva tIsarI zatI meM bihAra se ur3IsA ke rAste laMkA aura tamila pradeza meM pahu~ce the| usa samaya uttara bhArata meM jaina saMgha isI nAma se jAnA jAtA thA aura usameM gaNa, zAkhA kA vibhAjana nahIM huA thA, ataH ye zramaNa bhI apane ko isI 'nirgrantha' nAma se abhihita karate rhe| punaH unheM apane ko mUlasaMghI kahane kI koI AvazyakatA bhI nahIM thI kyoMki vahAM taba unakA koI pratidvandvI bhI nahIM thaa| yaha nirdhanyasaMgha yApanIya, kUrcaka aura zvetapaTTa saMgha se pRthaka thA, yaha tathya bhI halsI aura devagiri ke abhilekhoM se siddha hai kyoMki inameM use inase pRthaka dikhalAyA gayA hai aura taba taka isakA nirgrantha saMgha nAma supracalita thaa| puna: jaba lagabhaga 100 varSa ke pazcAt ke abhilekhoM meM bhI yaha nirmanthasaMgha ke nAma se hI suprasiddha hai to pUrva meM yaha apane ko 'mUlasaMgha' kahatA hogaa| yaha kalpanA nirAdhAra hai| apane ko mUlasaMgha kahane kI AvazyakatA usI paramparA ko ho sakatI hai jisameM koI vibhAjana huA ho, jo dUsare ko nirmUla yA nirAdhAra batAnA cAhatI ho; yaha bAta paM0 nAthurAma jI premI ne bhI svIkAra kI hai| yaha vibhAjana kI ghaTanA uttara bhArata meM taba ghaTita huI jaba lagabhaga IsA kI dUsarI zatAbdI ke uttarArdha meM uttara bhArata kA nirjhanya saMgha acela aura sacela dhArA meM vibhakta huaa| sAtha hI usakI acela dhArA ko apane liye eka naye nAma kI AvazyakatA pratIta huii| usa samaya taka uttara bhArata kA nirdhanya saMgha aneka guNoM, zAkhAoM aura kuloM meM vibhakta thA- yaha tathya mathurA ke aneka abhilekhoM se aura kalpasUtra kI sthavirAvalI se siddha hai| ataH sambhAvanA yahI hai ki uttara bhArata kI isa acela dhA ne apanI pahacAna ke liye 'mUlagaNa' nAma cunA ho kyoMki isa dhArA ko boTika aura yApanIya- ye donoM hI nAma dUsaroM ke dvArA hI diye gaye haiM, jahA~ zvetAmbaroM arthAt uttara bhArata kI sacela dhArA ne unheM boTika kahA, vahIM digambaroM arthAt dakSiNa bhArata kI nirgrantha acela dhArA ne unheM yApanIya khaa| DaoN gulAba canda caudharI ne jo yaha kalpanA kI ki dakSiNa meM nirbandha saMgha kI sthApanA bhadrabAhu dvitIya kI, mujhe nirAdhAra pratIta hotI hai10 dakSiNa bhArata kA nirmantha saMgha to bhadrabAhu prathama kI paramparA kA pratinidhi hai cAhe bhadrabAhu prathama dakSiNa gaye hoM yA nahIM gaye hoM kintu unakI paramparA IsA pU0 tIsarI zatI meM dakSiNa bhArata meM pahu~ca cukI thI, isake aneka pramANa bhI haiN| bhadrabAhu prathama ke pazcAt lagabhaga dvitIya zatI meM eka Arya bhadra hue haiM jo niyuktiyoM ke kartA the aura sambhavataH ye uttara bhArata ke acela pakSa ke samarthaka rahe the, unake nAma se bhadrAnvaya pracalita huI jisakA ullekha udayagiri (vidizA) meM milatA hai| merI dRSTi meM mUlagaNa bhadrAnvaya, Aryakula Adi kA sambandha isI uttara bhArata kI acela dhArA se hai jo Age calakara yApanIya nAma se prasiddha huii| dakSiNa meM pahu~cane para yaha dhArA apane ko mUlagaNa yA mUlasaMgha kahane lgii| yaha Age calakara .
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________________ zvetAmbara mUlasaMgha evaM mAthura saMgha : eka vimarza zrI vRkSamUla gaNa, putrAgavRkSamUlagaNa, kanakopalasambhUtavRkSamUlagaNa Adi se prApta pUrva meM ullekhita tIna abhilekhoM ko chor3akara anyatra kahIM bhI aneka gaNoM meM vibhakta huI, phira bhI sabane apane sAtha mUlagaNa zabda kAyama zve0 mAthura saMgha kA ullekha nahIM milatA hai, lekina uparokta tInoM rkhaa| jaba ina vibhinna mUla gaNoM ko koI eka saMyukta nAma dene kA prazna abhilekhoM ke AdhAra para hama yaha mAnane ke lie vivaza haiM ki gyArahavIM AyA to unheM mUlasaMgha kahA gyaa| kaI gaNoM dvArA paravartIkAla meM saMgha bArahavIM zatAbdI meM zve0 mAthurasaMgha kA astitva thaa| yadyapi yaha bAta bhinna nAma dhAraNa karane ke aneka pramANa abhilekhoM meM upalabdha haiN| puna: yApanIya hai ki yaha mAthurasaMgha zvetAmbara muniyoM kA koI saMgaThana na hokara mathurA granthoM ke sAtha lagA huA 'mUla' vizeSaNa-jaise mUlAcAra, mUlArAdhanA Adi ke zvetAmbara zrAvakoM kA eka saMgaThana thA aura yahI kAraNa hai ki zve0 mAthura bhI isI tathya kA sUcaka hai ki 'mUlasaMgha' zabda kA sambandha yApanIyoM se saMgha ke abhilekha mathurA se anyatra kahIM bhI upalabdha nahIM hue| yadi rahA hai| ata: noNamaMgala kI tAmrapaTTikAoM meM ullekhita mUlasaMgha-yApanIya zvetAmbara mAthura saMgha muniyoM kA koI saMgaThana hotA to isakA ullekha mathurA paramparA kA hI pUrva rUpa hai| uttara bhArata ke nirgrantha saMgha kI yaha dhArA jaba se anyatra abhilekhoM aura sAhityika strotoM se milanA cAhie thaa| punaH pahale dakSiNa bhArata meM pahu~cI to mUlasaMgha ke nAma se abhihita huI aura ina tInoM abhilekhoM meM muni aura AcArya ke nAmoM ke ullekha kA abhAva usake lagabhaga 100 varSa pazcAt ise yApanIya nAma milaa| hama yaha bhI yahI sUcita karatA hai ki yaha zrAvakoM kA saMgha thaa| dekhate haiM ki use yApanIya nAma milate hI abhilekhoM se mUlasaMgha nAma jahA~ taka digambara paramparA kA prazna hai usameM mAthurasaMgha nAmaka lupta ho jAtA hai aura lagabhaga cAra sau pacAsa varSoM taka hameM mUlasaMgha kA eka muni saMgha thA aura usakI utpatti vikrama saMvat 953 meM AcArya kahIM koI bhI ullekha upalabdha nahIM hotA hai| noNamaMgala kI I0 san 425 rAmasena se mAnI jAtI hai| mAthurasaMgha kA sAhityika ullekha indranaMdI ke kI tAmra paTTikAoM ke pazcAt konnUra ke I0 san 860 ke abhilekha meM zrutAvatAra aura devasena ke darzanasAra meM milatA hai| indranandI ne isa saMgha puna: mUlasaMgha kA ullekha dezIyagaNa ke sAtha milatA hai| jJAtavya hai ki kI gaNanA jainAbhAsoM meM kI hai aura niSpicchika ke rUpa meM isakA ullekha isa abhilekha meM mUlasaMgha ke sAtha dezIyagaNa aura pustakaMgaccha kA ullekha kiyA hai| devasena ne bhI darzanasAra meM ise niSpicchika batAyA hai| yadyapi hai kintu kundakundAnvaya kA ullekha nahIM hai| jJAtavya hai ki pahale yaha isakI utpatti vikrama saM0953 meM batAI gaI hai kintu usakA sarvaprathama lekha tAmrapaTTikA para thA bAda meM 12vIM zatI meM isameM kucha aMza jor3akara sAhityika ullekha amitagati ke subhASitaratnasaMdoha meM milatA hai jo patthara para aMkita karavAyA gayA; isa jur3e hue aMza meM hI kundakundAnvaya ki muMja ke zAsana kAla meM (vikrama 1050) meM likhA gyaa| kA ullekha hai| isake do sau varSa pazcAt se yApanIyagaNa aura drAvir3a Adi subhASitaratnasaMdoha ke atirikta vardhamAnanIti, dharmaparIkSA, paMcasaMgraha, anya gaNa sabhI apane ko mUlasaMghIya kahate pratIta hote haiN| tattvabhAvanA, upAsakAcAra Adi bhI inakI kRtiyAM hai| abhilekhIya strotoM itanA nizcita hai ki mUlasaMgha ke sAtha kundakundAnvaya sambandha kI dRSTi se isa saMgha kA sarvaprathama ullekha vikrama saM. 1166 meM athurnA bhI paravartI kAla meM jur3A hai yadyapi kundakundAnvaya kA sarvaprathama ke abhilekha meM milatA hai| dUsarA abhilekhIya ullekha 1226 ke abhilekhIya ullekha I0 san 797 aura 802 meM milatA hai 12, kintu bijoliyA ke mandira kA hai, isake bAda ke aneka abhilekha isa saMgha ina donoM lekhoM meM pustakagaccha aura mUlasaMgha kA ullekha nahIM hai| Azcarya ke milate haiN| jJAtavya hai ki apanI utpatti ke kucha hI varSa bAda yaha saMgha hai ki sAhityika strotoM meM to dazavIM zatI ke pUrva mUlasaMgha aura kASThAsaMgha kA eka aMga bana gayA aura paravartI ullekha kASThAsaMgha kI eka kundakundAnvaya kA kahIM koI ullekha nahIM hai| vastuta: kundakunda zuddha zAkhA mAthuragaccha ke rUpa meM milate haiN| AcAra ke pratipAdaka evaM prabhAvazAlI AcArya the aura mUlasaMgha mahAvIra yadi hama kAla kI dRSTi se vicAra kareM to yaha pAte haiM ki zve. kI prAcIna mUladhArA kA sUcaka thA, ata: paravartIkAla meM sabhI acela mAthurasaMgha aura digambara mAthurasaMgha kI utpatti lagabhaga samakAlIna hai| paramparAoM ne usase apanA sambandha jor3anA ucita smjhaa| mAtra uttara bhArata kyoMki zve0 mAthurasaMgha ke ullekha bhI 11-12vIM zatAbdI meM hI milate kA kASThAsaMgha aura usakA mAthuragaccha aisA thA jisane apane ko mUlasaMgha haiN| yadyapi zvetAmbara paramparA meM kharatara, tapA, acaMla Adi mahattvapUrNa gacchoM evaM kundakundAnvaya se jor3ane kA kabhI prayAsa nahIM kiyaa| isakA eka kA udbhava kAla bhI yahI hai, phira bhI ina gacchoM meM mAthura saMgha kA spaSTa kAraNa yaha bhI ho sakatA hai ki kASThAsaMgha mukhyata: uttara bhArata se sambaddha abhAva hone se hama isI niSkarSa para pahu~cate haiM ki mAthura saMgha zve0 jaina thA aura isa kSetra meM 12-13vIM zatI taka kundakundAnvaya kA prabhAva muniyoM kA sagaThana na hokara mathurA nivAsI zve0 zrAvakoM kA eka saMgaThana adhika nahIM thaa| vastuta: mUlasaMgha mAtra eka nAma thA jisakA upayoga 9- thaa| Azcarya yaha bhI hai ki ina abhilekhoM meM zve0 mAthurasaMgha kA ullekha 10vIM zatI se dakSiNa bhArata kI acela paramparA kI sabhI zAkhAyeM karane hote hue bhI kahIM kisI muni yA AryA kA nAmollekha nahIM hai| isa AdhAra lagI thiiN| zAyada uttara bhArata kI sacela paramparA bhI apanI maulikatA para hama yaha niSkarSa nikAla sakate haiM ki zve0 mAthurasaMgha mathurA ke zrAvakoM sUcita karane hetu isa virud kA prayoga karane lagI ho| kA hI eka saMgaThana thaa| zvetAmbaroM meM Aja bhI nagara ke nAma ke sAtha saMgha zabda jor3akara usa nagara ke zrAvakoM ko usameM samAhita kiyA jAtA hai| ataH niSkarSa yahI hai ki zve0 mAthurasaMgha mathurA ke zrAvakoM kA saMgha thA mAthurasaMgha bhI mukhyata: digambara paramparA kA hI saMgha hai| mathurA aura usakA muni paramparA athavA unake gacchoM se koI sambandha nahIM thaa| mAthura saMgha
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________________ 634 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa 6 4. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, bhAga-2, maNikacandra digambara jaina granthamAlA samiti, saM0 45, hIrAbAga, bambaI 4, pra0saM0 1952 lekhakramAMka 180/ jaina zilAlekha saMgraha bhAga 2 lekhakramAMka 1780 " (f vahI, 250/ isa lekha ke aMta meM maiM vidvAnoM se apekSA karUMgA ki zvetAmbara mAthura saMgha ke sambandha meM yadi unheM koI jAnakArI ho to mujhe avagata karAyeM tAki hama isa lekha ko aura adhika pramANa purassara banA skeN| saMdarbha 1. (a) saM0 pro0 DhAkI, pro0 sAgaramala jaina, aispekTsa Ava jainAlAjI, khaNDa - 2, (paM0 becaradAsa smRti grantha) hindI vibhAga, jainasAhitya meM stUpa pro0 sAgaramala, pR0 137-8 / (ba) vividhatIrthakalpa jinaprabhasUri, mathurApurI kalpA 2. arhat vacana, varSa 4, aMka 1, janavarI 92, pR0 10 / 3. (a) vividhatIrthakalpa jinaprabhasUri, mathurApurI kalpa (ba) prabhAvakacarita, prabhAcandra siMghI jaina granthamAlA, pR0 saM0 13. kalakattA, pra0saM0 1940, pR0 88-111 / Rgveda meM arhat aura RSabhavAcI RcAyeM: eka adhyayana bhAratIya saMskRti zramaNa aura brAhmaNa saMskRtiyoM kA samanvita rUpa hai| jahA~ zramaNa saMskRti tapa-tyAga evaM dhyAna sAdhanA pradhAna rahI hai, vahA~ brAhmaNa saMskRti yajJa-yAga mUlaka evaM karmakANDAtmaka rahI hai| hama zramaNa saMskRti ko AdhyAtmika evaM nivRttiparaka arthAt saMnyAsamUlaka bhI kaha sakate haiM, jabaki brAhmaNa saMskRti ko sAmAjika evaM pravRttimUlaka kahA jA sakatA hai| ina donoM saMskRtiyoM ke mUla AdhAra to mAnava prakRti meM nihita vAsanA aura viveka athavA bhoga aura yoga (saMyama) ke tatva hI haiM jinakI svatantra carcA hamane apane grantha 'jaina, bauddha evaM gItA kA sAdhanA mArga' kI bhUmikA meM kI hai / yahA~ para ina donoM saMskRtiyoM ke vikAsa ke mUla upAdAnoM evaM unake krama tathA vaiziSTya kI carcA meM na jAkara unake aitihAsika astitva ko hI apanI vivecanA kA mUla AdhAra bnaayeNge| bhAratIya saMskRti ke itihAsa ko jAnane ke liye prAcInatama sAhityika strota ke rUpa meM veda aura prAcInatama purAtAtvika strota ke rUpa meM mohanajodar3o evaM har3appA ke avazeSa hI hamAre AdhAra haiN| saMyoga se ina donoM hI AdhAroM yA sAkSyoM se bhAratIya zramaNa dhArA ke ati prAcIna kAla meM bhI upasthita hone ke saMketa milate haiN| Rgveda bhAratIya sAhitya kA prAcInatama grantha hai| yadyapi isakI ati prAcInatA ke aneka dAve kiye jAte haiM aura mImAMsaka darzanadhArA ke vidvAna to ise anAdi aura apaurUSeya bhI mAnate haiM, phira bhI itanA nizcita hai ki IsvI pUrva 1500 varSa pahale yaha apane vartamAna svarUpa meM astitva meM A cukA thaa| isa prAcInatama grantha meM hameM zramaNa saMskRti ke astitva ke saMketa upalabdha hote haiN| vaidika sAhitya meM bhAratIya saMskRti kI ina zramaNa aura brAhmaNa dhArAoM kA nirdeza kramaza: Arhata aura bArhata dhArAoM ke rUpa meM milatA 5. 6. 7. vahI, 8. " 207/ vahI, bhAga 3, bhUmikA, pR0 26 va 32 / jaina zilAlekha saM, bhAga 2, lekhakramAMka 90 va 94 / 9. 10. jaina zilAlekha saMgraha, bhAga 3, bhUmikA, pR0 23 / 11. vahI bhAga 2, lekhakramAMka 791 / / > 12. vahI, lekhakramAMka 122 evaM 123 (mane kA taamrptr)| hai| sAtha hI mohanajodar3o ke utkhanan se vRSabha yukta dhyAna mudrA meM yogiyoM kI sIleM isa tathya kA spaSTa pramANa haiM ki Rgveda ke racanAkAla ke pUrva bhI bhArata meM zramaNa dhArA kA na kevala astitva thA, apitu vahI eka mAtra pramukha dhArA thI / kyoMki mohanajodar3o aura har3appA ke utkhanana meM kahIM bhI yajJavedI upalabdha nahIM huI hai, isase yahA~ siddha hotA hai ki bhArata meM tapa evaM dhyAna pradhAna Arhata paramparA kA astitva ati prAcIna kAla se hI rahA hai| yadi hama jaina dharma ke prAcIna nAmoM ke sandarbha meM vicAra kareM to yaha suspaSTa hai ki prAcIna kAla meM yaha Arhata dharma ke nAma se hI prasiddha rahA hai| vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki jaina dharma kA pUrva rUpa Arhata dharma thaa| jJAtavya hai ki jaina zabda mahAvIra ke nirvANa ke lagabhaga 1000 varSa pazcAt hI kabhI astitva meM AyA hai| sAtavIM zatI se pUrva hameM kahIM bhI jaina zabda kA ullekha nahIM milatA hai, yadyapi isakI apekSA 'jina' va 'jina dhamma' ke ullekha prAcIna haiN| kintu arhat, zramaNa, jina Adi zabda bauddhoM evaM anya zramaNa dhArAoM meM bhI sAmAnyarUpa se pracalita rahe haiN| ata: jaina paramparA kI unase pRthakatA kI dRSTi se pArzva ke kAla meM yaha dharma nirgranthadharma ke nAma se jAnA jAtA thaa| jaina AgamoM se yaha jJAta hotA hai ki I.pU. pAcavIM zatI meM bhramaNa dhArA mukhya rUpa se 5 bhAgoM meM vibhakta thI- 1. nirgrantha, 2. zAkya, 3. tApasa 4. gairUka aura 5. AjIvaka 2 / vastutaH jaba zramaNa dhArA vibhinna vargoM meM vibhAjita hone lagI to jaina dhArA ke lie pahale 'nirgrantha' aura bAda meM 'jJAtaputrIya zramaNa' zabda kA prayoga hone lgaa| na kevala pAlI tripiTaka evaM jaina AgamoM meM apitu azoka (I.pU.3 zatI) ke zilAlekhoM meM bhI jainadharma kA ullekha nirgrantha dharma ke rUpa meM hI milatA hai| .
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________________ Rgveda meM arhat aura RSabhavAcI RcAyeM : eka vimarza 635 vastutaH pArzvanAtha evaM mahAvIra ke yuga meM pracalita dharma se pUrva huA hai| sAmAnyatayA vaidika vidvAnoM ne ina RcAoM meM prayukta arhan sampUrNa zramaNa dhArA Arhata paramparA ke rUpa meM hI ullekhita hotI thI aura zabda ko pUjanIya ke artha meM agni, rUdra Adi vaidika devatAoM ke isameM na kevala jaina, bauddha, AjIvaka Adi paramparAeM sammilita thIM, vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM hI vyAkhyAyita kiyA hai| yaha satya hai ki eka vizeSaNa apitu aupaniSadika-RSi paramparA aura sAMkhya-yoga kI darzanadhArA evaM ke rUpa meM arhan yA arhat zabda kA artha pUjanIya hotA hai, kintu Rgveda sAdhanA-paramparA bhI isI meM samAhita thii| yaha alaga bAta hai ki meM arhan ke atirikta arhanta zabda kA spaSTa svatantra prayoga yaha batAtA aupaniSadika dhArA evaM sAMkhya-yoga paramparA ke bRhad hindUdharma meM samAhita hai ki vastuta: vaha eka saMjJA pada bhI hai aura arhanta deva kA vAcI hai| kara liye jAne evaM bauddha tathA AjIvaka paramparAoM ke kramaza: isa deza isa sandarbha meM nimna RcAe~ vizeSa rUpa se draSTavya haiMse niSkAsita athavA mRtapAya: ho jAne para jaina paramparA ko puna: pUrva madhyuga arhaviSibharSi sAyakAni dhanvAhanniSkaM yajataM vizvarUpama meM Arhata dharma nAma prApta ho gyaa| kintu yahA~ hama jisa Aheta paramparA arhannidaM dayase vizvamambaM na vA ojIyo rudr-tvdsti|| kI carcA kara rahe haiM, vaha eka prAcIna evaM vyApaka paramparA hai| RSibhASita (2.33.10) nAmaka jaina grantha meM nArada, asitadevala, yAjJavalkya, aruNa, uddAlaka, prastuta RcA ko rUdra sUkta ke antargata hone ke kAraNa vaidika aMgirasa, pArAzara Adi aneka aupaniSadika RSiyoM kA arhat RSi ke vyAkhyAkAroM ne yahA~ arhan zabda ko rUdra kA eka vizeSaNa mAnakara isakA rUpa meM ullekha huA hai| sAtha hI sAriputra, mahAkAzyapa Adi bauddha zramaNoM artha isa prakAra kiyA haievaM maMkhalIgozAla, saMjaya Adi anya zramaNa paramparA ke AcAryoM kA he rUdra! yogya tU bANoM aura dhanuSa ko dhAraNa karatA hai| yogya bhI arhat RSi ke rUpa meM ullekha huA hai| bauddha paramparA meM buddha ke tU, pUjA ke yogya aura aneka rUpoM vAle sone ko dhAraNa karatA hai| yogya sAtha-sAtha arhat avasthA ko prApta anya zramaNoM ko arhat kahA jAtA tU isa sAre vistRta jagat kI rakSA karatA hai| he rUdra, tujhase adhika tejasvI thaa| baddha ke liye arhat vizeSaNa supracalita thA, yathA-namotassa bhagavato aura koI nahIM hai| arahato smmaasNbuddhss| isa prakAra prAcIna kAla meM zramaNa dhArA apane jaina dRSTi meM isa RcA ko nimna prakAra se bhI vyAkhyAyita kiyA samagra rUpa meM Arhata paramparA ke nAma se hI jAnI jAtI thii| vaidika sAhitya jA sakatA haimeM aura vizeSa rUpa se Rgveda meM Ahata va bArhata dhArAoM kA ullekha he arhan! tU (saMyama rUpI) zastroM (dhanuSa-bANa) ko dhAraNa karatA bhI isI tathya kI puSTi karatA hai| Arhata dharma vastuta: vahA~ nivRttipradhAna hai? aura sAMsArika jIvoM meM prANa rUpa svarNa kA tyAga kara detA hai? nizcaya sampUrNa zramaNadhArA kA hI vAcaka haiN| Ahata zabda se hI yaha bhI spaSTa hI tujhase adhika balavAna aura kaThora aura koI nahIM hai| he arhan! tU ho jAtA hai ki Arhata- arhatoM ke upAsaka the aura arhat avasthA vizva kI arthAt saMsAra ke prANiyoM kI mAtRvat dayA karatA hai| ko prApta karanA hI apanI sAdhanA kA lakSya mAnate the| bauddha granthoM meM prastuta prasaMga meM arhan kI byAja rUpa se stuti kI gayI hai| buddha ke pUrva vajjiyoM ke apane arhatoM evaM caityoM kI upasthiti ke yahA~ zastra dhAraNa karane kA tAtparya karma zatruoM yA viSaya vAsanAoM ko nirdeza haiN| ArhatoM se bhinna vaidika paramparA Rgvaidika kAla meM bArhata parAjita karane ke lie saMyama rUpI zastroM ko dhAraNa karane se hai| jaina paramparA nAma se jAnI jAtI thii| meM 'arihaMta' zabda kI vyAkhyA zatru kA nAza karane vAlA, isa rUpa meM Rgveda ke dazam maNDala ke 85 veM sUkta kI caturtha RcA meM kI gaI hai| AcArAMga meM sAdhaka ko apanI vAsanAoM se yuddha karane kA spaSTa rUpa se bArhata zabda kA ullekha huA hai| vaha RcA isa prakAra hai- nirdeza diyA gayA hai| isI prakAra byAja rUpa se yaha kahA gayA hai ki AcchadvidhAnairgupito bAhataiH soma rkssitH| jahA~ sArA saMsAra svarNa ke pIche bhAgatA hai, vahIM, tU isakA tyAga karatA prAvNAmicchRNvan tiSThAsi na te azrAnti paarthivH|| hai| yahA~ yajataM zabda tyAga kA vAcI mAnA jA sakatA hai| ata: tujhase (Rgveda 10.185.14) adhika kaThora va samartha kauna ho sakatA hai? prastuta prasaMga meM 'arhan dayase arthAt he soma! tU gupta vidhi vidhAnoM se rakSita bArhata gaNoM vizvamamba' zabda adhika mahattvapUrNa hai| isameM arhan ko vizva ke sabhI se saMrakSita hai| tU (somalatA ke) pIsane vAle pattharoM kA zabda sunatA hI prANiyoM kI dayA karane vAlA tathA mAtRvat kahA gayA hai, jo jaina paramparA rahatA hai| tujhe pRthvI kA koI bhI sAmAnya jana nahIM khA sktaa| kA mUla AdhAra hai| isI prakAra paMcama maNDala ke bAvanaveM sUkta kI pA~cavIM bRhitI veda ko kahate haiM aura isa bRhatI ke upAsaka bArhata RcA bhI mahattvapUrNa haikahe jAte the| isa prakAra vedoM meM varNita somapAna evaM yajJa-yAga meM niSThA arhanto ye sudAnavo naro asaamishvsH| rakhane vAle aura use hI apanI dharma sAdhanA kA sarvasva mAnane vAle loga pra yajJaM yajJiyebhyo divo arcA mruddhyH|| hI bArhata the| inake viparIta dhyAna aura tapa sAdhanA ko pramukha mAnane vAle (Rgveda 5.52.5) vyakti Arhata nAma se jAne jAte the| vaidika sAhitya meM hameM spaSTa rUpa sAyaNa kI vyAkhyA ke anasAra isa RcA kA artha isa se arhat ko mAnane vAle ina ArhatoM ke ullekha upalabdha haiN| Rgveda meM prakAra haiarhan aura arhanta zabdoM kA prayoga nau RcAoM meM dasa se adhika bAra jo pUjya, dAnazUra, sampUrNa bala se yukta tathA tejasvI dyautamAna
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________________ 636 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 netA hai, una pUjya vIra-marUtoM ke lie yajJa karo aura unakI pUjA kro| tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA vAcI mAnate haiN| jaina vidvAnoM ne RSabhadeva kI carcA hama prastuta RcA kI bhI jaina dRSTi se nimna vyAkhyA kara ke sandarbha meM Rgveda, yajurveda, atharvaveda Adi kI aneka RcAe~ prastuta sakate haiM bhI kI haiM aura unakA jaina saMskRti anusArI artha karane kA bhI prayatna jo dAnavIra, tejasvI, sampUrNa vIrya se yukta, nara zreSTha kiyA hai| prastuta nibandha meM maiMne bhI eka aisA hI prayatna kiyA hai| kintu arhanta haiM, ve yAjJikoM ke lie yajana ke aura marutoM ke lie arcanA aisA dAvA maiM nahI karatA hU~ ki yahI eka mAtra vikalpa hai| merA kathya mAtra ke viSaya haiN| yaha hai ki una RcAoM ke aneka sambhAvita arthoM meM yaha bhI eka artha isI prakAra se arhan zabda vAcI anya RcAoM kI bhI jaina ho sakatA hai, isase adhika sunizcita rUpa meM kucha nahIM kahA jA sakatA dRSTi se vyAkhyA kI jA sakatI hai| vaidika RcAoM kI vyAkhyAoM ke hai| Rgveda meM prayukta zabda ke artha ke sandarbha meM hameM paryApta satarkatA evaM sAtha kaThinAI yaha hai ki unakI zabdAnusArI sarala vyAkhyA sambhava nahIM sAvadhAnI baratanI hogI, kyoMki jahA~ taka vaidika RcAoM kA prazna hai hotI hai, lakSaNA pradhAna vyAkhyA hI karanI hotI hai| ata: unheM aneka unakA artha karanA eka kaThina kArya hai| adhika kyA kaheM, sAyaNa jaise draSTiyoM se vyAkhyAyita kiyA jA sakatA hai| bhASyakAroM ne bhI Rgveda ke 10 veM maNDala ke 106 veM sUkta ke gyAraha Rgveda meM na kevala sAmAnya rUpa se zramaNa paramparA aura vizeSa mantroM kI vyAkhyA karane meM asamarthatA prakaTa kI hai| mAtra itanA hI nahIM, rUpa se jaina paramparA se sambandhita arhana, arhanta, vrAtya, vAtarazanAmuni, kucha anya mantroM ke sambandha meM spaSTa likhA hai ki ina mantroM se kucha bhI zramaNa Adi zabdoM kA ullekha milatA hai, apitu usameM Arhata paramparA artha bodha nahIM hotA hai| kaThinAI yaha hai ki sAyaNa evaM mahidhara ke bhASyoM ke upAsya vRSabha kA bhI zatAdhika bAra ullekha huA hai| mujhe Rgveda meM aura Rgveda ke racanA kAla meM paryApta antara hai| jo grantha IsA se 1500 vRSabha vAcI 112 RcAe~ upalabdha huI haiN| sambhavata: kucha aura RcAe~ varSa pUrva kabhI banA ho, usakA IsA kI 15 vIM zatI meM artha karanA kaThina bhI mila sakatI haiN| yadyapi yaha kahanA kaThina hai ki ina samasta RcAoM kArya hai kyoMki isameM na kevala bhASA kI kaThinAI hotI hai, apitu zabdoM meM prayukta 'bRSabha' zabda RSabhadeva kA hI vAcI hai| phira bhI kucha RcAe~ ke rUr3ha artha bhI paryApta rUpa se badala cuke hote haiN| vastuta: vaidika RcAoM to avazya hI RSabhadeva se sambandhita mAnI sakatI haiN| DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana, ko unake bhaugolika va sAmAjika pariprekSya meM samajhe binA unakA jo pro. jImara, pro. vIrapAkSa vADiyara Adi kucha jainetara vidvAna bhI isa mata artha kiyA jAtA hai, vaha RcAoM meM prakaTa mUla bhAvoM ke kitanA nikaTa ke pratipAdaka haiM ki Rgveda meM jainoM ke Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva se hogA, yaha kahanA kaThina hai| skandasvAmI, sAyaNa evaM mahidhara ke bAda sambandhita nirdeza upalabdha hote haiN1deg| Arhata dhArA ke Adi puruSa ke rUpa svAmI dayAnanda sarasvatI ne vaidika mantroM kI apanI dRSTi se vyAkhyA meM RSabha kA nAma sAmAnya rUpa se svIkRta rahA hai, kyoMki hindU purANoM karane kA prayatna kiyA hai| yadi hama sAyaNa aura dayAnanda kI vyAkhyAoM evaM bauddha granthoM se bhI isakI puSTi hotI hai| jainoM ne unheM apanA Adi ko dekheM, to yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki sAyaNa evaM dayAnanda kI vyAkhyAoM tIrthakara mAnA hai| itanA sunizcita hai ki RSabhadeva bhAratIya saMskRti kI meM bahuta antara hai| Rgveda meM jina-jina RcAoM meM vRSabha zabda AyA nivRttipradhAna dhArA ke prathama puruSa haiN| hindU paramparA meM jo avatAroM kI hai, ve sabhI RcAe~ aisI haiM ki unheM aneka dRSTiyoM se vyAkhyAyita carcA hai, usameM RSabha kA krama 8vA~ hai, kintu yadi mAnavIya rUpa meM avatAra kiyA jA sakatA hai| kI dRSTi se vicAra kareM to lagatA hai ki ve hI prathama mAnavAvatAra the| yadyapi mUla samasyA to yaha hai ki vaidika RcAoM kA zabdika artha RSabha kI avatAra rUpa meM svIkRti hameM sarvaprathama purANa sAhitya meM grahaNa kareM yA lAkSaNika arth| jahA~ taka vRSabha sambandhI RcAoM ke artha vizeSata: bhAgavata purANa meM milatI hai jo ki paravartI grantha hai| kintu itanA kA prazna hai, maiM isa niSkarSa para pahuMcA hU~ ki unakA zabdAnusArI artha nizcita hai ki zrImadbhAgavata meM zraSabha kA jisa rUpa meM prastutikaraNa hai, karane para na to jaina mantavya kI puSTi hotI hai aura na AryasamAja ke mantavyoM vaha unheM nivRttipradhAna zramaNa saMskRti kA Adi puruSa siddha karatA hai11|| kI puSTi hogI, na hI unase kisI viziSTa dArzanika cintana kA avabodha zrImadbhAgavata purANa ke atirikta liMgapurANa, zivapuraNa, AgneyapurANa, hotA hai| yadyapi vaidika mantroM ke artha ke lie sarvaprathama yAska ne eka brahmAMDapurANa, viSNupurANa, kUrmapurANa, varAhapurANa aura skandha purANa meM prayatna kiyA thA kintu usake nirukta meM hI yaha bhI spaSTa rUpa se ullikhita bhI RSabha kA ullekha eka dharma pravartaka ke rUpa meM huA hai,12 yadyapi hai ki usa samaya bhI kotsa Adi AcArya aise the, jo mAnate the ki vedoM prastuta nibandha meM hama Rgveda meM upalabdha vRSabha vAcI RcAoM kI hI carcA ke mantra nirarthaka haiN18| yadyapi hama isa mata se sahamata nahIM ho skte| taka apane ko sImita kreNge| vastuta: vaidika mantra eka sahaja svAbhAvika mAnavIya bhAvanAoM kI Rgveda meM 'vRSabha' zabda kA prayoga kina-kina sandarbho meM huA abhivyakti haiM kintu aisA mAnane para vedoM ke prati jisa Adara bhAva yA hai, yaha abhI bhI eka gahana zodha kA viSaya hai| jahA~ eka ora adhikAMza unakI mahattA kI bAta hai vaha kSINa ho jAtI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki svAmI vaidika vidvAna va bhASyakAra Rgveda meM prayukta vRSabha (RSabha) zabda kA artha dayAnanda Adi ne vedoM meM rahasyAtmakatA va lAkSaNikatA ko pramukha mAnA baila13, balavAna14, uttam zreSTha 15 varSA karane vAlA16, kAmanAoM kI aura usI AdhAra para mantroM kI vyAkhyAyeM kii| ata: sabase prathama yaha pUrti karane vAlA17 Adi karate haiM, vahIM jaina vidvAna use apane prathama vicAraNIya hai ki kyA veda mantroM kI vyAkhyA unheM rahasyAtmaka va lAkSaNika
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________________ Rgveda meM arhata aura RSabhavAcI RcAyeM : eka vimarza 637 mAnakara kI jAya athavA nhiiN| kyoMki yadi hama Rgveda meM prayukta vRSabha jA sakate haiN| dayAnanda ne usakI lAkSaNikatA ko spaSTa karate hue-Izvara zabda ko RSabhadeva ke artha me grahaNa karanA cAhate haiM, to hamAre mata kI kA prakAza phailA hai aisA bhAvArtha kiyA hai| lekina yahA~ hameM yaha bhI dhyAna puSTi rahasyAtmaka evaM lAkSaNika vyAkhyAyoM dvArA hI sambhava hai| zabdAnusArI rakhanA hogA ki bhAratIya cintana meM Izvara kI avadhAraNA eka paravartI sAmAnya artha kI dRSTi se aisI puSTi sambhava nahIM hai| vikAsa hai| Rta kI avadhAraNA prAcIna hai aura usakA artha satya yA sabase pahale hama isI prazna para vicAra kareM ki kyA vaidika vyavasthA hai| RcAoM kA lAkSaNika va rahasyAtmaka artha kiyA jAnA caahie| yaha bhI prastuta prasaMga meM isa RcA ko vRSabha se sambandhita mAnate haiM spaSTa hai ki aneka vaidika RcAe~ va mantra apane zabdAnusArI artha meM bahuta to isakA artha isa prakAra hogA-jisa prakAra taruNa gAya se utpanna vRSabha hI sAdhAraNa se lagate haiM jabaki unakA lAkSaNika artha atyanta hI gambhIra gau samUha ke bIca apanI dhvani se suzobhita hotA hai, usI prakAra RSabha hotA hai| vaidika RcAe~ lAkSaNika va rahasyAtmaka artha kI vAcaka haiM yaha ke kevala jJAna se utpanna samyak vANI se satya kI sabhA suzobhita hotI samajhane ke lie pahale hameM aupaniSadika sAhitya para bhI isa dRSTi se hai| vaha (RSabhadeva) samavasaraNa meM Upara AsIna hokara jisa vANI kA vicAra karanA hogA kyoMki aneka upaniSad vedoM meM samAhita haiN| udghoSa karate haiM, vaha apane tIvra rava zabda dhvani ke dvArA isa samasta loka zvetAzvataropaniSad meM nimna zloka pAyA jAtA hai ko vyApta karatI hai| isa prakAra uparyukta RcA kA jaina dRSTi se jo lAkSaNika ajAmekAM lohitazuklakRSNAM bahvI prajAH sRjyamAnAM sruupaaH| artha kiyA jAtA hai, vaha adhika samIcIna pratIta hotA hai| isI prasaMga ajohyeko juSamANo'nuzete jahAtyenAM bhuktbhogaamjo'nyH|| meM Rgveda ke caturtha maNDala ke 58 veM sUkta kI tIsarI RcA, jo vRSabha yadi hama zvetAzvataropaniSad ke isa zloka kA zabdAnusArI yaha se sambandhita hai, ke artha para bhI vicAra kreN| yaha RcA isa prakAra haiartha karate haiM ki eka kAle, lAla va sapheda raMga kI bakarI hai, jo apane catvAri zRGagA trayo asya pAdA dve zIrSe saptahastAso asy| samAna hI saMtAna ko janma detI hai| eka bakarA usakA bhoga kara rahA hai, tridhA baddho vRSabho roravIti maho devo mAM A vivesh|| jabaki dUsare ne usakA bhoga karake parityAga kara diyA hai| isa artha kI (4.58.3) dRSTi se yaha zloka eka sAmAnya pazu kI prAkRtika sthiti kA citraNa isa RcA kA zabdAnusArI sAmAnya artha isa prakAra haimAtra hai, lekina hama isake pUrvApara sambandha ko dekheM to spaSTa ho jAtA isa vRSabha athavA deva ke cAra sIMga, tIna paira, do sira aura hai ki aupaniSadika RSi kA yaha kathana kevala eka pazu kA citraNa nahIM isake sAta hAtha haiN| yaha vRSabha yA balavAna deva tIna sthAnoM para baMdhA huA hai, apita eka rUpaka hai, jisake lAkSaNika artha ke AdhAra para vaha prakRti zabda karatA hai, yaha mahAna deva manuSyoM meM praviSTa haiM 21 / isa zabdAnusArI kI triguNAtmakatA ke sAtha usake dvArA sRSTa padArthoM ke triguNAtmaka svarUpa artha ke AdhAra para- na to isameM vRSabha (baila) kA yathArtha prAkRtika svarUpa ko spaSTa karanA cAhatA hai| yaha tathya isa bAta kA pramANa hai ki vedoM kI kA citraNa hai- yaha kahA jA sakatA hai aura na kisI anya artha kA spaSTa RcAe~ evaM aupaniSadika zloka mAtra sAmAnya artha ke sUcaka nahIM haiN| bodha hotA hai| ata: svAbhAvika rUpa se isake lAkSaNika artha kI ora unameM aneka sthAnoM para rUpakoM ke mAdhyama se dArzanika rahasyoM ke udghATana jAnA hotA hai| kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai| isa sandarbha meM hama Rgveda kI hI dasaveM maNDala dayAnanda sarasvatI isakA lAkSaNika artha isa prakAra karate haiMkI eka RcA lete haiM he manuSyoM! jo bar3A sevA aura Adara karane yogya svaprakAza Rtasya hi sadaso dhItiradyautsaM gArTeyo vRSabho gobhirAnaTa svarUpa aura saba ko sukha dene vAlA maraNadharma vAle manuSya Adi ko saba udatiSThattaviSeNA raveNa mahAnti citsaM vivyAcA rjaaNsi|| prakAra se vyApta hotA hai aura jo sukhoM ko varSAne vAlA tIna zraddhA, puruSArtha (10.111.2) aura yogAbhyAsa se baMdhA huA vistRta upadeza detA hai| isa dharma se yukta isa RcA ke zAbdika artha ke anusAra isake dvitIya caraNa nitya aura naimittika paramAtmA ke bodha ke do unnati aura mokSa rUpa zira kA artha hogA taruNa gAya se utpanna vRSabha raMbhAtA huA gauoM ke sAtha sthAnApanna tIna arthAt karma, upAsanA aura jJAna rUpa calane yogya paira aura milatA hai, kintu mAtra itanA artha karane para RcA kA bhAva spaSTa nahI cAra veda zrRgoM ke sadRza Apa logoM ko jAnane yogya haiM aura isa dharma hotA hai| isake pUrva Rtasya hI sadaso dhItiradyautsaM isa pUrvacaraNa ko bhI vyavahAra ke pA~ca jJAnendriya vA pA~ca karmendriya anta:karaNa aura AtmA lenA hotA hai| isa caraNa kA artha bhI sAyaNa aura dayAnanda ne alaga- ye sAta hAthoM ke sadRza vartamAna haiM, aura ukta tIna prakAra se badhA~ huA alaga DhaMga se kiyA hai, kintu ve artha bhI lAkSaNika hI haiN| jahA~ dayAnanda vyavahAra bhI jAnane yogya hai 22 / kintu yadi isa uparyukta RcA kA artha 'Rtasya hI sadasodhItiradyauta' kA artha Rta kI sabhA kI dhAraNA zakti jaina dRSTi se kareM to tIna yogoM arthAt mana, vacana va kAya se baddha yA prakAzita ho rahI hai- aisA artha karate hai19, vahIM sAyaNa bhASya para yukta RSabha deva ne yaha udghoSaNA kI ki mahAdeva arthAt paramAtmA mRtyoM AdhArita hokara sAtavelakara isakA artha jala sthAna kA arthAt antarikSa meM hI nivAsa karatA hai, usake ananta catuSTaya rUpa arthAt ananta jJAna, kA dhAraka yaha indra prakAzatA hai, aisA artha karate haiM20, kintu ye donoM ananta darzana, ananta sukha va ananta vIrya aise cAra zraGga haiM aura samyaka hI artha na to pUrNata: zabdAnusArI haiM aura na pUrNata: lAkSaNika hI kahe darzana, jJAna va cAritra rUpa tIna pAda haiN| usa paramAtmA ke jJAna upayoga
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________________ 638 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 va darzana upayoga aise do zIrSa haiM tathA pA~ca indriyAM, mana va buddhi aise haiM, kintu prazna yaha hai ki kyA 'vRSabha' zabda ko sadaiva hI eka vizeSaNa sAta hAtha haiN| zrRGga AtmA ke sarvottama dazA ke sUcaka haiM jo sAdhanA kI mAnA jaay| pUrNatA para ananta catuSTaya ke rUpa meM prakaTa hote haiM aura pAda usa sAdhanA yaha ThIka hai ki indra varSA kA devatA hai| use zreSTha yA balavAna mArga ke sUcaka haiM jisake mAdhyama se usa sarvottama Atma avasthA ko prApta mAnA gayA hai| ata: usakA vizeSaNa vRSabha ho sakatA hai kintu isake kiyA jA sakatA hai| sapta hasta jJAna prApta ke sAta sAdhanoM ko sUcita viparIta indra zabda ko bhI vRSabha kA vizeSaNa mAnA jA sakatA hai| jaina karate haiN| RSabha ko tridhAbaddha kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki vaha mana-vacana paramparA meM RSabha Adi tIrthaMkaroM ke lie jinendra vizeSaNa prasiddha hI hai| evaM kAya yogoM kI upasthiti ke kAraNa hI saMsAra meM hai| baddha kA artha atharvaveda (9.9.7) meM indrasya rUpaM RSabho kahakara donoM ko paryAyavAcI saMyata yA niyantrita karane para mana, vacana, va kAya se saMyata aisA artha banA diyA gayA hai| indra kA artha aizvarya kA dhAraka aisA bhI hotA hai| isa bhI kiyA jA sakatA hai| rUpa meM vaha vRSabha kA vizeSaNa bhI bana sakatA hai| jisa prakAra vRSabha ko isa prakAra se hama dekhate haiM ki yahAM jaina dRSTi se kiyA lAkSaNika indra, agni, rudra, bRhaspati Adi kA vizeSaNa mAnA gayA hai usI prakAra artha utanA hI samIcIna hai, jitanA svAmI dayAnanda kA lAkSaNika artha vyAkhyA ko parivartita karake indra, rudra, agni aura bRhaspati ko vRSabha itanA avazya satya hai ki isa RcA kA koI bhI zabdAnusArI artha isake kA vizeSaNa bhI mAnA jA sakatA hai| artha ko abhivyakta nahIM kara sakatA hai| ataH hameM mAnanA hogA ki vaidika yahA~ vRSabha Apa indra yA jinendra haiM-aisI vyAkhyA bhI bahuta RcAoM ke artha ko samajhane ke lie inakI lAkSaNikatA ko svIkAra asaMgata nahIM kahI jA sakatI hai| kucha jaina vidvAnoM kI aisI mAnyatA bhI kiye binA anya koI vikalpa nahI hai| hai ki vedoM meM 'jAta-vedasa' zabda jo agni ke lie prayukta huA hai vaha sAyaNa Adi vedoM ke bhASyakAroM ne sAmAnya rUpa meM 'vRSabha' zabda janma se trijJAna sampanna jyoti svarUpa bhagavAna RSabhadeva ke lie hI haiN| kI vyAkhyA eka vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM kI hai aura usake prasaMgAnusAra ve yaha mAnate haiM ki "ratnadharakta", "vizvavedasa", "jAtavedasa" Adi balavAna, zreSTha, varSA karane vAlA, kAmanAoM kI pUrti karane vAlA-aisA zabda jo vedoM meM agni ke vizeSaNa haiM ve ratnatraya se yukta vizva tattvoM artha kiyA hai| ve vRSabha ko indra, agni, rUdra Adi vaidika devatAoM kA ke jJAtA sarvajJa RSabha ke lie bhI prayukta ho sakate haiN| itanA nizcita hai eka vizeSaNa mAnate haiM evaM isI rUpa meM use vyAkhyAyita bhI karate haiN| ki ye zabda sAmAnya prAkRtika agni ke vizeSaNa to nahIM mAne jA sakate cAhe vRSabha kA artha balavAna yA zreSTha kareM athavA use varSA karane vAlA haiN| cAhe unheM agnideva kA vAcI mAnA jAya yA RSabhadeva kA, ve kisI yA kAmanAoM kI pUrti karane vAlA kaheM, vaha eka vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM daivIya zakti ke hI vizeSaNa ho sakate haiN| jaina vidvAnoM kA yaha bhI kahanA hI gRhIta hotA hai| yaha satya hai ki aneka prasaMgoM meM vRSabha zabda kI vyAkhyA hai ki agni deva ke rUpa meM RSabha kI stuti kA eka mAtra hetu yahI dRSTigata eka vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM kI jA sakatI hai| svayaM jaina evaM bauddha paramparAoM hotA hai| RSabhadeva sthUla va sUkSma zarIra se parinivRtta hokara siddha, buddha meM bhI vRSabha zabda kA prayoga eka vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM huA hai| bauddha grantha va mukta hue usa samaya unake parama prazAnta ko AtmasAta karane vAlI agni dhammapada ke anta meM eka gAthA meM vRSabha zabda kA prayoga vizeSaNa ke rUpa hI tatkAlIna janamAnasa ke lie smRti kA viSaya raha gayI aura janatA meM huA hai| vaha gAthA nimnAnusAra hai agni darzana se hI apane ArAdhya deva kA smaraNa karane lgii| (devendramanI usaMbhaM pavaraM vIraM mahesiM vijitaavinN| zAstrI: RSabhadeva eka parizIlana, pR.43) anejaM nahAtakaM buddhaM tamahaM brami braahmnnN|| jaina vidvAnoM ke isa cintana meM kitanI sArthakatA hai yaha eka (dhammapada, 26.1.40) svatantra carcA kA viSaya hai, yahA~ meM usameM utaranA nahIM cAhatA hU~, kintu ata: isa sambandha meM koI Apatti nahIM kI jA sakatI hai ki yaha batAnA cAhatA hU~ ki vizeSaNa evaM vizeSya ke rUpa meM prayukta donoM vRSabha zabda kA prayoga vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM nahIM ho sakatA, kintu yaha zabdoM meM yadi saMjJA rUpa meM prayukta hone kI sAmarthya hai to unameM kise bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki vRSabha zabda sarvatra vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM hI vizeSaNa aura kise vizeSya mAnA jAya-yaha vyAkhyAkAra kI apanI-apanI prayukta hotA hai| 'vRSabha' zabda kA prayoga sAhitya ke kSetra meM vizeSaNa pada dRSTi para hI AdhArita hogaa| sAtha hI donoM ko paryAyavAcI bhI mAnA jA va saMjJA pada donoM rUpoM meM hI pAyA jAtA hai| sakatA hai| Rgveda meM hI aneka aise sthala haiM jahA~ vaidika vidvAnoM ne 'vRSabha' Rgveda meM rudra kI stuti ke sandarbha meM bhI vRSabha zabda kA prayoga zabda kA prayoga vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM mAnA hai| jaise huA hai| svayaM Rgveda meM hI eka ora rudra ko ugra evaM zastroM ko dhAraNa 1. tvaM agne vRSabhaH (1/31/5) karane vAlA kahA gayA, vahIM dUsarI ora use vizva prANiyoM ke prati dayAvAna 2. vRSabha: indro (1/33/10) aura mAtRvat bhI kahA gayA hai (2/33/1) / isa RcA kI carcA hama pUrva 3. tvaM agne indro vRSabhaH (2/1/3) meM kara cuke haiN| eka hI vyakti kaThora va komala donoM ho sakatA hai| RSabha 4. vRSabhaM.... indraM (3/47/5) ke sandarbha meM yaha kahA jAtA hai ki ye tapa kI kaThora sAdhanA karate the| isa prakAra ke aura bhI aneka sandarbha upasthita kie jA sakate ata: vaha rudra bhI the| vaidika sAhitya meM rudra, sarva, pAzupati, Iza, mahezvara,
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________________ Rgveda meM arhat aura RSabhavAcI RcAyeM : eka vimarza 639 ziva, zaMkara Adi paryAyavAcI rUpa meM prayukta hue haiN| jaina dRSTi se inheM sAtavIM RcA (7.55.7) meM yaha kahA gayA hai ki sahastra zrRGga vAlA vRSabha vRSabha kA vizeSaNa bhI mAnA gayA hai| ata: kise kisakA vizeSaNa mAnA samudra se Upara aayaa| yadyapi vaidika vidvAn isa RcA kI vyAkhyA meM vRSabha jAya, yaha nirdhAraNa sahaja nahIM hai| Rgveda meM jo rudra kI stuti hai usameM kA artha sUrya karate haiM, ve vRSabha kA sUrya artha isa AdhAra para lagAte haiM 5 bAra vRSabha zabda kA aura 3 bAra arhan zabda kA ullekha huA hai| mAtra ki vRSabha zabda kA vyutpattilabhya artha hai jo varSA kA kAraNa hotA hai, itanA hI nahIM, rudra ko arhan zabda se bhI sambodhita kiyA gayA hai| itanA vaha vRSabha hai| kyoMki sUrya vRSTi kA kAraNa hai, ata: vRSabha kA eka artha to nizcita hai ki arhan vizeSaNa RSabhadeva ke lie hI adhika samIcIna sUrya bhI ho sakatA hai| sahasra zrRGga kA artha bhI ve sUrya kI hajAroM kiraNoM hai kyoMki yaha mAnya tathya hai ki unake dvArA pravartita dharma Arhata dharma hai| se karate haiM, kintu jaina dRSTi se isakA artha yaha bhI kiyA jA sakatA ata: Rgveda meM rudra kI jo stuti prApta hotI hai usameM yadi rudra ko vRSabha hai ki jJAna rUpI sahastroM kiraNoM se maNDita RSabhadeva samudrataTa para aaye| mAnA jAya to vaha vRSabha kI stuti ke rUpa meM bhI vyAkhyAyita ho sakatI isI RcA kI agalI paMkti kA zabdArtha isa prakAra hai- usa kI sahAyatA hai| yadyapi maiM ise eka sambhAvita vyAkhyA se adhika nahIM mAnatA huuN| isa se hama manuSyoM ko sulA dete haiM, kintu sUrya kI sahAyatA se manuSyoM ko sambandha meM pUrNa sunizcitatA kA dAvA karanA mithyA hogaa| kaise sulAyA jA sakatA hai yaha bAta sAmAnya buddhi kI samajha meM nahIM aatii| Rgveda meM vRSabha zabda kA bRhaspati ke vizeSaNa ke rUpa meM bhI phira bhI sahastra zrRGga kI vyAkhyA to lAkSaNika dRSTi se hI karanA hogaa| mAnA gayA hai| yahA~ bhI yahI samasyA hai| hama bRhaspati ko bhI vRSabha kA vRSabha zabda baila kA vAcI bhI hai aura Rgveda meM baila ke kriyAkalApoM vizeSaNa banA sakate haiM kyoMki RSabha ko paramajJAnI mAnA gayA hai| isa kI agni, indra Adi se tulanA bhI kI gaI hai jaise 8veM maNDala meM zizAno prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki vRSabha zabda indra, agni, rudra athavA bRhaspati vRSabho yathAgniH zrRGga davidhvata, (8.68.13) meM hama dekhate haiM ki agni kA vizeSaNa mAnA jAya yA ina zabdoM ko vRSabha kA vizeSaNa mAnA jAya, kI tulanA vRSabha se kI gayI hai aura kahA gayA hai ki jaise vRSabha apane isa samasyA kA samyak samAdhAna itanA hI ho sakatA hai ki ina vyAkhyAoM sIgoM se prahAra karate samaya apane sira ko hilAtA hai usI prakAra agni meM dRSTibheda hI pramukha hai| donoM vyAkhyAoM meM kisI ko bhI hama pUrNataH bhI apanI jvAlAoM ko hilAtA hai| asaMgata nahIM kaha skte| kintu yadi jaina dRSTi se vicAra kareM to hameM mAnanA isI prakAra kI anya RcAyeM bhI haiM- vRSabho na tigmazrRMgo'nta!theSu hogA ki rudra, indra, agni Adi RSabha ke vizeSaNa haiN| roruvata- (10.86.15) tIkSNa sIMga vAle vRSabha ke samAna jo apane Rgveda meM hameM eka sabase mahattvapUrNa sUcanA yaha milatI hai ki samUha meM zabda karatA hai| isakA jaina dRSTi se lAkSaNika artha yaha bhI ho aneka sandarbho meM vRSabha kA eka vizeSaNa marutvAn AyA hai (vRSabhoM sakatA hai ki tIkSNa prajJA vAle RSabha deva apane samUha arthAt caturvidha marutvAn (2.33.6)) / jaina paramparA meM RSabha ko marudevI kA putra mAnA saMgha yA pariSada meM upadeza dete haiM aura he indra! tuma bhI una para maMthana gayA hai, ata: unake sAtha yaha vizeSaNa samucita pratIta hotA hai| yA cintana kro| jJAtavya hai isa RcA meM 'na' zabda samAnatA yA tulanA Rgveda meM vRSabha sambandhI RcAoM kI vyAkhyA ke sambandha meM kA vAcI hai| isI prakAra 'AzuH zisAno vRSabho na' (10.103.1) meM yaha bhI spaSTa hai ki aneka prasaMgoM meM unakI lAkSaNika vyAkhyA ke atirikta bhI tulanA hai| anya koI vikalpa nahIM rahatA hai| isa prakAra Rgveda meM vRSabha zabda tulanA kI dRSTi se baila ke Rgveda ke caturtha maNDala ke aTThAvanaveM sUkta kI tIsarI RcA artha meM bhI aneka sthaloM meM prayukta huA hai| meM vRSabha ko cAra sIgoM, tIna pAdA yA pAvoM, do zIrSa, sAta hasta evaM uparyukta samasta carcAoM ke AdhAra para hama isa niSkarSa para tIna prakAra se baddha kahA gayA hai| yaha RcA spaSTa rUpa se RSabha ko samarpita pahucate haiM ki Rgveda meM jina-jina sthAnoM para vRSabha zabda kA prayoga huA hai| isameM RSabha ko mRtyoM meM upasthita yA praviSTha mahAdeva kahA gayA hai| hai una sabhI sthaloM kI vyAkhyA vRSabha ko 'RSabha' mAnakara nahIM kI jA isa RcA kI kaThinAI yaha hai ki ise kisI bhI sthiti meM apane sakatI hai| mAtra kucha sthala haiM jahA~ para Rgveda meM prayukta vRSabha kI vyAkhyA zabdAnusArI sahaja artha dvArA vyAkhyAyita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA kyoMki RSabha ke sandarbha meM kI jA sakatI hai| inameM bhI sampUrNa RcA ko na to vRSabha ke cAra sIMga hote haiM, na tIna pAda, na do zira hote haiM, na vyAkhyAyita karane ke liye lAkSaNika artha kA hI grahaNa karanA hogaa| hI sAta hAtha hote haiM, cAhe hama kisI bhI paramparA kI dRSTi se isa RcA adhika se adhika hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki Rgvaidika kAla meM vRSabha kI vyAkhyA kareM, lAkSaNika rUpa. meM hI karanA hogaa| aisI sthiti meM isa eka upAsya yA stutya RSi ke rUpa meM gRhIta the| RcA ko jahA~ dayAnanda sarasvatI Adi vaidika paramparA ke viddhAnoM ne hindU puna: Rgveda meM vRSabha kA rudra, indra, agni Adi ke sAtha jo paramparAnusAra vyAkhyAyita karane kA prayatna kiyA, vahI jaina vidvAnoM ne samIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai vaha itanA avazya batAtA hai ki yaha samIkaraNa ise jaina dRSTi se vyAkhyAyita kiyaa| jaba sahaja zabdAnusArI artha saMbhava paravartI kAla meM pracalita rhaa| 6ThI zatI se lekara 10vIM zatI ke jaina nahIM hai taba lAkSaNika artha ke atirikta anya koI vikalpa bhI zeSa nahIM sAhitya meM jahA~ RSabha kI stuti yA usake paryAyavAcI nAmoM kA ullekha hai unameM RSabha kI stuti isI rUpa meM kI gyii| RSabha ke ziva, paramezvara, isI prakAra Rgveda ke 7veM maNDala ke paccAvanaveM sUkta kI zaMkara, vidhAtA Adi nAmoM kI carcA hameM jaina paramparA ke prasiddha bhaktAmara rhtaa|
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________________ 640 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 stotra meM bhI milatI hai23| (ApakI yogyatA) ko prApta nahIM hote haiN| he nabha ! Apa samAdhiyukta Rgveda meM upalabdha kucha RcAoM kI jaina dRSTi se RSabhadeva (yuja), atikaThora sAdhaka, vrajamaya zarIra ke dhAraka aura indroM ke bhI ke prasaMga meM vyAkhyA karane kA hamane prayatna kiyA hai| vidvAnoM se yaha apekSA cakravartI haiM- jJAna ke dvArA andhakAra (ajJAna) kA nAza karake gA arthAt hai ki ve ina RcAoM ke artha ko dekheM aura nizcita kareM ki isa prayAsa prajA ko sukhoM se pUrNa kiijiye| kI kitanI sArthakatA hai| yadyapi maiM svayaM isa tathya se sahamata hU~ ki ina A carSANiprA vRSabho janAnAM rAjA kRSTInAM puruhUta indrH| RcAoM kA yahI eka mAtra artha hai aisA dAvA nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| agrima stutaH zravasyannavasopa madrigyuktA harI vRSaNA yaahyaang|| paMktiyoM meM kucha RcAoM kA jaina dRSTiparaka artha prastuta hai| merI (1.177.1) vyastatAoM ke kAraNa vRSabhavAcI sabhI 112 RcAoM kA artha to nahIM bahutoM meM prasiddha tathA bahutoM ke dvArA saMstuta, sabake usa kara pAyA hU~, mAtra dRSTi-bodha ke liye kucha RcAoM kI vyAkhyA prastuta vicakSaNa buddhi mahAna RSabhadeva kI isa prakAra stuti kI jAtI hai| vaha hai| isa vyAkhyA ke sambandha meM bhI mAtra itanA hI kahA jA sakatA hai ki stutya hokara hameM vIratA, godhana evaM vidyA pradAna kreN| hama usa tejasvI ina RcAoM ke jo vibhinna lAkSaNika artha sambhava haiM unameM eka artha yaha (jJAna) dAtA ko jAne yA prApta kreN| bhI ho sakatA hai| isase adhika merA koI dAvA nahIM hai| tvamagne indro vRSabhaH satAmasi tvaM viSNururugAyo nmsyH| tvaM brahmA rayividdbrahmaNaspate tvaM vidhartaH sacase purndhyaa|| RSabha vAcI Rgvaidika RcAoM kI jaina daSTi se vyAkhyA (2.1.3) asRgramindra te giraH prati tvAmudahAsata! he jyoti svarUpa jinendra RSabha! Apa satpuruSoM ke bIca ajoSA vRSabhaM ptim| praNAma karane yogya haiN| Apa hI viSNu haiM aura Apa hI brahmA haiM tathA (1.9.4) Apa hI vibhinna prakAra kI buddhiyoM se yukta medhAvI haiN| jisa sapta he indra ! (ajoSA) jinhoMne strI kA tyAga kara diyA hai, una kiraNoM vAle vRSabha ne sAta sindhuoM ko bahAyA aura nirmala AtmA RSabha (patim) svAmI ke prati ApakI jo aneka prakAra kI vANI (stuti) para car3he hue karmamala ko naSTa kara diyaa| ve bajrabAhu indra arthAt jinendra hai, vaha ApakI (bhAvanAoM) ko uttamatA pUrvaka abhivyakta karatI hai| Apa hI haiN| (jJAtavya hai ki jaina paramparA meM indra hI sarvaprathama jina kI stuti karatA anAnudo vRSabho dodhato vadho gambhIra RSvo asmssttkaavyH| hai- zakrastava (namotthuNaM) kA pATha jainoM meM sarva prasiddha hai) radhracodaH zUnathano vIlitaspRthurindraH suyajJaH uSasaH svrjnt| tvamagne vRSabhaH puSTivardhana udyatanuce bhavasi vaayyH| (2.21.4) ya AhutiM pari vedA vaSaTkRtimekAyugne viza avivaassi|| dAna dene meM jinake Age koI nahIM nikala sakA aise saMsAra (1.31.5) ko arthAt janma-maraNa ko kSINa karane vAle, karma zatruoM ko mArane vAle he jyotisvarUpa vRSabha ! Apa puSTi karane vAle haiM jo loga homa asAdhAraNa, kuzala, dRr3ha agoM vAle, uttama karma karane vAle RSabha ne suyajJa karane ke lie tatpara haiM unake lie svayaM Akara Apa sunane yogya haiM arthAt rUpI ahiMsA dharma kA prakAzana kiyaa| unheM AhUta hokara Apake vicAroM ko jAnanA caahie| Apa kA upadeza anAnudo vRSabho jagmirAhavaM niSTaptA zatru pRtanAsu saashiH| jAnane yogya hai kyoMki usake AdhAra para uttama kriyAyeM kI jA sakatI asi satya RNayA brahmaNaspata ugrasya cidapitA viilhrssinnH|| haiN| Apa ekAyu arthAt carama zarIrI haiM aura tIrthaMkaroM meM prathama yA agra (2.23.11) haiM aura prajA Apa meM hI nivAsa karatI hai arthAt Apa kI hI AjJA kA he jJAna ke svAmI vRSabha! tumhAre jaisA dUsarA dAtA nahI hai| anusaraNa karatI hai| tuma Atma zatruoM ko tapAne vAle, unakA parAbhava karane vAle, karma (jJAtavya hai- vaidika dRSTi se agni ke liye ekAyu evaM agra rUpI RNa ko dUra karane vAle, uttama harSa dene vAle kaThora sAdhaka va vizeSaNa kA prayoga utanA samIcIna nahIM hai jitanA RSabha tIrthaMkara ke satya ke prakAzaka ho| sAtha hai| unheM ekAyu kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki jinakA yahI antima unmA mamanda vRSabho marutvAntvakSIyasA vayasA naadhmaanm| jIvana hai| dUsare prathama tIrthaMkara hone se unake sAtha agra vizeSaNa bhI dhRNIva cchAyAmaraNa azIyA''vivAseyaM rudrasya sugnm| upayukta hai (2.33.6) na ye divaH pRthivyA antamApurna mAyAbhirdhanadAM prybhuuvn| marutvAn arthAt marudevI ke putra RSabha hama (bhikSuoM) ko yujaM vajraM vRSabhazcakra indro niryotiSA tamaso gA aduksst|| tejasvI anna se tRpta kre| jisa prakAra dhUpa se pIDita vyakti chAyA (1.33.10) kA Azraya letA hai usI prakAra maiM bhI pApa rahita hokara kaThora sAdhaka he svAmI (RSabhadeva) ! na to svarga ke aura na pRthvI ke vAsI vRSabha ke sukha ko prApta kara va unakI sevA karU arthAt nirvANa lAbha mAyA aura dhanAdi (parigraha) se paribhUta hone ke kAraNa ApakI maryAdA prApta kruuN|
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________________ Rgveda meM arhat aura RSabhavAcI RcAyeM : eka vimarza 641 pra dIdhitirvizrvavArA jigAti hotAramilaH prathamaM yjdhyai| se yukta hue| jisa prakAra varSA karane vAlA megha (vRSabha) pRthvI kI pyAsa acchA namobhivRSabhaM vandadhyai sa devAnyakSadiSito yjiiyaan|| bujhAtA hai usI prakAra ve pUrvo ke jJAna ke dvArA janatA kI pyAsa ko bujhAte (3.4.3) haiN| he vRSabha ! Apa rAjA aura kSatriya haiM tathA AtmA kA patana nahIM hone samagra saMsAra ke dvArA vareNya tathA prakAza ko karane vAlI buddhi dete haiN| sabase prathama pUjA karane ke lie jyoti svarUpa RSabha ke pAsa jAtI yadanyAsu vRSabho roravIti so anyasminyUtha ni dadhAti retH| hai| usa RSabha kI vandanA karane ke lie hama namaskAra karate hue usake sa hi kSapAvAntsa bhagaH sa rAjA mhdevaanaamsurtvmekm| pAsa jaayeN| hamAre dvArA prerita hokara vaha bhI pUjanIya devoM kI pUjA kreN| (3.55.17) aSAlaho agne vRSabho didIhi puro vizvAH saubhagA sjigiivaan| jisa prakAra vRSabha anya yUthoM meM jAkara DakAratA hai aura anya yajJasya netA prathamasya pAyojAtavedo bRhataH sprnniite|| yUthoM meM jAkara apane vIrya ko sthApita karatA hai| usI prakAra RSabhadeva (3.15.4) bhI anya dArzanika samUha meM jAkara apanI vANI kA prakAza karate haiM aura he aparAjita aura tejasvI RSabha! Apa sabhI aizvaryazAlI apane siddhAnta kA sthApana karate haiN| ve RSabha karmoM kA kSapana karane vAle nagaroM meM dharma yukta karmoM kA prakAza kiijie| he sarvajJa ! Apa ahiMsA athavA saMyamI athavA jinakA pramAda naSTa ho aise apramatta bhagavAna, rAjA, dharma ke uttama rIti se nirNAyaka hue, Apa hI tyAga mArga ke prathama netA devoM aura asuroM meM mahAn haiN| haiN| (jJAtavya hai ki yahAM yajJa zabda ko tyAga mArga ke artha meM grahIta kiyA catvAri zrRMDa trayo asya pAdA dve zIrSe sapta hastAso asy| gayA hai|) tridhA baddho vRSabho roravIti maho devo mAM A vivesh|| marutvantaM vRSabhaM vAvRdhAnamakavAriM divyaM shaasmindrm| (4.58.3) vizrvAsAhamavase nUtanAyograM sahodAmiha tvaM huvem|| ve RSabha deva ananta catuSTaya rUpI cAra zrRGgo se tathA samyak (3.47.5) jJAna, darzana evaM cAritrarUpI tIna pAdoM se yukta haiN| jJAnopayoga va marutvAna, vikAsamAna, avarNanIya divya zAsaka, sabhI (karma) darzanopayoga aise do siroM, pA~ca indriyoM, mana evaM buddhi zatruoM ko harAne vAle vIra RSabha ko hama Atma-rakSaNa ke lie yahA~ se yukta haiN| ve tIna yogoM se baddha hokara mRtyoM meM nivAsa karate haiN| ve mahAdeva AmaMtrita karate haiN| RSabha apanI vANI kA prakAzana karate haiN| sadyo ha jAto vRSabhaH kanInaH prabhartubhAvadandhasaH sutsy| sandarbha sAdhoH piba pratikAmaM yathA te rasAziraH prathamaM somysy|| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina, jaina, bauddha aura mItA kA sAdhanA (3.48.1) mArga, rAjasthAna prAkRta bhAratI, jayapura 1982, pR. utpanna hote hI mahAbalavAna, sundara va taruNa una vRSabha ne bhUmikA pR. 6-10 annadAna karane vAloM kA tatkAla rakSaNa kiyaa| he jinendra RSabha ! samatA 2. niggaMtha sakka tAvasa geruya AjIva paMcahA samaNA-piNDaniyukti, rasa ke andara milAye mizraNa kA Apa sarvaprathama pAna kreN| 445, niyuktisaMgraha saM. vijaya jinedra sUrIzvara, zrI harSa puSpAmRta patirbhava vRtrahantsUnRtAnAM girAM vizvAyurvRSabho vyodhaaH| jaina grantha mAlA, lAkhAbAbala; jaamngr| A no gahi sakhyebhiH zivebhirmahAnmahIbhirutibhiH srnnyn|| 3... (a) niggaMtha dhammammi imA samAhI, sUyagaDo, jaina vizvabhAratI, _ (3.31.18) lAu~nU, 2 / 6 / 42 mahA~ ugro vAvRdhe vIryAya samAcakra vRSabhaH kaavyen| (ba) nigaNTho nATaputto- dIghanikAya, mahAparinivvANa suttaindro bhago vAjadA asya gAvaH prajAyante dakSiNA asyapUrvIH / subhadhaparivvAjakavatthuna, 3 / 23 / 86 (3.36.5) (sa) nigaMThesu pi me kaTe ime viyApaTA hohaMti- jaina prajA aura dAna pUrvakAla se hI prasiddha hai| zilAlekhasaMgraha bhAga-2, lekha kramAMka-1 (jJAtavya hai ki RSabha prathama zAsaka the aura unhoMne apanI prajA 4. isibhAsiyAI suttAI - prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI, jayapura, 1988 ko samyak jIvana zailI sikhAyI thI tathA dIkSA ke pUrva vipula dAna diyA dekheM- bhUmikA, sAgaramala jaina, pR.19-20 (sAmAnyatayA thaa| isI dRSTi se yahA~ kahA gayA hai ki unakI prajA (gAva) evaM dAna pUrva sampUrNa bhUmikA hI draSTavya hai). se hI prasiddha hai| jJAtavya hai ki Rgveda, 1085 / 4 meM bArhata zabda to milatA asUta pUrvo vRSabho jyAyAnimA asya zurudhaH santi puurviiH| hai kintu Aheta zabda nahIM milatA hai, yadyapi arhan evaM 'arhanto' divo napAtA vidathasya dhIbhiH kSatraM rAjAnA pradivo ddhaathe|| zabda milate haiM, kintu brAhmaNoM, AraNyakoM Adi meM Ahata aura (3.38.5) bArhata donoM zabda milate haiN| una zreSTha RSabhadeva ne pUrvo ko utpanna kiyA athavA ve pUrva jJAna 6. dekheM- sutaM metaM bhante-vajjI yAni tAni vajjInaM vajjicetiyAni
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________________ 642 jaina vidyA ke AyAma khaNDa-6 sUtra 2. abbhantarAni ceva bAhirAni tAni sakkAronti garuM karontimAnenti tvaM vRSabhaH puSTivardhana- vRSabha = valiSTa 1.31.5. puujenti| 15. dekheM- RSabha evaM bRSabha zabda- saMskRta hindI koza, vAmana ..vajjInaM arahantesu dhammikA rakkhAAvaraNagutti, susaMvihitA zivarAma ApTe, motIlAla banArasI dAsa, dillI 1984, pRSTha kinti anAgatA ca arahanto vijitaM AgaccheyyaM AgatA ca 224 evaM 973 arahanto vijite phAsu vihreyyu|-diighnikaay mahAparinivvANasuttaM, 16. vRSabhaH = varSA karane vAlA 5.58.3 3 / 1 / 4 (nAlandA devanAgarI pAli sirIja) jJAtavya hai ki svAmI dayAnanda ne indra ke sAtha prayukta vRSabha zabda dekheM- saMskRta-hindI koza - bRhat (vi.) strI. tI, bRhatI napuM. ko indra kA vizeSaNa mAnakara usakA artha varSA karane vAlA kiyA 1 veda 2 sAmaveda kA maMtra, 3 brahma (saM. vAmana zivarAma ApTe, hai| dekheM- 5.43.13, 5.58.6ba motIlAla banArasIdAsa, dehalI-7 dvi. saM. 1984, pR. 720) 17. vRSabha: bRhaspati-kAmanAoM ke varSaka bRhaspati- 10.92.90. dekheM- devo deyAna, yjtvignrrhn| Rgveda, 1.94.1, vRSabha: prajAM varSatIti vAti bRhatireta iti vA tada vaSakarmA varSaNAda 2.3.1, 3, 2.33.10, 5.7 5.52.5, 5.87.5, vRssbhH| 7.18.22, 10.99.7. -niruktam (yAskamaharSi prakAzitaM) 9.22.1. vaidika padAnukrama-koSa, prathamakhaNDa: vizvezvarAnanda vaidika 18. anarthakA hi mantrAH - nirukta, adhyAya 1, khaNDa 15, pAda 5, zodhasaMsthAna, hoziyAra pura, 1976, pR. 518. juddhArihaM khalu dullbh| - AcArAMga, 1.1.5.3 -khemarAja zrIkRSNadAsa, mumbayyAM saMvat 1982. imeNa ceva jujjhAhi, ki te jujjheNa bajjhao- AcArAMga, 19. Rgveda bhASAbhASya - dayAnanda sarasvatI - dayAnanda saMsthAna, naI 1.1.5.3 dillI-5 10. (A) Radha Krishnan-Indian philosophy (Ist edi- dekheM- Rgveda, 10.111.2 kA bhaassy| tion) Vol.1, p. 287. 20. Rgveda kA subodha bhASya, padmabhUSaNa DaoN. zrI pAda dAmodara (B) Indian Antiquary, Vol. IX, Page 163. satavalekara, svAdhyAya maNDala pAraDI - jilA balasADha, 1985 11. barhiSi tasminneva viSNudatta bhagavAn paramarSibhiH nAbheH priya dekheM-Rgveda, 10.111.2 kA bhaassy| cikIrSayA tadavarodhAya ne marudevyAM dharmAn darzayitu kAmo 21. vahI, dekheM-Rgveda, 4.58.3. vAtarazanAnAM zramaNAnAmRSINAmUrdhvamandhinAM zuklayA tnvaavtaar|- 22.. Rgveda bhASA bhASya, dayAnanda sarasvatI, dayAnanda saMsthAna, naI zrImadbhAgavata, 5.3.20 dillI-5 dekheM- (a) liMgapurANa, 48.19-23. dekheM - Rgveda, 4.58.3 (ba) zivapurANa, 52.85. bhaktAmarastotra (mAnatuMga), 23, 24, 25 (sa) AgneyapurANa, 10.11-12. tvAmAmananti munayaH paramaM pumAMsa - (da) brahmANDapurANa, 14.53. mAdityavarNamamalaM tamasaH parastAt (i) viSNupurANa-dvitIyAMza a. 1.26-27. tvAmeva samyagupalabhya jayanti mRtyu (epha) kUrmapurANa, 41.37-38. nAnyaH zivaH zivapadasya munIndra ! pnthaaH||23|| (jI) varAhapurANa, a. 74. tvAmavyayaM vibhumacintyamasaMkhyamAdyaM (eca) skandhapurANa, adhyAya 37. brahmANamIzvaramanantamanaGgaketuma (AI) mArkaNDeyapurANa, adhyAya 50 / 39-41. yogIzvaraM viditayogamanekamekaM dekheM-ahiMsAvANI - tIrthaMkara bha. RSabhadeva, vizeSAMka varSa 7 jJAnasvarUpamamalaM pravadanti sntH||24|| aMka 1-2. buddhastvameva vibudhArcitabuddhibodhAt maruputra RSabha - zrI rAjArAma jaina, pR.87-92. tvaM zaGkaro'si bhuvanatrayazaGkaratvAt 13. vRSabha yathA zRMge zizAna:davidhvat- vRSabha = baila 8.60.13, dhAtAsi dhIra zivamArgavidhervidhAnAd 6.16.47, 7.19.1. vyaktaM tvameva bhagavan purussottmaa'si||25|| 14. vRSabhaH = indraH vajaM yujaM- vRSabha = balavAna 1.33.10. nainatara gandhoM meM RSabha hetu dekhe jaina rUpana(Psher).50-62 12. . For Private &Personal Use Only