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________________ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .-.-.-. -.-. -.-. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. -. bhAratIya yoga aura jaina cintana-dhArA DaoN0 chaganalAla zAstrI [saradAra zahara, jilA cUrU (rAja.)] bhAratIya cintana-dhArA nizcaya hI bar3I sUkSma rahI hai| vaha kramazaH sthUla se sUkSma kI ora gatimAna hotI gii| mAMsala jIvana kI sAmayika upayogitA svIkArane ke bAvajUda jIvana ke carama satya kA sAkSAtkAra karane ke lie bhAratIya mAnasa sadaiva Akula rahA / ataeva-'RNaM kRtvA ghRtaM pibet, yAvajjIvet sukhaM jIvet / bhasmIbhUtasya dehasya, punarAgamanaM kutaH / ' arthAt pAsa meM kucha na ho to Rga karake ghI pIe, jaba taka jIe, sukha se jIe / mRta deha ke jalA die jAne ke bAda phira kyA bacA rahatA hai, phira kauna vApisa AtA hai ? cArvAka kI yaha bAta sunane meM bar3I mIThI thI, priya bhI lagI para udbodha-pravaNa mAnava antata: isase tRpta nahIM huA, antarbubhukSA, jijJAsA, cAha banI hI raha gii| bRhadAraNyakopaniSad ke dvitIya adhyAya, caturya brAhmaNa meM vaNita yAjJavalkya-maitreyI-saMvAda se yaha spaSTa hai| yAjJavalkya saMnyAsI hone ko udyata haiM / unake do patniyA~ thIM--paitreyI aura kAtyAyanI / ve maitreyI se kahate haiM "maineyi iti ha uvAca yAjJavalkya udyAsyanvA araM'hamasmAt sthAnAd asmi hanta te'nayA kAtyAyanyA antaM karavANIti / " arthAt maiM Urdhvagamana karanA cAhatA hU~- gArhasthya se U~cA uTha saMnyAsa lenA cAhatA huuN| ata: apanI sampatti kA tumhAre aura kAtyAyanI ke bIca ba~TavArA kara duuN| yAjJavalkya bar3e sampanna the| unake pAsa aparimita dhana-dhAnya, sampatti aura vaibhava thaa| maitreyI ne isake uttara meM jo kahA, vAstava meM bar3A mArmika hai "sA ha uvAca maitreyI / yantu ma iyaM bhagoH sarvA pRthivI vittana pUrNA syAt, kathaM tenAmRtA syAmiti / neti ha uvAca yAjJavalkyo yayaivopakaraNavatAM jIvitaM tayaiva te jIvitaM syAd amRtatvasya tu nAzAsti vitta neti / " arthAt maitreyI ne kahA-bhagavan ! yadi yaha sArI pRthvI dhana se paripUrNa ho, mujhe prApta ho jAe to kyA maiM usase amara ho sakatI hU~ ? yAjJavalkya ne kahA-maitreyI ! aisA nahIM hotaa| puSkala sAdhana-sAmagrI-sampanna janoM kA jaisA jIvana hotA hai, tumhArA bhI usase vaisA ho jAyegA para usase amRtatva kI AzA nahIM kI jA sktii| isa para ubuddhacetA mantreyI apane Apako spaSTa karatI hai"sA ha uvAca maitreyI yenAhaM nAmRtA syAm kimahaM tena kuryAm / yadeva bhagavAn veda tadeva me bahIti / " arthAt bhagavan ! jisase amRtatva kI upalabdhi na ho, use lekara maiM kyA karUM / amaratva ke sambandha meM jo Apa jAnate haiM, mujhe btlaaeN|
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________________ 160 +++++ jJAnI yAjJavalkya apanI patnI maitreyI ke ina udgAroM se prabhAvita hote haiM aura ve use Atma-tatva kI anusandhitsA kI ora prerita karate haiM / unake usa pravacana kI antima paMktiyA~ bar3I preraka haiM ..........AtmA vA are draSTavyaH zrotavyo mantavyo nididhyAsitavyo maitreyi ! Atmano vA are darzanena zravaNena matyA vijJAnenedaM srvviditm|" arthAt maitreyI ! AtmA hI darzanIya, zravaNIya, mananIya tathA nididhyAsanIya hai / usI ke darzana, zravaNa, manana aura vijJAna se saba vijJAta ho jAtA hai / karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : caturtha khaNDa yAjJavalkya aura maitreyI kA kathAnaka tathA saMvAda bhAratIya mAnasa kI usa antarvRtti kA dyotaka haiM, jise vAstavika tRpti, tuSTi kiMvA zAnti ke lie kucha aisA cAhie thA, jo use bahirjagat meM prApta nahIM ho rahA thaa| Atma-tatvamUlaka cintana ke UrdhvagAmI vikAsa kI ora yaha eka sajIva iMgita hai / isI yA etattulya pRSThabhUmi para AtmavAdI darzanoM kI dhArA bahumukhI AyAmoM meM vistAra pAtI hai, jisakA na kevala bhAratIya pratyuta vizva vAGmaya meM apanA ananya sAdhAraNa svAna hai| bhAratIya darzanoM kI mUla preraNA vAstavika dRSTyA yaha jagata duHkhamaya hai| kahane ko duHkhanivAraka sAdhana haiM para duHkha unase sarvabhA dhvasta nahIM hote| isI mAnasika uhApoha ke AdhAra para adhikAMza bhAratIya darzanoM kI cintanadhArA duHkha ke Adarza se prArambha hotI hai / udAharaNArtha, yahA~ kevala sAMkhya darzana kA sandarbha upasthApita kiyA jAtA hai / sAMkhyadarzana kI atiprAmANika pustaka IzvarakRSNa racita sAMkhyakArikA kA prArambha isI vicAra se hotA hai| usakI prathama kArikA isa prakAra hai "duHkhAbhipAtAt jijJAsA tadapaghAtake hetau / sApAcenaikAntAtyanto'bhAvAt // " dRSTe AdhyAtmika, Adhibhautika tathA Adhidainika duHkhoM se mAnava pIr3ita hai| isalie apaghAta duHkha nAzaka kAraNa kI gaveSaNA karatA hai| para, dRSTa- bAhya kAraNoM se unakA ekAntataH tathA atyantataH nivAraNa nahIM ho pAtA / abhipreta IzvarakRSNa apanI pustaka kI dUsarI kArikA meM dRSTa nivAraka kAraNoM kI taraha Anubhavika -- vedasammata yajJa-yAgAdika bhI asvIkAra karatA hai tathA duHkhanivRtti kI hetutA 1-puruSa yA AtmA, 2- avyaktaprakRti tathA vyakta mahat se bhUtaparyanta ke vijJAna viziSTa jJAna samyak jJAna meM hai, vaisA mAnatA hai| yaha kArikA isa prakAra hai- "dRSTavad AnuzravikaH sa hi avizuddhikSayAtizayayuktaH / tadviparItaH zreyAn vyaktAvyaktajJa vijJAnAt // " - bhAratIya darzanoM kA carama abhipreta mokSa hai| mokSa kA tAtparya samagra duHkhoM kI ekAntika tathA Atyantika nivRtti hai| mokSa zabda jisakA artha chUTanA yA chuTakArA pAnA hai, se yaha prakaTa hai| yadi gaharAI meM jAyeM to pratIta hotA hai, mokSa kI vyAkhyA meM kucha antara bhI rahA hai / katipaya dArzanikoM ne duHkhoM kI Atyantika ekAntika nivRtti ke sthAna para sahaja, zAzvata sukha prApti ko mokSa zabda se abhihita kiyA hai kI prApti hone para duHkhoM kA sarvadA ke lie sarvayA apagama ho jAtA hai| / yaha svAbhAvika hai ki etatkoTika sukha vaizeSika, naiyAyika, sAMkhya, yoga aura bauddha darzana pahale pakSa ke paripoSaka haiM tathA vedAnta aura janadarzana dUsare pakSa kA samarthana karate haiM vedAnta darzana meM brahma www.jaintelibrary.org.
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________________ saccidAnandasvarUpa mAnA gayA hai ataH avidyAvacchinna brahma yA jIva meM avidyA ke nAza dvArA nitya zAzvata, sahaja, niratizaya Ananda kI abhivyakti hotI hai, vahI mokSa hai| Ananda hI brahma kA svarUpa hai / taittirIyopaniSad ke paSTha anuvAka ke prArambha meM kahA hai "AnandI pati vyajAnAta AnandAt hi evaM bhAratIya yoga aura jaMna cintana-dhArA 161 AnandaM prapanti abhisaMvizanti / " arthAt -- brahma AnandasvarUpa hai / Ananda se hI sabhI prANI utpanna hote haiM / utpanna hue prANI Ananda se ha jIvita rahate haiM / Ananda kI ora prayANa karate haiM / antataH Ananda meM hI samA jAte haiM / , imAni bhUtAni jAyante / Anandena jAtAni jIvanti / jaina darzana meM bhI AtmA ko ananta - ayyAbAdha sukhasvarUpa mAnA gayA hai| svAbhAvika sukha, jo karmoM ke AvaraNa se acchA rahatA hai, kamoM ke sarvavA, sampUrNataH kSaya hone se udghATita ho jAtA hai| vahI mokSa hai, kyoMki vaha AtmA kI karmoM ke badhana se bilakula chUTa jAne kI sthiti hai| AcArya umAsvAtiracita tattvArtha sUtra ke dazam adhyAya tRtIya sUtra meM "harasnakarmakSayo mokSaH " kahA hai, jisakA yahI Azaya hai| sAdhanA-saraNi mokSAtmaka dhyeya kI siddhi ke lie vibhinna dArzanika paramparAoM meM apane-apane dRSTikoNa ke anusAra jJAna, cintana, manana, nididhyAsana, tadanurUpa AcaraNa Adi ke rUpa meM eka suvyavasthita saraNi nirdiSTa kI gaI hai, jisakA vividhatA ke bAvajUda apanA-apanA mahattva hai| unameM pataMjali kA yoga darzana eka aisA krama detA hai, jisakI sAdhanA yA abhyAsa-paddhati aneka apekSAoM se upayogI hai| yahI kAraNa hai, yoga-darzana- nirdezita vidhikrama ko sAMkhya, nyAya, vaizeSika Adi ke atirikta anyAnya darzanoM ne bhI bahuta kucha svIkAra kiyA hai yoM kahanA atizayokti nahIM hogA ki sabhI prakAra ke sAdhakoM ne apanI paramparA, abhiruci tathA buddhi ke anurUpa yoganirUpita mArga kA anusaraNa kiyA hai, jo bhAratIya darzana evaM saMskRti kI samanvayamUlaka pravRtti kA sUcaka hai| 1 jaina paramparA meM yoga bhAratIya cintana-dhArA vaidika, jaina tathA bauddha darzana kI triveNI ke rUpa meM pravahaNazIlA rahI hai| vaidika RSiyoM, jaina tIrthaMkaroM, AcAryoM tathA bauddha tattvadraSTAoM ne apanI niHsaMga sAdhanA ke pariNAmasvarUpa jJAna evaM anubhUti ke ve divya ratna diye haiM, jinakI AbhA kabhI dhUmila nahIM hogii| tInoM hI paramparAoM meM yoga jaise mahatvapUrNa, vyavahArya tathA jIvana ke vikAsa kI prakriyA se sambaddha viSaya para uccakoTi kA sAhitya racA gyaa| yadyapi bauddhoM kI dhArmika bhASA pAli rahI hai jo mAgadhI prAkRta kA hI rUpAntara hai tathA jainoM kI dhArmika bhASA - zvetAmbaroM kI arddhamAgadhI tathA digambaroM kI zaurasenI prAkRta rahI hai; para bauddhoM evaM jainoM kA lagabhaga sArA kA sArA dArzanika sAhitya saMskRta meM likhA gayA hai / gambhIra, vizAla, bhAva- samuccaya ko ati saMkSipta zabdAvalI meM atyanta vizadatA aura prabhAvakatA ke sAtha vyakta karane kI saMskRta bhASA kI apanI asAdhAraNa kSamatA hai| ina donoM hI paramparAoM meM yoga para bhI prAyaH adhikAMza racanAeM saMskRta bhASA meM hI huI haiN| pramukha jaMga ka jaina yoga para likhane vAle mukhyataH cAra AcArya haiM-- haribhadra, hemacandra, zubhacandra tathA yazovijaya / ye cAroM aneka viSayoM ke bahuta pAragAmI vidvAna the, inakI kRtiyoM se yaha prakaTa hai| AcArya haribhadra ( I0 AThavIM zatI) ne yoga para saMskRta meM yogabindu tathA yogadRSTisamuccaya, AcArya hemacandra ne yogazAstra, AcArya zubhacandra ne jJAnArNava evaM upAdhyAya yazovijaya ne adhyAtma-sAra, adhyAtmopaniSad va saTIka dvAvizat yA dvAvizikAoM kI racanA kii| AcArya hemacandra kA samaya bArahavIM zatI hai| AcArya zubhacandra bhI lagabhaga isI AsapAsa ke haiN| upAdhyAya yazovijaya kA samaya I0 aThArahavIM zatAbdI hai / .
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________________ 162 karmayogI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : catartha khaNDa AcArya haribhadra kI prAkRta bhASA meM bhI yoga para yogazataka tathA yogavizikA nAmaka do kRtiyA~ haiN| una dvArA saMskRta meM racita SoDazakaprakaraNa bhI suprasiddha hai, jisake katipaya adhyAyoM meM unhoMne yoga ke sambandha meM vivecana kiyA hai| dhyAnazataka nAmaka eka prAcIna prAkRta-racanA hai, jisakI 46-47 gAthAe~ AcArya vIrasena dvArA racita dhavalA meM uddhRta haiM / AcArya haribhadra ne isa para TIkA kii| upAdhyAya yazovijaya ne AcArya haribhadra praNIta yogavizikA tathA SoDazaka para saMskRta me TIkAe~ likhakara prAcIna gUDhatattvoM kA bar3A vizada vizleSaNa kiyaa| unhoMne pataMjali ke yogasUtra ke katipaya sUtroM para bhI eka vRtti kI racanA kI, jinameM pAtaMjala yoga tathA jaina yoga kA tulanAtmaka vivecana hai| ajJAtakartRka yogapradIpa nAmaka eka pustaka prApta hai, jisameM 143 yA 144 zloka milate haiN| pustaka ke parizIlana se pratIta hotA hai, yaha AcArya zubhacandra ke jJAnArNava tathA AcArya hemacandra ke yogazAstra ke AdhAra para likhI gaI hai| isI prakAra yogasAra nAmaka eka aura grantha bhI zvetAmbara sAhitya meM upalabdha hai, jisake racanAkAra kA usameM ullekha nahIM hai| usameM prayukta dRSTAnta Adi se anumeya hai ki usakI racanA bhI saMbhavataH AcArya hemacandra ke yogazAstra ke AdhAra para hI huI hai| yazastilaka campU ke racayitA AcArya somadeva sUri kI yoga para "yogamArga" nAmaka eka adbhuta pustaka hai jo zikhariNI chanda meM eka atyanta praur3ha racanA hai| 12vIM zatI meM hue AcArya bhAskarAnaMdi kI saMskRta meM dhyAnastava nAmaka racanA hai, jisameM dhyAna kA sundara vizleSaNa hai| upAdhyAya yazovijaya dvArA saMskArita tathA anUdita samAdhizataka nAmaka kRti bhI ullekhanIya hai, jisameM kartA kA nAma nahIM hai / maMgalAcaraNa ke antargata Aye eka zloka se pratIta hotA hai, usake kartA koI digambara vidvAn rahe hoN| vaha zloka nimnAMkita hai jayanti yasyAvadato'pi bhAratI, vibhUtayastIrthakRto'pyanIhatuH / zivAya dhAtre sugatAya viSNave, jinAya tasme sakalAtmane namaH / / yahA~ prayukta "avadata: api bhAratI" ye pada dRSTavya hai, jinase digambara-paramparA meM svIkRta abhASAtmaka, OMkAradhvanimayI bhagavad-dezanA kA saMketa prApta hotA hai| jaina tattvajJAna kA srota jaina tattvajJAna kA mukhya srota addhamAgadhI prAkRta meM grathita aMga, upAMga, mUla, cheda, cUlikA evaM prakIrNaka sUtra haiN| ina Agama sUtroM para prAkRta tathA saMskRta meM niyukti, bhASya, cUNi, TIkA Adi ke rUpa meM vyAkhyA tathA vizleSaNaparaka sAhitya praNIta huA / saMskRta-prAkRta ke mizrita rUpa ke prayoga kI jainoM meM vizeSa paramparA rahI hai, jise maNi-pravAlanyAya kI saMjJA se abhihita kiyA gayA hai| zvetAmbara cUrNI-sAhitya meM isa zailI kA prayoga draSTavya hai| digambara AcArya bhUtabali aura puSpadanta (lagabhaga prathama-dvitIya zatAbdI) dvArA racita SaT khaNDAgama para AThavIM-nauvIM I0 zatI meM AcArya vIrasena ne bahattara sahasra zloka pramANa dhavalA nAmaka TIkA likhii| AcArya bhUtabali aura puSpadanta ke lagabhaga samasAmayika AcArya guNadhara ke kaSAya prAbhUta para bhI unhoMne TIkA likhanA cAlU kiyaa| para, ve 30 sahasra zloka-pramANa TIkA likhakara svargavAsI ho gye| TIkA-lekhana kArya AcArya vIrasena ke vidvAn ziSya AcArya jinasena ne pUrNa kiyA / kaSAya prAbhUta kI samagra TIkA sATha sahasra zloka pramANa hai| yaha jayadhavalA ke nAma se prasiddha hai / dhavalA aura jayadhavalA meM cUrNiyoM kI taraha maNi-pravAla-nyAyAtmaka saMskRta-prAkRta mizrita zailI svIkAra kI gaI hai / astu /
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________________ bhAratIya yoga aura jaina cintana-dhArA 163 . mUla Agama, una para racita uparyukta vyAkhyA-sAhitya meM jainadarzana ke vibhinna aMgoM kA vistRta evaM vizada vizleSaNa prApta hai / mUla AgamoM meM yoga ke sandarbha meM sAmagrI to prApta hai aura paryApta bhI, para hai vikIrNa rUpa meN| vyAkhyA granthoM meM yatra-tatra usakA vistAra hai, jo anuzIlanIya hai| para vastutaH vaha sAmagrI kramabaddha yA vyavasthita nahIM hai / jisa sandarbha meM jo vivecana-vizleSaNa apekSita huA, kara diyA gayA tathA use vahIM chor3a diyA gyaa| I0 pA~cavI-chaThI zatAbdI meM jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa eka bahuta hI samartha Agama-kuzala vidvAn hue| jaina AcAryoM ke zabdoM meM ve duHSama kAla meM andhakAra meM nimajjamAna jina-pravacana ke udyota ke lie dIpa sadaza the| unakA vizeSAvazyakabhAvya nAmaka grantha bahuta prasiddha hai| usameM aneka sthAnoM para yoga-sambandhI viSayoM kA vivecana hai| jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa kI samAdhizataka nAmaka eka aura kRti bhI hai, jisakA yoga se sambandha hai| parizIlana se jJAta hotA hai, jinabhadragaNI kSamAzramaNa ne Agama tathA niyukti Adi meM varNita viSaya se vizeSa adhika nahIM kahA hai| unakI varNanazailI bhI Agamika jaisI hai| sAdhaka jIvana ke lie atyanta apekSita yoga jaise upayogI viSaya para jaina paramparA meM sabase pahale suvyavasthita evaM kramabaddha sAmagrI upasthita karane vAle AcArya haribhadrasUri haiN| jaina sAdhaka ke lie sAdhanA kA mUla vaicArika AdhAra jaina Agama haiN| AcArya haribhadra ne jaina Agama vaNita yogaviSayaka tathya to dhyAna meM rakkhe hI sAtha hI sAtha isa sandarbha meM apanI maulika udbhAvanAe~ bhI prastuta kI, jinakA yoga-sAhitya meM bar3A mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| AcArya zubhacandra tathA AcArya hemacandra ne isa paramparA ko Age bar3hAyA para jJaya hai ki ina donoM ke srota eka mAtra AcArya haribhadra nahIM the / inakI apanI parikalpanA evaM paddhati thii| phira bhI AcArya harizara meM kI jahA~ unheM grAhyatA lagI, unhoMne rucipUrvaka unheM grahaNa kiyaa| yadyapi hemacandra aura zubhacandra jaina paramparA ke pravetAmbara tathA digambara-do bhinna AmnAyoM se sambaddha the para yoga ke nirUpaNa meM donoM eka dUsare se kAphI prabhAvita pratIta hote haiN| pAtaMjala aSTAMga yoga tathA jaina sAdhanA yogAzcittavRtti nirodhaH" (yogasUtra 1-2) citta kI vRttiyoM kA sampUrNata: nirodha yoga hai, yaha pataMjalikRta yoga ko paribhASA hai| jaba taka cittavRttiyA~ sarvathA niruddha ekAgra nahIM ho jAtI, AtmA kA apanA zuddha svarUpa yathA kathaMcit vismRta rahatA hai / vastutaH cittavRttiyA~ hI saMsAra hai, bandhana hai| cittavRttiyoM kI vikRtAvasthA meM mithyA satya jaisA pratIta hotA hai / yaha pratIti dhvasta ho jAe, AtmA apane zuddha svarUpa ko adhigata kara le, dUsare zabdoM meM avidyA kA AvaraNa kSINa ho jAe, AtmA paramAtmAsvarUpa bana jAe, yahI sAdhaka kA carama lakSya hai| yahI bandhana se muktatA hai, yahI sat cit Ananda kA sAkSAtkAra hai| isa sthiti ko AtmasAt karane kA mArga yoga hai / pataMjali ne yogAMgoM kA nirUpaNa karate hue likhA hai "yamaniyamAsanaprANAyAmapratyAhAradhAraNAdhyAnasamAdhayoSTAvaMgAni" (yogasUtra 2-26) / arthAta yama, niyama, Asana, prANAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna tathA samAdhi-yoga ke ye ATha aMga haiN| inakA anuSThAna karane se caitasika mala apagata ho jAtA hai| phalata: sAdhaka yA yogI ke jJAna kA prakAza viveka khyAti taka pahu~ca jAtA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM use buddhi, ahaMkAra aura indriyoM se sarvathA bhinna Atma-svarUpa kA sAkSAtkAra ho jAtA hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana, Atmika sukha, kSAyika samyaktva Adi AtmA ke mUla guNa haiM, jinheM jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, antarAya, mohanIya Adi karmoM ne Acchanna kara rakhA hai| AtmA ko Avata kiye rahane vAle ina karmAvaraNoM ke sarvathA apAkaraNa se AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa prakaTa ho jAtA hai| usI parama zuddha, nirAvaraNa Atma-dazA kA nAma mokSa hai, jo parama Anandamaya hai|
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________________ .164 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajo surANA abhinandana grantha : caturtha khaNDa .. .. . .... .. .. .. ...... .... .......... .. ..................... .. .. .. .. ....... AcArya haribhadra kA maulika cintana AcArya haribhadra sUri apane yuga ke mahAn pratibhAzAlI vidvAn the| ve bahuzruta the, samanvayavAdI the, mAdhyasthya vRti ke the| unakI sarva gomukhI pratibhA usa dvArA racita anuyoga catuSka viSayaka dharma-saMgrahaNI (dravyAnuyoga), kSetra samAsa TIkA (gaNitAnuyoga), paMcavastu, dharmabindu (caraNakaraNAnuyoga), samarAiccakahA (dharmakathAnuyoga) anekAntajayapatAkA (nyAyazAstra) tathA bhAratavarSa ke tatkAlIna dArzanika AmnAyoM se sambaddha SaDdarzanasamuccaya Adi kRtiyoM se spaSTa hai| yoga ke sambandha meM jo kucha unhoMne likhA, vaha kevala jaina yoga vAGmaya meM hI nahIM pratyuta AryoM kI yoga viSayaka samagra cintana dhArA meM unakI eka maulika dena hai| jaina zAstroM meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa-krama kA varNana caturdaza guNasthAna tathA bahirAtmA, antarAtmA, paramAtmA, guNa-tAratamya para AdhRta ina Atma-avasthAoM Adi ko lekara kiyA gayA hai / AcArya haribhadra ne usI AdhyAtmika vikAsa krama ko yoga ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAta kiyA / unhoMne vaisA karane meM jisa zailI kI anveSaNA kI, vaha taba taka upalabdha yoga-sAhitya meM anupalabdha thii| unhoMne isa krama ko ATha yogadRSTiyoM ke rUpa meM vibhakta kiyA hai| unhoMne yogadRSTi-samuccaya meM nimnAMkita ATha yogadRSTiyA~ batalAI hai mitrA tArA balA dIprA, sthirA kAntA prabhA parA / nAmAni yoga-dRSTInA, lakSaNaM ca nibodhata // 14 / / ina ATha dRSTiyoM ko AcArya haribhadra ne oghadRSTi aura yogadRSTi ke rUpa meM do bhAgoM meM bA~TA hai / ogha kA artha pravAha hai / pravAhapatita dRSTi oSadRSTi hai / dUsare zabdoM meM anAdi saMsAra pravAha meM grasta aura usI meM rasa lene vAle bhavAbhinandI prakRta janoM kI dRSTi yA laukika padArtha viSayaka sAmAnya darzana oghadRSTi hai| yogadRSTi oghadRSTi kA pratirUpa hai / oghadRSTi jahA~ jAgatika upalabdhiyoM ko abhipreta mAnakara calatI hai, vahA~ yogadaSTi kA prApta kevala bAhya jagat hI nahIM, Antara jagat bhI hai| uttarotara vikAsa-patha para bar3hate-bar3hate antata: kevala Antara jagat hI usakA lakSya raha jAtA hai| bodha-jyoti kI taratamatA kI dRSTi se unhoMne ina ATha dRSTiyoM ko kramaza: tRNa, gomaya va kASTha ke agnikaNoM ke prakAza, dIpaka ke prakAza tathA ratna, tAre, sUrya evaM candramA kI jyoti se upamita kiyA hai, jo nimnAMkita zloka se prakaTa hai-- tRNagomayakASThAgnikaNadIpa prabhopamAH / ratnatArArkacandrAbhA: sadRSTedRSTiraSTadhA / / 15 / / prastuta upamAnoM se jyoti kA vaizadya prakaTa hotA hai| yadyapi ina prArambha kI cAra dRSTiyoM kA guNasthAna prathama (mithyAtva) hai para kramaza: unameM Atma-utkarSa aura mithyAtva-apakarSa bar3hatA jAtA hai| guNasthAna kI zuddhimUlaka prakarSa-parAkASThA-utkarSa kI antima sImA cauthI dRSTi meM prApta hotI hai / arthAt Adi kI cAra dRSTiyoM meM uttarottara mithyAtva kA parimANa ghaTatA jAtA hai aura usake phalasvarUpa udbhUta hote Atma-pariSkAra rUpa guNa kA parimANa bar3hatA jAtA hai| yoM cauthI dRSTi meM mithyAtva kI mAtrA kama se kama aura zuddhimUlaka guNa kI mAtrA adhika se adhika hotI hai arthAt dIpA dRSTi meM kama se kama mithyAtva vAlA U~ce se U~cA guNasthAna hotA hai| isake pazcAt pA~cavIM sthira dRSTi meM mithyAtva kA sarvathA abhAva hotA hai| samyaktva prasphuTita ho jAtA hai| sAdhaka uttarottara vikAsa patha para bar3hatA jAtA hai / antima AThavIM dRSTi meM antima (caturdaza) guNasthAna---Atma-vikAsa kI sarvotkRSTi sthiti ayogi-kevalI ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotI hai| ina uttaravartI cAra dRSTiyoM meM yoga-sAdhanA kA samagra rUpa samAhita ho jAtA hai|
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________________ bhAratIya yoga aura jaina cintana-dhArA ina dRSTiyoM ke paripArzva meM AcArya haribhadra ne yoga sAdhanA kA jo mArmika vizleSaNa kiyA hai, vaha sutarAM mAnanIya eva anuzIlanIya hai / vistAra bhaya se yahA~ sambhava nahIM hai / ATha dRSTiyoM ke rUpa meM nirUpita kramika vikAsa ke atirikta eka dUsare prakAra se bhI AcArya haribhadra ne AtmA ke vikAsa krama ko vyAkhyAta kiyA hai| unhoMne icchA-yoga, zAstra-yoga tathA sAmarthya-yoga ke rUpa meM bar3A sundara vizleSaNa kiyA hai| isakA Azaya isa prakAra hai yoga-tatva ke prati abhimukha honA icchA yoga hai| yaha vikAsa kA prathama sopAna hai| adhyAtma ko jIvana meM DAlane vAle anubhavI yogiyoM ke vacana yA sAkSAt upadeza ke AdhAra se yoga sAdhanA kI preraNA jAgRta honA zAstra 1 yoga hai| hai, yoga hai / anubhavI dvArA mArga-darzana aura apane akhaNDa utsAha tathA puruSArtha dvArA svAdhIna sAmarthya AtmasAt karanA sAmarthya yoga hai| 165 sAmarthya yoga kI dazA prApta kara lene para phira kisI prakAra ke parAvalambana kI AvazyakatA nahIM par3atI / yoga zikA meM yoga kI paribhASA AcArya haribhadra ne apanI prAkRta kRti yogavizikA meM yoga kI paribhASA nimnAMkita zabdoM meM kI haimokkheNa joyaNAo jogo, savvo vi dhammavAvAro / parisuddhovinneo, ThANAigao viseseNa // 1 // saMskRta chAyA mokSeNa yojanAto yogaH sarvo'pi dharmavyApAraH / parizuddho vijJeyaH sthAnAdigato vizeSeNa // AcArya haribhadra kA Azaya yaha hai ki vaha sArA vyApAra-sAdhanA kA upakrama, jo sAdhaka ko mokSa se jor3atA usakA krama ve usI pustaka kI dUsarI gAthA meM isa prakAra dete haiM / ThAnnatvAlaMgaNa rahio taMtammi paMcahA eso / dugamitya kamma jogI, tahA tiyaM nANa jogo // 2 // saMskRta chAyA sthAnorNArthAlambAna-rahitastantreSu paMcadhA eSaH / dvayamatra karmayogastathA trayaM jJAna-yogastu // sthAna, artha, artha, Alambana tathA nirAlambana yoga ke pAMca prakAra haiN| inameM pahale do arthAt svAna aura UrNa kriyA-yoga ke prakAra haiM aura bAkI ke tIna jJAnayoga ke prakAra haiM / sthAna kA artha - Asana, kAyotsarga, UrNa kA artha - AtmA ko yoga kriyA meM jor3ate hue praNava- prabhRti mantrazabdoM kA yathAvidhi uccAraNa, artha dhyAna aura samAdhi Adi ke prArambha meM bole jAne vAle mantra Adi, tatsambaddha zAstra evaM unakI upAsyAe~ Adi meM rahe paramArtha tathA rahasya kA anucintana, Alambana vAhya pratIka kA Alambana lekara dhyAna karanA, nirAlambanamUrta dravya yA bAhya pratIka ke Alambana ke binA nirvikalpa, cinmAna, saccidAnanda svarUpa kA dhyAna karanA /
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________________ . 166 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : caturtha khaNDa ........................................................................... AcArya haribhadra dvArA yogavizikA meM diye gaye isa vizeSa krama ke viSaya meM yaha to kevala saMketa mAtra hai, jisake vizada anuzIlana evaM talasparzI gaveSaNA kI AvazyakatA hai| AcArya hemacandra Adi vidvAnoM kA cintana AcArya hemacandra ne apane yogazAstra meM yoga kI paribhASA karate hue likhA hai caturvarge'graNI mokSo yogastasya ca kAraNam / ___ jJAnazraddhAnacAritra-rUpaM ratnatrayaM ca saH // 1. 15 / / dharma, artha, kAma aura mokSa-ina cAroM puruSArthoM meM mokSa agraNI yA mukhya hai| yoga usakA kAraNa hai / arthAt yoga-sAdhanA dvArA mokSa labhya hai| samyakjJAna, samyakadarzana tathA samyakcAritrarUpa ratnatraya hI yoga hai| ye tInoM jinase sadhate haiM, ve yoga ke aMga haiM / AcArya hemacandra ne apane yogazAtra ke bAraha prakAzoM meM unakA varNana kiyA hai| yogAMga maharSi pataMjali ne yoga ke jo ATha aMga mAne haiM, unake samakakSa jaina-paramparA ke nimnAMkita tattva rakhe jA sakate haiM 1. yama mahAvrata 2. niyama yogasaMgraha 3. Asana sthAna, kAya-kleza prANAyAma bhAva-prANAyAma pratyAhAra pratisaMlInatA dhAraNA dhAraNA 7. dhyAna dhyAna 8. samAdhi samAdhi mahAvratoM ke vahI pA~ca nAma haiM, jo yamoM ke haiN| paripAlana kI taratamatA kI dRSTi se vrata ke do rUpa hote haiM--mahAvrata, aNuvrata / ahiMsA Adi kA nirapavAda rUpa meM sampUrNa paripAlana mahAvrata hai, jinakA anusaraNa sarvavidita zramaNoM ke lie anivArya hai / jaba unhIM kA pAlana kucha sImAoM yA apavAdoM ke sAtha kiyA jAtA hai to ve aNu-apekSAkRta choTe vrata kahe jAte haiN| sthAnAMga (5.1) samavAyAMga (25), Avazyaka, Avazyaka-niyukti Adi aneka Agama granthoM meM inake sambandha meM vivecana prApta hai| AcArya hemacandra ne apane yogazAstra ke prathama, dvitIya tathA tRtIya prakAza meM vratoM kA vistRta varNana kiyA hai / gRhasthoM dvArA Atma-vikAsa hetu paripAlanIya aNuvratoM kA vahA~ bar3A mArmika vizleSaNa kiyA gayA hai / jaisA ki ullekha hai, AcArya hemacandra ne gurjarezvara kumArapAla ke lie yogazAstra kI racanA kI thii| kumArapAla sAdhanAparAyaNa jIvana ke lie ati utsuka thaa| rAjya vyavasthA dekhate hue bhI vaha apane ko Atma-sAdhanA meM lagAye rakha sake, usakI yaha bhAvanA thii| ataeva gRhastha-jIvana meM rahate hue bhI Atma-vikAsa kI ora uttarottara agrasara huA jA sake, isa abhiprAya se hemacandra ne gRhastha-jIvana ko vizeSata: dRSTi meM rakhA / AcArya hemacandra aisA mAnate the ki gArhasthya meM bhI manuSya ucca sAdhanA kara sakatA hai, dhyAna-siddhi prApta kara sakatA hai / unake samakSa uttarAdhyayanasUtra kA vaha Adarza thA, jahA~ "saMti egehi bhikkhUhi gAratthA saMjumuttarA" ina zabdoM meM titikSAparAyaNa, saMyamonmukha gRhasthoM ko kinhIM-kinhIM sAdhuoM se bhI utkRSTa batAyA hai| AcArya zubhacandra aisA nahIM mAnate the| unakA kahanA thA ki buddhimAn-vivekazIla hone para bhI sAdhaka, gRhasthAzrama, jo mahAduHkhoM se
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________________ bharA hai, atyanta nindita hai, meM rahakara pramAda para vijaya nahIM pA sakatA, caMcala mana ko vaza meM nahIM kara sakatA / ataH caitanika prazAnti ke lie satpuruSoM ne gArhasthya kA tyAga hI kiyA hai| itanA hI nahIM, unhoMne aura bhI kaThoratApUrvaka kahA ki kisI deza vizeSa aura samaya vizeSa meM AkAzakusuma kA astitva cAhe mila sake, gardabha ke bhI sIMga dekhe jA sakeM, kintu kisI bhI kAla tathA kisI bhI deza- sthAna meM gRhasthAzrama meM rahate hue dhyAna siddhi adhigata karanA zakya nahIM hai / jJAnArNava ke ve zloka isa prakAra haiM vivecya hai / bhAratIya yoga aura jaina cintana-dhArA na pramAdajayaM kartuM dhIdhanairapi pAryate / mahAvyasanasaMkIrNe, gRhavAse'ti nindite // 4.6 / / zakyate na vazIkartuM gRhibhizvapalaM manaH / na punardezakAle'pi dhyAnasiddhigRhAzrame // 4.17 // AcArya zubhacandra ne jo yaha kahA hai, usake pIche unakA jo tAtvika mantavya hai vaha samIkSAtmaka dRSTi se atazcittazAntyarthaM samastyastA gRhe sthitiH // 4.10 / / khapuNyamaya mRga kharasyApi pratIyate / jJApya hai ki sApavAda aura nirapavAda vrata-paramparA tathA pataMjali dvArA pratipAdita yamoM ke taratamAtmaka rUpa para vizeSataH uhApoha tathA gaveSaNA apekSaNIya hai| pataMjali ne "jAti deza kAla samayAnavacchinnAH sArvabhaumAmahAvratam ( 2.31 ) " yoM nirapekSa yA nirapavAda rUpa meM yamoM ke pAlana ko jo mahAvrata zabda se saMjJita kiyA hai, vaha jaina paramparA meM svIkRta mahAvrata ke sAmalakSya meM hai| yogasUtra ke vyAsa bhASya meM isa sandarbha meM vizada vivecana hai| 167 niyama - yogasaMgraha yamoM ke pazcAt niyama Ate haiM / niyama sAdhaka ke jIvana meM uttarottara pariSkAra lAne ke sAdhana haiM / samavAyAMga sUtra ke battIsaveM samavAya meM yoga-saMgraha ke nAma se battIsa niyamoM kA ullekha hai, jo sAdhaka kI vratasampadA kI vRddhi karate haiM / Acarita azubha karmoM kI AlocanA, kaSTa meM dharma- dRr3hatA, svAvalambI tapa, yaza kI aspRhA, alobha, titikSA, saralatA, pavitratA, samyakadRSTi, vinaya, dhairya, saMvega, mAyA zUnyatA Adi unameM samAviSTa haiM / - - pataMjali dvArA pratipAdita niyama tathA samavAyAMga ke yogasaMgraha paraspara tulanIya haiN| saba meM to nahIM para aneka bAtoM meM inameM sAmaMjasya hai / yoga-saMgraha meM eka hI bAta ko vistAra se aneka zabdoM meM kahA gayA hai| isakA kAraNa hai-- jaina AgamoM meM do prakAra ke adhyetA batAye gaye haiM-saMkSepa ruci aura vistAra ruci / saMkSepa ruci adhyetA bahuta thor3e meM bahuta kucha samajha lenA cAhate haiM aura vistAra ruci adhyetA pratyeka bAta ko vistAra ke sAtha sunanA-samajhanA cAhate haiN| yogasaMgraha ke battIsa bheda isI vistAra - sApekSa sI ke antargata Ate haiN| sthAna kA artha gati kI nivRtti arthAt sthira Asana khar3e baiThe, sote tInoM avasthAoM meM kiye jAte haiM soye hue karane ke haiM / isa dRSTi se Asana zabda kI apekSA sthAna zabda adhika arthasUcaka hai / sthAna hokara kiye jAne vAle svAnAsana Asana prAcIna jaina paramparA meM Asana kI jagaha sthAna kA prayoga huA hai| ovaniryuktibhASya ( 152) meM sthAna ke tIna prakAra batalAye gaye hai- sthAna, nivIdananavAna tathA zayana- svAna rahanA hai| Asana kA zAbdika artha hai baiThanA para ve kucha Asana bar3e hokara karane ke haiM, kucha baiThe hue aura kucha - Ayana kahalAte haiM unake sAdhAraNa, vicAra, sanniruddha, vyutsarga, samavAda, ekapAda tathA gRdmoDDIna ye sAta bheda haiN| niSIdana-sthAna- baiThakara kiye jAne vAle sthAnoM 0 .
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________________ 68 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : caturtha khaNDa -AsanoM ko niSIdana-sthAna kahA jAtA hai / usake aneka prakAra haiM-niSadyA, bIrAsana, padmAsana, utkaTikAsana, godohikA, makaramukha, kukkuTAsana Adi / AcArya hemacandra ne yogazAstra ke caturtha prakAza ke antargata paryakAsana, vIrAsana, vajrAsana, padmAsana, bhadrAsana daNDAsana, utkaTikAsana yA godohAsana tathA kAyotsargAsana kA ullekha kiyA hai| Asana ke sambandha meM AcArya hemacandra ne eka vizeSa bAta kahI hai / ve yogazAstra meM likhate haiM jAyate yena yeneha, vihitena sthiraM manaH / / tattadeva vidhAtavyamAsanaM dhyAnasAdhanam // 4.134 // arthAt-jisa-jisa Asana ke prayoga se sAdhaka kA mana sthira bane, 'usI Asana kA dhyAna ke sAdhana ke rUpa meM upayoga kiyA jAnA caahie| hemacandra ke anusAra amuka AsanoM kA hI prayoga kiyA jAya, amuka kA nahIM, aisA koI nirbandha nahIM hai / pAtaMjala yoga ke antargata tatsambaddha sAhitya-jaise zivasaMhitA, gheraNDasaMhitA, haThayogapradIpikA Adi granthoM meM Asana, bandha, mudrA, SaTkarma, kumbhaka, recaka, pUraka Adi bAhya yogAMgoM kA atyanta vistAra se varNana kiyA gayA hai| kAya-kleza jaina paramparA meM nirjarA ke anazana, UnodarI, bhikSAcarI, rasaparityAga, kAyakleza, pratisaMlInatA, prAyazcitta, vinaya, vaiyAvRtya, svAdhyAya, dhyAna, kAyotsarga-ina bAraha bhedoM meM pA~cavA~ kAya-kleza hai| kAya-kaleza ke antargata aneka daihika sthitiyA~ bhI AtI haiM tathA zIta, tApa Adi ko samabhAva se sahanA bhI isameM sammilita hai| isakA nAma kAyakleza saMbhavataH isalie diyA gayA hai ki daihika dRSTi se jana-sAdhAraNa ke lie yaha klezakara hai| para, Atmarata sAdhaka jo deha ko apanA nahIM mAnatA, jo kSaNa-kSaNa AtmAbhirati meM saMlagna rahatA hai, isameM kaSTa kA anubhava nahIM krtaa| aupapAtika sUtra ke bAhya tapa-prakaraNa meM tathA dazAzrutaskandha sUtra kI saptama dazA meM isa sambandha meM vistRta vivecana hai| prANAyAma jaina AgamoM meM prANAyAma ke sambandha meM vistAra se varNana nahIM miltaa| jaina manISI evaM zAstrakAra isa viSaya meM kucha udAsIna se rahe, aisA anumita hotA hai| saMbhAvya hai, Asana tathA prANAyAma ko unhoMne yoga kA bAhyAMga mAtra mAnA, antaraMga nhiiN| vastutaH vaha haThayoga ke hI mukhya aMga ho gye| lagabhaga chaThI zatAbdI ke pazcAt bhArata meM eka aisA samaya AyA, jaba haThayoga kA atyanta prAdhAnya ho gyaa| vaha kevala sAdhana nahIM rahA, sAdhya taka bana gayA / tabhI to dekhate haiM, gheraNDasaMhitA meM AsanoM ko caurAsI se lekara caurAsI lAkha taka pahu~cA diyaa| haThayoga kI atiraMjita sthiti kA khaNDana karate hue yogavAsiSThakAra ne likhA hai satI su yuktiSvetAsu haThAnniyamayanti ye| cetaste dIpamutsRjye vinidhnanti tamo'janaiH // vimUDhA kartumudhu ktA, ye haThAccetaso jayam / te nibadhnanti nAgendramunmatta visatantumi : // -yogavAsiSTa, upazama prakaraNa, 6.37-38 arthAt isa prakAra kI cintana-mananAtmaka yuktiyoM yA upAyoM ke hote hue bhI jo haThayoga dvArA apane mana ko niyantrita karanA cAhate haiM, ve mAno dIpaka ko chor3akara kAle aMjana se andhakAra ko naSTa karanA cAhate haiM / jo mUr3ha haThayoga dvArA apane citta ko jItane ke lie udyata hai, ve mAno mRNAla-tantu se pAgala hAthI ko bA~dha lenA cAhate haiN|
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________________ bhAratIya yoga aura jaina cintana-dhArA 166 ........................................................................... AcArya hemacandra tathA zubhacandra ne prANAyAma kA jo vistRta varNana kiyA hai, vaha haThayoga-paramparA se prabhAvita pratIta hotA hai| bhAva-prANAyAma kucha vidvAnoM (jaina) ne prANAyAma ko bhAva-prANAyAma ke rUpa meM eka naI zalI se vyAkhyAta kiyA hai| unake anusAra bAhyabhAva kA tyAga recaka, antarbhAva kI pUrNatA pUraka tathA samabhAva meM sthiratA kumbhaka hai| zvAsaprazvAsa-mUlaka abhyAsa-krama ko unhoMne dravya-bAhya prANAyAma kahA / dravya-prANAyAma kI apekSA bhAva-prANAyAma Atma-dRSTyA adhika upayogI hai, aisA unakA abhimata thaa| pratyAhAra maharSi pataMjali ne pratyAhAra kA vizleSaNa karate hue likhA hai svaviSayAsamprayogo cittasvarUpAnukAra ivendriyANAM pratyAhAraH / 2.54. arthAt-apane viSayoM ke sambandha se rahita hone para indriyoM kA citta ke svarUpa meM tadAkAra sA ho jAnA pratyAhAra hai| jaina paramparA meM nirUpita pratisaMlInatA ko pratyAhAra ke samakakSa rakhA jA sakatA hai| pratisaMlInatA jaina vAGmaya kA apanA pAribhASika zabda hai, jisakA Azaya azubha pravRttiyoM se zarIra, indriya tathA mana kA saMkoca karanA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM isakA tAtparya 'sva' ko aprazasta se haTA prazasta kI ora prayANa karanA hai| pratisaMlInatA ke nimnAMkita cAra bheda haiM1. indriya-pratisaMlInatA --indriya-saMyama 2. manaHpratisaMlInatA -mana kA saMyama 3. kaSAya-pratisalInatA -kaSAya-saMyama 4. upakaraNa-pratisaMlInatA --upakaraNa-saMyama sthUla rUpa meM pratyAhAra tathA pratisaMlInatA meM kAphI dUra taka sAmaMjasya pratIta hotA hai| para, donoM ke antaH svarUpa kI sUkSma gaveSaNA apekSita hai, jisase tattadgata tattvoM kA sAmya, sAmIpya athavA pArthakya Adi spaSTa ho skeN| aupapAtika sUtra bAhya tapa adhikAra tathA vyAkhyAprajJaptisUtra (25.7.7) Adi meM pratisaMlInatA ke sambandha meM vivecana hai| niyukti, cUNi tathA TIkA sAhitya meM isakA vistAra hai| dhAraNA, dhyAna, samAdhi dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi yoga ke atyanta mahattvapUrNa aMga haiM / pAtaMjala tathA jaina-donoM yoga-paramparAoM meM ye nAma samAna rUpa meM prApta hote haiN| AcArya haribhadra, hemacandra, zubhacandra, yazovijaya Adi vidvAnoM ne apanI-apanI zailI meM inakA vizleSaNa kiyA hai / dhAraNA ke artha meM 'ekAgramanaHsannivezanA' zabda bhI prayukta huA hai| dhAraNA, dhyAna evaM samAdhi-ina tInoM yogAMgoM kA atyadhika mahattva isalie hai ki sAdhaka yA yogI inhIM ke sahAre daihika bhAva se chUTatA huA uttarottara AtmotkarSa yA AdhyAtmika abhyudaya kI unnata bhUmikA para ArUr3ha hotA jAtA hai| praznavyAkaraNasUtra ke saMvara dvAra tathA vyAkhyA-prajJapti sUtra ke paccIsaveM zataka ke saptama uddezaka Adi aneka Agamika sthaloM meM dhyAna Adi kA vizada vizleSaNa huA hai| pataMjali ne dhAraNA kA lakSaNa karate hue likhA hai "dezabandhazcittasya dhAraNA // "331. AkAza, sUrya, candra Adi deha ke bAharI deza-sthAna haiM tathA hRtkamala, nAbhicakra Adi bhItarI deza haiN| inameM se kisI eka deza meM citta-vRtti lagAnA dhAraNA hai| dhyAna kA lakSaNa unhoMne isa prakAra kiyA hai
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________________ 170 karmayogI bhI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : caturtha khaNDa ___ "tatra pratyayakatAnatA dhyAnam / / "3.2. arthAt dhyeyavastu meM vRtti kI ekatAnatA-usI vastu meM citta kA ekAgra ho jAnA, bIca meM kisI vyavadhAna kA na rahanA dhyAna hai| samAdhi ke sambandha meM unhoMne likhA hai ___ "tadevArthamAtranirbhAsaM svarUpazUnyamiva samAdhiH / / "3. 3. jaba kevala dhyeya mAtra kA hI nirbhAsa yA pratIti ho tathA cita kA apanA svarUpa zUnya jaisA ho jAe, taba vaha dhyAna samAdhi ho jAtA hai / dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi kA pAtaMjala yoga kI dRSTi se yaha saMkSipta paricaya hai| bhASyakAra vyAsa tathA vRttikAra bhoja Adi ne inakA vizada evaM mArmika vivecana kiyA hai|| ___anta: pariSkAra yA AdhyAtmika vizuddhi ke lie jaina sAdhanA meM dhyAna kA bahuta bar3A mahattva rahA hai| antima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra kA anyAnya vizeSaNoM ke sAtha eka vizeSaNa dhyAna-yogI bhI hai| AcArAMga-sUtra ke navam adhyayana meM, jahA~ bhagavAn mahAvIra kI caryA kA varNana hai, vahA~ unakI dhyAnAtmaka sAdhanA kA bhI ullekha hai| vividha AsanoM se, vividha prakAra se, nitAnta asaMga bhAva se unake dhyAna karate rahane ke aneka prasaMga vahA~ vaNita haiM / eka sthAna para likhA hai ki ve solaha dina-rAta ta: satata dhyAnazIla rhe| unakI stavanA meM unheM vahA~ anuttara dhyAna ke ArAdhaka kahA gayA hai tathA zaMkha aura indu kI bhA~ti unakA dhyAna parama zukla batAyA gayA hai| vAstava meM jaina-paramparA kI jaisI sthiti Aja hai, bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samaya meM sarvathA vaisI nahIM thii| Aja lambe upavAsa, anazana Adi para jitanA jora diyA jAtA hai, usakI tulanA meM mAnasika ekAgratA, caitasika vRttiyoM kA niyantraNa, dhyAna, samAdhi Adi gauNa ho gaye haiN| pariNAmataH dhyAna-sambandhI aneka tathyoM tathA vidhAoM kA lopa hI gayA hai| sthAnAMgasUtra sthAna yA adhyayana 4 uddezaka 1, samavAyAMgasUtra samavAya 4, Avazyakaniyukti kAyotsaga adhyayana meM, inake vyAkhyAtmaka vAGamaya meM tathA aura bhI aneka Agama granthoM evaM unake TIkA-sAhitya meM etatsambandhI sAmagrI paryApta mAtrA meM bikharI par3I hai| __ AcArya hemacandra aura zubhacandra ne dhyAtA kI yogyatA evaM dhyeya ke svarUpa kA vivecana karate hue dhyeya ko piNDastha, padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta yoM cAra prakAra kA mAnA hai| unhoMne pAthivI, AgneyI, vAyavI, vAruNI aura tatvabhU ke nAma se piNDastha dhyeya kI pA~ca dhAraNAeM batAI haiM, jinake sambandha meM UhApoha, anuzIlana tathA gaveSaNA kI vizeSa AvazyakatA hai| isI prakAra padastha, rUpastha aura rUpAtIta dhyAna kA bhI unhoMne vistRta vivecana kiyA hai, jinakA sUkSma anuzIlana apekSita hai| AcArya hemacandra ne yogazAstra ke saptama, aSTama, navama, dazama aura ekAdaza prakAza meM dhyAna kA vizada vivecana kiyA hai| dharma-dhyAna aura zukla-dhyAna jo Atma-nirmalatA ke hetu haiM, kA ukta AcAryoM (haribhadra, hemacandra, zubhacandra) ne apane granthoM meM savistAra varNana kiyA hai| ye donoM (dhyAna) AtmalakSI haiN| zukladhyAna viziSTa jJAnI sAdhakoM ke sadhatA hai| vaha antaHsthairya yA Atma-sthiratA ke parAkASThatva kI dazA meM hai| dharma-dhyAna usase pahale kI sthiti hai| vaha zubha-mUlaka hai| jaina paramparA meM azubha, zubha aura zuddha-ina tIna zabdoM kA vizeSa rUpa se vyavahAra huA hai| azubha pApamUlaka, zubha puNyamUlaka tathA zuddha pApa-puNya se atIta nirAvaraNAtmaka dazA hai| tattvArtha sUtra meM dharmadhyAna ke cAra bheda batalAye haiM AjJApAyavipAkasaMsthAnavicayAya dharmamapramattasaMyatasya // 6. 37. arthAt-AjJA-vicaya, apAya-vicaya, vipAka-vicaya tathA saMsthAna-vicaya-dharmadhyAna ke ye cAra bheda haiN| sthAnAMga samavAyAMga, Avazyaka Adi arddhamAgadhI AgamoM meM vikIrNa rUpa meM inakA vivecana prApta hotA hai /
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________________ bhAratIya yoga aura jaina cintana-vArA 171 ..................... AjJA, apAya, vipAka tathA saMsthAna-ye dhyeya haiN| jaise- sthUla yA sUkSma Alambana para citta ekAgra kiyA jAtA hai, vaise hI ina dhyeya viSayoM yA bhAvoM para citta ko ekAgra kiyA jAtA hai| inake cintana se cita kI zuddhi hotI hai, citta nirodha-dazA kI ora agrasara hotA hai, isalie inakA cintana dharmadhyAna kahalAtA hai| dharma-dhyAna cittazuddhi yA citta-nirodha kA prArambhika abhyAsa hai| zukla-dhyAna meM vaha abhyAsa paripakva ho jAtA hai| mana sahaja hI caMcala hai| viSayoM kA Alambana pAkara vaha caMcalatA bar3hatI jAtI hai| dhyAna kA kArya usa caMcala evaM bhramaNazIla mana ko zeSa viSayoM se haTA, kisI eka viSaya para sthira kara denA hai| jyoM-jyoM sthiratA bar3hatI hai, mana zAnta aura niSprakampa hotA jAtA hai| zukla-dhyAna ke antima caraNa meM mana kI pravRtti kA pUrNa nirodha-pUrNa saMvara ho jAtA hai arthAt samAdhi avasthA prApta ho jAtI hai / AcArya umAsvAti ne zukladhyAna ke cAra bheda batalAye haiM pRthaktvaikatvavitarkasUkSmakriyApratipAtivyuparatakriyAnivRttIni / 6. 41 / / pRthaktvavitarkasavicAra, ekatvavitarkaavicAra, sUkSmakriyApratipAti tathA vyuparatakriyAnivRtti / AcArya hemacandra ne zukla-dhyAna ke svAmI, zukla-dhyAna kA krama, phala, zukla-dhyAna dvArA ghAti karmoM kA apacaya-kSaya Adi aneka viSayoM kA vizada vizleSaNa kiyA, jo mananIya hai| jaina paramparA ke anusAra vitarka kA artha zrutAvalambI vikalpa hai| pUrvadhara-viziSTa jJAnI muni pUrvazrutaviziSTa jJAna ke anusAra kisI eka dravya kA Alambana lekara dhyAna karatA hai, kintu usake kisI eka pariNAma yA paryAya (kSaNa-kSaNavartI avasthA vizeSa) para sthira nahIM rhtaa| vaha usake vividha pariNAmoM para saMcaraNa karatA hai-- zabda se athaM para, artha se zabda para tathA mana, vANI evaM deha meM eka dUsare kI prakRti para saMkramaNa karatA hai, aneka apekSAo se vicaraNa karatA hai| aisA karanA pRthaktvavitarka zukla-dhyAna hai| zabda, artha, mana, vAk tathA deha para saMkramaNa hote rahane para bhI dhyeya dravya eka hI hotA hai, ata: usa aMza meM mana kI sthiratA banI rahatI hai| isa apekSA se use dhyAna kahane meM Apatti nahIM aatii| maharSi pataMjali ne yogasUtra meM savitarka-samApatti (samAdhi) kA jo varNana kiyA hai, vaha pRthaktva-vitarkasavicAra zukladhyAna se tulanIya hai / yogasUtra meM vitarka samApatti kA vivecana isa prakAra hai tatra zabdArthajJAnavikalpaH saMkIrNA savitarkA samApattiH // 1.42. arthAt-zabda, artha aura jJAna-ina tInoM ke vikalpoM se saMkIrNa-sammilita samApatti-samAdhi savitakasamApatti hai| jaina evaM pAtaMjala yoga se sambaddha ina donoM vidhAoM kI gaharAI meM jAne se aneka dArzanika tathyoM kA prAkaTya saMbhAvya hai| pUrvadhara-viziSTa jJAnI pUrvazrata-viziSTa jJAna ke kisI eka pariNAma para citta ko sthira karatA hai| vaha zabda, artha, mana, vAk tathA deha para saMkramaNa nahIM krtaa| vaisA dhyAna ekatva-vitarka-avicAra kI saMjJA se abhihita hai| pahale meM pRthaktva hai ataH vaha savicAra hai, dUsare meM ekatva hai, isa apekSA se usakI avicAra saMjJA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM yoM kahA jA sakatA hai ki pahale meM vaicArika saMkrama haiM, dUsare meM asaMkrama / AcArya hemacandra ne unheM apane yogazAstra meM pRthaktva-zruta-savicAra tathA ekatva-zruta-avicAra saMjJA se abhihita kiyA hai / jaise jJeyaM nAnAtvazrutavicAramaikyazrutAvicAraM ca / sUkSmakriyamutsannakriyamiti bhedaizcaturdhA tat // 11.5.
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________________ 172 karmayogI zrI kesarImalajI surANA abhinandana grantha : caturtha khaNDa maharSi pataMjali dvArA varNita nivitarka-samApatti ekatva-vitarka-avicAra se tulanIya hai| pataMjali likhate haiM--- smRtiparizuddhau svarUpazUnyamevArthamAtranirbhAsA nirvitarkA / / 1.43. jaba smRti parizuddha ho jAtI hai arthAt zabda aura pratIti kI smRti lupta ho jAtI hai, cittavRtti kevala arthamAtra kA---dhyeyamAtra kA nirbhAsa karAne vAlI-dhyeya mAtra ke svarUpa ko pratyakSa karAne vAlI ho, svayaM svarUpa zUnya kI taraha bana jAtI hai, taba vaisI sthiti nirvitarkA samApatti se saMjJita hotI hai| yaha vivecana sthUla dhyeya padArthoM kI dRSTi se hai| jahA~ dhyeya padArtha sUkSma hoM, vahA~ ukta donoM kI saMjJA savicAra aura nirvicAra samAdhi hai, aisA pataMjali kahate haiM-jaise etayaiva savicArA nirvicArA ca sUkSmaviSayA vyAkhyAtA / 1.44. nirvicAra samAdhi meM atyanta vaizadya-nailya rahatA hai| ata: yogI usameM adhyAtma-prasAda-Atma-ullAsa prApta karatA hai| usa samaya yogI kI prajJA RtambharA hotI hai| Rtam kA artha satya hai / vaha prajJA yA buddhi satya kA grahaNa karane vAlI hotI hai| usameM saMzaya aura bhrama kA leza bhI nahIM rhtaa| usa RtambharA prajJA se utpanna saMskAroM ke prabhAva se anya saMskAroM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| antataH RtambharA prajJA se janita saMskAroM meM bhI Asakti na rahane ke kAraNa unakA bhI nirodha ho jAtA hai| yoM samasta saMskAra niruddha ho jAte haiN| phalata: saMsAra ke bIja kA sarvathA abhAva ho jAne se nirbIja-samAdhi-dazA prApta hotI hai| isa sambandha meM jaina dRSTikoNa kucha bhinna hai / jaina-darzana ke anusAra AtmA para jo karmAvaraNa chAye hue haiM, unhIM ke kAraNa usakA zuddha svarUpa AvRta hai| jyoM-jyoM una AvaraNoM kA vilaya hotA jAtA hai, AtmA kI vaibhAvika dazA chUTatI jAtI hai aura vaha svAbhAvika dazA prApta karatI jAtI hai| AvaraNoM ke apacaya yA nAza ke jaina darzana meM tIna krama haiM-kSaya, upazama tathA kSayopazama / kisI kArmika AvaraNa kA sarvathA naSTa yA nirmUla ho jAnA kSaya, avadhi vizeSa ke lie miTa jAnA yA zAnta ho jAnA upazama tathA karma ko katipaya prakRtiyoM kA sarvathA kSINa ho jAnA tathA katipaya prakRtiyoM kA avadhi vizeSa ke lie zAnta ho jAnA kSayopazama kahA jAtA hai| karmoM ke upazama se jo samAdhi-avasthA prApta hotI hai, vaha sabIja hai; kyoMki vahA~ karma-bIja kA sarvathA uccheda nahIM hotA, kevala upazama hotA hai| kArmika AvaraNoM ke sampUrNa kSaya se jo samAdhi-avasthA prApta hotI hai, vaha nirbIja hai; kyoMki vahA~ karmabIja paripUrNarUpeNa dagdha ho jAtA hai| karmoM ke upazana se prApta unnata dazA phira apanasa dazA meM parivartita ho sakatI hai, para karma-kSaya se prApta unnata dazA meM aisA nahIM hotA / pAtaMjala yoga tathA jaina darzana ke prastuta pahalU para gaharAI tathA sUkSmatA se vicAra karane kI apekSA hai| kAyotsarga __ kAyotsarga jaina darzana kA pAribhASika zabda hai| isakA dhyAna ke sAtha vizeSa sambandha hai| kAyotsarga kA zAbdika artha hai-zarIra kA tyAga-visarjana / para jIte-jI zarIra kA tyAga kaise saMbhava hai ? yahA~ zarIra ke utsarga kA artha hai zarIra kI caMcalatA kA visarjana-zarIra kA zithilIkaraNa, zArIrika mamatva kA visarjana-zarIra merA hai, isa mamatvabhAva kA visarjana / mamatva aura pravRtti mana aura deha meM tanAva utpanna karate haiN| tanAva kI sthiti meM dhyAna kaise saMbhAvya hai ? ataH mana ko zAnta va sthira karane ke lie zarIra ko zithila karanA bahuta Avazyaka hai / zarIra utanA zithila honA cAhie, jitanA kiyA jA ske| zithilIkaraNa ke samaya mana pUrA khAlI rahe, koI cintana na ho, japa bhI na ho| yaha na ho sake to o3m Adi kA aisA svara-pravAha ho ki bI va meM koI anya vikala A hI na sake / uttarAdhyayana sUtra, Avazyaka niyukti, dazakAlikacUNi Adi meM vikIrNa rUpa meM etatsambandhI sAmagrI prApya hai| amitagati zrAvakAcAra tathA mUlAcAra meM kAyotsarga ke prakAra, kAla-mAna Adi para vistRta prakAza DAlA gayA hai|
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________________ bhAratIya yoga aura jaina cintana-dhArA 173 -.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.-.. amitagati zrAvakAcAra meM kAyotsarga ke kAlamAna meM ucchvAsoM kA eka vizeSa prakAra diyA gayA hai, jo mananIya hai / vaha isa prakAra hai aSTottarazatocchvAsaH, kAyotsargaH pratikrame / sAndhyo prAbhAtike vArdha-manyastatsaptaviMzatiH / saptaviMzatirucchvAsAH saMsAronmUlanakSame / santi paMcanamaskAre, navadhA cintite sati // 6. 68-66. pratimAeM kAyotsarga ke prasaMga meM jaina AgamoM meM vizeSa pratimAoM kA ullekha hai| pratimA abhyAsa kI eka vizeSa dazA hai / bhadrA pratimA, mahAbhadrA pratimA, sarvatobhadra pratimA, mahApratimA Adi meM-kAyotsarga kI vizeSa dazAoM meM sthita hokara bhagavAn mahAvIra dhyAna karate rahe the, aisA una-una Agamika sthaloM meM saMketa hai, jo mahAvIra kI sAdhanA ke itivRtta se sambaddha haiN| sthAnAMgasUtra meM subhadrA-pratimA kA ullekha hai| inake atirikta samAdhi-pratimA, upadhAna-pratimA, viveka pratimA, vyutsarga pratimA, kSulli kAmoda-pratimA, yavamadhyapratimA, vajramadhyapratimA Adi kI Agama vAGmaya meM carcAe~ haiM / para inake svarUpa tathA sAdhanA ke sambandha meM vizeSa kucha prApta nahIM hai / anumAna hai, yaha paramparA lupta hogaI / yaha nizcaya hI eka gaveSaNIya viSaya hai / Alambana : anuprekSA : bhAvanA dhyAna ko paripuSTa karane ke lie jaina AgamoM meM unake Alambana anuprekSA Adi para bhI vicAra kiyA gayA hai| AcArya hemacandra ne apane yogazAstra meM inakI vizeSa carcA kI hai| udAharaNArtha, unhoMne maitrI, pramoda, karuNA tathA mAdhyasthya ko dharma-dhyAna kA poSaka kahA hai| jaise maitrI-pramoda-kAruNya-mAdhyasthyAni niyojayet / dharmadhyAnamupaskatu taddhi tasya rasAyanam / / 4.117. dhyAna ke lie apekSita nirdvandvatA ke lie jaina sAhitya meM dvAdaza bhAvanAoM kA varNana hai| AcArya hemacandra, zubhacandra Adi ne bhI inakA vivecana kiyA hai| ve bhAvanAe~ nimnAMkita haiM anitya, azaraNa, bhava, ekatva, anyatva, azauca, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, dharma, loka tathA bodhi-durlabhatA--ina bhAvanAoM ke vizeSa abhyAsa kA jaina-paramparA meM eka manovaijJAnikatA-pUrNa vyavasthita krama rahA hai, aisA pratIta hotA hai / mAnasika AvegoM, tanAvoM ko kSINa karane ke lie niHsandeha bhAvanAoM ke abhyAsa kA bar3A mahattva hai| Alambana, anuprekSA, bhAvanA Adi kA jo vistRta vivecana jaina (yoga ke) AcAryoM ne kiyA hai, usake pIche vizeSataH yaha Azaya rahA hai ki cittavRttiyoM ke pariSkAra, parizodhana va nirodha ke lie apekSita nirmalatA, RjutA, sAttvikatA evaM ujjvalatA kA antarmana meM udbhava ho ske| anubhUti AcArya hemacandra ke yoga-zAstra kA antima prakAza anubhava para AdhRta hai| usakA prArambha karate hue ve likhate haiM zrutasindhorgurumukhato yadadhigataM tadiha zitaM samyak / anubhavasiddhamidAnI prakAzyate tattvamidamamalam / / 12.1. zAstra samudra se tathA gurumukha se jo maiMne prApta kiyA, vaha pichale prakAzoM (adhyAyoM) meM maiMne bhalI-bhAMti vyAkhyAta kara hI diyA hai / aba jo mujhe anubhava se prApta hai, vaha nirmala tattva prakAzita kara rahA huuN| - 0