Bharatiya Darshanoma Mokshavichr

Author(s): Nagin J Shah
Publisher: Z_Aspect_of_Jainology_Part_2_Pundit_Bechardas_Doshi_012016.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/230185/1

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bhAratIya darzanamAM mekSApacAra nagIna jI. zAha prAstAvika mokSa eTale mukti. konI? pitAnI-AtmAnI. zemAMthI ? duHkhamAMthI. pitAnI arthAt AtmAnI dukhamAMthI mukti eTale mokSa. AmAM nIcenI bAbatone pUrvasvIkAra jarUrI che: (1) pitAnuM arthAta AtmAnuM astitva che. (2) pitAne arthAt AtmAne duHkha che. (3) duHkhanAM kAraNe che. (4) duHkhanAM kAraNene dUra karavAnA upAyo che. (5) duHkhamukti zakya che. AmAM bhagavAna buddhanA cAra Aryasatyanora ane gadarzananA caturvyUhane 3 samAveza che. A duHkhamukti thoDA vakhata pUratI nathI paraMtu sadAne mATe che. eka vAra duHkhamAMthI mukta thayA eTale pharI kadI duHkha paDavAnuM ja nahi. badhA prakAranAM duHkhomAMthI haMmeza mATenI muktine darzanazAstramAM mokSa kahevAmAM Ave che. AtyaMtika duHkhamukti mokSa che. pagamAM kAMTe vAgye tethI pIDA thaI - duHkha thayuM. kAMTo kADhI nAkhavAmAM Avyo, kAMTAnI pIDAmAMthI mukti thaI. paraMtu pharI kAMTo vAgavAno saMbhava dUra thayo nathI. vaLI, kAMTAnI pIDA dUra thavA chatAM gumaDA vagerenI bIjI pIDA rahI hevAne saMbhava che ja. eTale kAMTAnI pIDAmAMthI muktine AtyaMtika du:khamukti na kahevAya.' du:kha kone che ? AtmAne. duHkha zarIra, mana ke Indriya anubhavatAM nathI paNa temanA dvArA bIjuM koI anubhave che. ane te che AtmA. A AtmA zuM che ane tenuM svarUpa kevuM che e ApaNe jANuM laIe te mokSanA svarUpane samajavuM saraLa thaI jaze. ahIM cArvAka, prAcIna sAMkhya, jaina, bauddha, uttarakAlIna sAMkhyayoga, nyAyavazeSika, zAMkara vedAnta - ATalAM dazanone AmA vize ze mata che te saMkSepamAM jaI jaIe. AtmA cArvAkaH (acittAta) cA ke kevaLa acitta tattvane ja mAne che. pRthvI Adi bhUtonA viziSTa saMyojanane pariNAme jJAnadharma saMyojanamAM AvirbhAva pAme che. bhUtonuM A viziSTa saMyojana ja AtmA che. AtmA keI svataMtra tatva nathI. saMyojananuM vighaTana thatAM saMjanano nAza thAya che, arthAta AtmAne atyaMta uccheda thAya che. Ama ahIM jJAna e acittane ja dharma che. A acitta tatva pariNamanazIla che. prAcIna sAMkhya, jaina ane bauddhaH (citta-acitta dvata) cArvAka matanI viruddha prAcIna sAMkhya (vIsa tattvamAM mAnanAra sAMkhya), jaina ane bauddha evuM pratipAdana karyuM ke jJAnadharma e bhautika dharmothI bhinna zreNine che, ane tethI bhautika dharmo dharAvanAra acitta tattvane te dharma heI zake nahi. tene mATe acitta tavathI taddana UlaTuM svataMtra citta tattva savIkAravuM joIe. acitta tattvanI jema A citta tatva paNa pariNamanazIla che. tethI citta ane acittane saMyoga- viga thAya che.

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nagIna jI. zAha 59 uttarakAlIna sAMkhya : (Atma-anAma dvata) uttarakAlIna sAMkhe citta-acittanA hetanA sthAne Atma-anAtmanA hetanI sthApanA karI. teNe cittathI uparavaTa puruSa yA AmA nAmanuM tattva svIkAryuM. tenA svIkArane nyApya TheravavA darzana' nAmanA dharmanuM pratipAdana teNe karyuM. teNe kahyuM ke jJAna e cittano dharma che jyAre darzana e puruSane dharma che. citta jJAtA che jyAre puruSa draSTA che. A navA svIkArelA puruSane teNe pariNamanazIla na mAnatAM phUTasthanitya mA. Ama pariNAma ane phUTasthanityanuM keMta UbhuM thayuM. phUTasthanitya AtmAne pariNAmI citta-acitta sAthe sAro saMyoga-viyoga ghaTato na hoI biMba-pratibiMba saMbaMdhanI bhASA bolAvI zarU thaI. 10 jaino ane bauddhoe citta uparavaTa puruSa yA Atmata nA svIkArano virodha karyo ane jAhera karyuM ke sAMkhe svIkArela dazanadharmane ame svIkArIe chIe paraMtu te cittane ja dharma che. citta kevaLa jJAtA nathI paNa jJAtA ane draSTA baMneya che, eTale citta uparavaTa puruSa yA AtmAne svIkAravAnI koI jarUra nathI.' nyAya-vaizeSika: (Atma-anAtma dvata) nyAya-vaizeSika dArzanikee uttarakAlIna sAMkhyanA phUTasthanitya puruSa yA AtmAne svIkAryo. paraMtu uttarakAlIna sAMpe prakRti aMtargata citta ane acitta baMneno svIkAra karelo jyAre nyAyavazeSike cittane taddana asvIkAra karyo. bauddhoe ane jaine e puruSane na svIkArI tene dharma darzana citamAM mAnyo jyAre nyAya-vaizeSikee cittane na svIkArI teno dharma jJAnI puruSamAM arthAt AtmAmAM nAkhyA. 12 have A jJAna dharma pariNAmI heI, kUTanitya AtmAmAM pari mIpaNuM AvatuM aTakAvavA kaI rasto kADhavAnuM temane mATe atyaMta Avazyaka hatuM. temaNe kahyuM ke jJAna guNa che ane AmA dravya che, ane dravya ane guNa vacce atyaMta bheda che.13 jJAna e AtmAno svabhAva nathI. te to zarIrAvachanna Atma-manaHsanika rUpa nimitakAraNathI AtmAmAM utpanna thaI samavAya saMbaMdha dvArA temAM rahe che.14 have ahIM prazna thAya ke puruSa yA AtmAnA dharma darzana aMge nyAya-vaizeSike zuM kahe che ? AtmAnA dharma darzana bAbata kyAMya kazI vAta teoe karI nathI. kadAca te ja temane mate AtmAnuM svarUpa hoya ane ema hoya te, jJAna AtmAne guNa ane darzana AtmAnuM svarUpa gaNAya. pariNAme darzanane AtmA kadI ne cheDe. sAMkhyanA cittane dharma ekala jJAna ja nathI paNa sukha, duHkha, icchA, TheSa vagere bIjA ghaNA dharmo tenA che. A badhA dharmone citta na svIkAranAra nyAya-vaizeSikee AtmAnA guNa gaNyA che. 15 zAMkara vedAnta (AtmA) zAMkara vedAnta citta ane acitta baMnene asvIkAra karyo che. nyAcavaizeSikoe cittane na svIkAravA chatAM cittanA dhamene svIkArI temane puruSanA gaNyA paraMtu zAMkara vedAntIe to te citanA dharmone paNa svIkAryA nathI. acitta, citta, cittadharmo badhuM ja mithyA che. kevaLa puruSa ja satya che. Ama hoya to cittano dharma jJAna e puruSamAM teo svIkAre ja nahi. kevaLa darzana ja puruSamAM hoya, jJAna nahi. puruSa jJAnasvarUpa nahi paNa daryAnasvarUpa ja manAya. zithilapaNe darzananA arthamAM "jJAna" zabdanA prayoga bhale thato jovA maLe.

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bhAratIya darzanemAM mekSavicAra Ama jene ane bauddhone mate pariNamanazIla citta ja AtmA che jyAre uttarakAlIna sAMkhya, nyAya-vaizeSika ane vedAntanA mate phUTasthanitya puruSa AtmA che. darekane pitAne duHkhano anubhava che. duHkha trividha che-AdhyAtmika (mAnasika), Adhibhautika (zarIranI aMdarathI rogane lIdhe udbhavatAM dukhe) ane Adhidaivika (bIjA cha dvArA apAtAM zArIrika duHkho ).16 viSayane bhagavatI vakhate lAgatuM sukha paNa pariNAme duHkha che. sukhabhegakALe viSayanA nAzanA bhaye cittamAM duHkha bIjarUpe hoya che. mArA priya viSayo chInavAI jaze, nAza pAmaze evuM manamAM rahyA kare che. viSayanA bhoganA sukhAnubhavanA saMskAra bhaviSyamAM navA bheganI pRhA janmAvI duHkhanuM viSacakra cAlu rAkhe che. Ama viSayomAM pariNAma du:khatA, tApadu:khatA ane saMskAraduHkhatA che. tethI ja bhagavAna buddhe kahyuM ke "sarva du ". pitAnA svabhAva upara AvaraNe AvI javAM e paNa du:kha che. a95tA du:kha che. janmamaraNa paNa du:kha che. duHkhanAM kAraNe pitAnI jAtanuM, potAnA kharA svarUpanuM ajJAna e duHkhanuM mULa kAraNa che.18 A ajJAnane kAraNe ApaNe rAga-dveSa karIe chIe. ane rAga-dveSa duHkha pedA kare che. ajJAna, rAga, dveSa A kalezo che. rAga-dveSapUrvaka karAtI pravRttithI AtmA (ke citta) karma bAMdhe che.18 sAMkhya-yoga, jaina te A karmane sahamAtisUkSama bhautika dravya gaNe che, je AtmAnI (ke cittanI) upara AvaraNa racI tenA jJAna Adi guNane DhAMkI de che. bauddho paNa karmane AvA bhautika dravyarUpa mAnatA heya e saMbhava che.* A karmonuM AvaraNa duHkharUpa che. kalezane paNa AvaraNa mAnavAmAM AvyAM che. Asakita, kAma, krodha, vagere svabhAvane kevo DhAMkI de che tenI vAta "ghAyaro viSacana pula...lekamAM gItAe kayAM nathI karI ? duHkhanAM kAraNene dUra karavAnA upAya duHkhanAM kAraNone dUra karavA mATe sauprathama to potAnA kharA svarUpanuM jJAna meLavavuM joIe. Ane mATe cittazuddhi jarUrI che. cittamAMthI maLe dUra karavA maMtrI, karuNA, muditA ane upekSA (mAdhyaya) bhAvanA keLavavI joIe. vaLI, ahiMsA Adi pAMca yama ane zauca Adi pAMca niyamanuM pAlana karavuM joIe. pachI dhyAnamArganI sAdhanA dvArA cittanI vRttione nirodha karavo joIe. cittavRttiono nirodha thatAM pitAnA kharA svarUpane sAkSAtkAra thAya che. jeTalAM kaleze ochAM eTaluM duHkha e chuM. kalezapUrvaka karAtI pravRtti ja karmAvaraNa racatI hoI kleza dUra thatAM karmAvaraNe saMpUrNapaNe dUra thAya che ane citta potAnA zuddha svarUpamAM pragaTa thAya che, duHkhamAMthI mukta thAya che. mokSa zakaya che? duHkhamukti-mokSa zakya che. keTalAka mokSane azakaya mAne che. temanI dalIle nIce pramANe che: (1) vyakti janme che tyAre kaleze sAthe ja janme che ane mare che tyAre paNa kaleza

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nagIna jI. zAha sAthe ja mare che. kalezasaMtati svAbhAvika che, anAdi che, eTale tene ucacheda zakaya nathI. kalezonI saMkhalA atyaMta prabaLa ane ave che. 22 (2) vyakti janmathI mAMDI mRtyu sudhI pravRttio karyA ja kare che. pravRttithI karmabaMdha thAya che. baMdhAyelAM karmo bhogavavA pravRtti thAya che. vaLI te pravRttithI karmabaMdha ane baMdhAyelAM karma bhegavavA vaLI pravRtti. Ama cakra cAlyA ja kare che, eTale mokSa zakaca nathI. (3) mokSanuM sAkSAta kAraNuM svasvarUpanuM jJAna arthAta vidyA che. A vidyAnI utpatti mATe upAya samAdhi che. paraMtu samAdhi pote ja azakya che kAraNa ke viSaye atyanta prabaLa che; icachI na karavA chatAM viSayo to vRttio utapanna kare che ane cittane ekAgra thavA detA nathI. vaLI, Adhi, vyAdhi ane upAdhine laIne citta ekAgra thaI zakatuM nathI. 25 (4) je mokSa saMbhavato hoya to eka samaya eve Ave jyAre badhA mukta thaI jAya ane saMsArane uccheda thaI jAya. mokSanI saMbhAvanA svIkAratAM saMsArachedanI Apatti Ave. tethI mekSa saMbhavato nathI. uparanI cAreya dalIlonA uttare nIce pramANe che. (1) kalezono ucheda zakya che e suSuptinA daSTAntathI samajAya che. kalezo zAntinI avasthA suSupti e lezakSacanI avasthAnI saMbhavitatA sUcave che. 27 kalezo savAbhAvika nathI paNa temanuM kAraNa che. temanuM kAraNa ajJAna che.28 rAga vagerene nAza temanI prati pakSa maitrI Adi bhAvanAothI thaI zake che. 29 (2) kalezarahita vyaktinI pravRtti karmabaMdhanuM kAraNa nathI.30 (3) vikSepa samAdhino bhaMga na karI zake te mATeno upAya cheabhyAsa. 1 (4) mokSa zakya hevA chatAM saMsa rocacheda thavAno nathI kAraNa ke saMsArI jIvo anaMta che. mATe AtyaMtika du:khamukti zakya che e niHzaMka che. 32 trAkSa jenone mate mokSa : anAdi kALathI kalezayukta (kaSAyayukta) pravRttione kAraNe cittane lAgatAM rahelAM karmonAM Avara, kalezono saMpUrNa kSaya thatAM jyAre saMpUrNa paNe dUra thAya che tyAre jIvane mokSa thayo kahevAya che. jenone mate citta ja AtmA che, te pariNAma che. mekSamAM paNa te pariNamI ja rahe che ane zuddha pariNAmone pravAha cAlyA kare che. zuddha citta anaMta jJAna ane anaMta darzana dharAve che kAraNa ke jJAnAvaraNIya karmo ane darzanAvaraNIya karmone kSaya thaI gayo hoya che. sukha ane du:khanA kAraNabhUta vedatIyakamano kSaya thaI gayo hoI sukhadu:khathI para te banI jAya che. Ane parama AnandanI avasthA gaNavAmAM Ave che. darzana mohanIya karmane kSaya thayo heI cittane kSAyika samyapha darzana heya che. cAritryamahanIya karmano kSaya thayo hoI krodha, mAna, mAyA ane lobha A cAra kaSAyone AvirbhAva mokSamAM zakaya nathI. tema ja hAsya, rati, arati, zAka, bhaya, jugupsA vagere nokaSAyone AvirbhAva paNa temAM zakya nathI. antarAya karmanA kSayanA kAraNe AtmA mokSamAM pUrNa vIrya dharAve che. nAmakarmanA, gotrakarmanA ane A yukamane kSayane kAraNe

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kara bhAratIya dazAmAM meAvicAra vyaktitvanA, UM ca-nIca gAtrane ane AyuSyatA abhAva hAya che, arthAt mAkSanI sthitimAM te azarIrI hAya che.33 mAkSa thatAM jIva tyAM jAya che? A praznanA uttaramAM jaina jaNAve che ke karmAM dUra thatAM jIva Urdhvagati kare che ane sIdhA eka kSaNamAM te leAkanA agrabhAge paheAMcI tyAM Avela siddhazilA upara sthira thAya che.34 jo zuddha citto badhAM ja anantajJAnI, anaMtadazI, anaMtacAritrI ane anaMtavIryavAna hoya teA temanI vacce bhedra zA ? kaMI ja nahi. badhAM ekasarakhAM heAya che. paraMtu jaMtAe ahIM mAkSamAM paNa darekanuM jIduM vyaktitva sthApavA prayatna karyA che ane jaNAvyuM che ke aMtima janmamAM dehapAta vakhate je zarIrAkAra heAya tevA AkAra meAkSAvasthAmAM paNa tene hoya che.35 A jaina mAnyatA kaMIka vicitra lAge che. meAkSanA upAya tarIke jaineA savara ane nija rAne gaNAve che, saMvaranA artha che karmane AvatAM aTakAvavAM ane nija rAnA artha che lAgelAM karmone dUra karavAM. karmAne AvatAM aTakAvavA mATe mana, vacana, kAyAnI pravRttine saMyama (gupti), pravRtti karavAmAM viveka rAkhavA ( samiti ), sahanazIlatA, samatA, kSamA, tyAga, pApavirati, anuprekSA, tapa vagere upAyA jaNAvAyA che.36 karmAMte dUra karavA mATe tapa Avazyaka che. bIjI rIte, jaineA samyak darzana, samyak jJAna ane samyak cAritrane mekSanA upAya gaNe che." meAkSa mATe traNeya jarUrI che. samyak dana e tattva tarapha pakSapAta che, satya taraphanA pakSapAta che. samyak darzInane pariNAme, je kaMI jJAna hoya che te samyakU banI jAya che, kAraNa ke have te meAkSa prApti mATe upayogI bane che ane kukarmAthI pAchA vALe che. 68 jainAe karmAnA e bheda karyA che - irSyApathika ane sAMparAyika. iryApathika karyAM te che je kaSAyarahita pravRttine kAraNe AtmAne lAge che, ane sAMparAyika karmo te che je kAyayukta pravRttine kAraNe AtmAne lAge che. paryApathika karyAM kharekhara AtmA sAthe moMdhAtA nathI, khaMdha nAmanA ja heAya che, tenuM kaMI phaLa nathI.39 A darzAve che ke pravRtti cheDavA karatAM kaSAyeA cheDavA upara vizeSa bhAra Apavo ucita che. jenAmAM kAcA nathI tema chatAM je pravRtti kare che tene jaita paribhASAmAM sAgI kevalI kahevAmAM Ave che. tene jIvanmukta gaNI zakAya. je kalezA uparAMta kathI ane pravRttithI paNa mukta bane che tene yAgI devalI kahevAmAM Ave che. Ane videhamukta gaNI zakAya. bauddhane mate mekSa : bauddha ' mate citta ja AtmA che. citta svabhAvathI prabhAsvara che. jJAna ane dana teneA svabhAva che. rAga-dreSa Adi maLe Agantuka che.40 A AgaMtuka mA anAdi kALathI cittapravAha sAthe seLabheLa thaI gayA che. temane dUra karI cittane tenA mULa svabhAvamAM lAvavA buddhane upadeza che. maLA dUra thatAM cittanuM svasvabhAvamAM AvavuM te ja meAkSa che.41 'muttinarmarutASiya:'(42 bauddho meAkSane mATe 'nirvANu'zabdanA prayAga kare che. bauddha meAkSate vize kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke pa-venA--saMjJA-saMhAra-vijJAnavazrva nirAdhAt amAvo mokSa:43 Ama paMcaskandhAbhAva e meAkSa che. rUpakandha dehavAcI che. tene vyApaka a che

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nagIna jI. zAha bhUta-bhautika padArtho. vijJAna sakaMdha e nirvicAra ane pariNAme kevaLa anubhavAtmaka evuM viSayAkAra jJAna che. saMjJAsakaMdha e savicAra ane samRtijanya jJAna che. vedanAsakaMdha sukha-du:khanuM vedana che. saMskArakaMdha e vAsanA che. A pAMca kaMdhone nirodha e mokSa che. Ane artha e thayo ke cittanI vRttirahitatA nirvANa che. nivaNamAM viSayAkAro ke sukhadu:khAkAro cittamAM UThatA nathI. nirvANamAM kevaLa zAti hoya che. tene sukha gaNavuM hoya te gaNe. eka vAra citta AvI avasthAne pAme che pachI te temAMthI yuta thatuM nathI. A arthamAM nirvANane azruta ane nitya gaNavAmAM Ave che. rUpAdi pAMca sakaMdhe ja saMsArI avasthAmAM eka cittane bIjA cittathI bheda kare che ane vyaktitva bakSe che. A vyaktitvane mATe "pugala' zabda prayoga karavAmAM Ave che. rUpa Adi pAMca sakaMdhe ja citanuM vyaktitva che, heruM che. temanAthI atirikta vyaktitva che ja nahi. A samajAvavA mATe ja nAgasene rathanuM prasiddha daSTAnta ApyuM che. rathanA eka eka avayavane laI nAgasena pUche che, " A ratha che" ? dareka vakhate milinda "nA" kahe che. chevaTe keI avayava ke kazuM bacatuM nathI tyAre nAgasena pUche che, ke to pachI ratha kayAM ? cakra Adi avayavothI atirikta ratha nAmanI koI avayavI vastu nathI. avayathI bhinna avayavI nAmanI kaI vastune bauddho svIkAratA nathI e ahIM dhyAnamAM rAkhIe. kaMdhe pote ja vyaktitva che. A vyaktitvane ja pagala kahevAmAM Ave che. 44 nirvANamAM pAMca dhone abhAva thatAM vyaktitvane arthAta pudgalane abhAva thAya che. paraMtu ene artha e nahi ke cittano abhAva thaI jAya che. vyaktitvavihIna citta to nivaNamAM rahe che ja.45 arthAta, nirvANamAM badhAM citto taddana ekasarakhAM ja hoya che. temanI vacce kaI paNa prakArane bheda hoto nathI. dIpanirvANanuM daSTAnta A pudgalanirvANane samajAve che. tela khUTI jatAM ke vATa saLagI jatAM dIvo jema helavAI jAya che, teno ukeda thAya che, tema pAMca skaMdhono abhAva thatAM vyaktitvane (pudgalana) nAza thAya che. AtmA' zabda citta ane pudagala baMnene mATe vaparAyo hovAthI nirvANumAM cittaneya abhAva thaI jAya che evI gerasamaja UbhI thaI che. keTalAkanA mate dIpanirvANanuM daSTAnta, mukta thayeluM citta kayAM jAya che evA praznane pitAne uttara samAvavA bauddhoe Apela che. dhI bujhAI jatAM kayAM jAya che? pUrvamAM, uttaramAM, upara, nIce, dakSiNamAM, ityAdi ? A prazna pUchI boddho sacavavA mAge che ke mukta thayeluM citta kayAM jAya che e prazna pUchavuM yogya nathI. te amuka jagyAe jaIne rahe che ema kahevuM ucita nathI. siddhazilA jevI kalpanAne bauddho yogya gaNatA nathI. bauddhoe nirvANanA be prakAra mAnyA che- padhizeSa ane nirupadhiSa. sopadhizeSamAM rAgAdine nAza thaI jAya che paNa paMcasakaMdho rahe che. ahIM cittanuM pudagala arthAta vyaktitva nirAsava (rAdi deSarahita) hoya che. Ane jIvanamukti gaNI zakAya. nirupadhizeSamAM pAMca dhone paNa abhAva thaI jAya che. ahIM cittanuM pugala arthAta vyaktitva paNa nAza pAme che. kevaLa citta ja rahe che. Ane videhamukti gaNI zakAya. - bauddhonuM citta kSaNika che, to pachI tenA mekSanI vAta karavAno zo artha ? Ano uttara e che ke citta kSaNika hevA chatAM evAM cittanI eka hAramALAne (=sannatine), jemAM pUrva

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64 bhAratIya darzanAmAM meAkSavicAra pUrvanAM kSaNika citto uttarauttaranAM kSaNika cittonAM upAdAna kAraNeA hAya che, bauddo mAne che. cittasantatimAM pravAhanityatA che. tethI tenA meAkSanI vAta karavAmAM kazuM anucita nathI.48 je cittasantati maLe! dUra karI zuddha thAya che te ja santati mukta thAya che, bIjI nahi. cittasaMtati ane cittadravya e emAM kAI khAsa bheda nathI. khudde nirvANunA upAyA tarIke zIla, samAdhi ane prajJAne aSTAMgikamAga, sAta kheAdhi-aMga, cAra maitrI Adi bhAvanA nirvANunA upAyA gaNAvyA che.49 bauddo paNa kahe che ke tRSNA ja kAraNu che. je tRSNArahita banI pravRtti kare che, te du:khI thatA nathI ane karma bAMdhatA nathI. sAMkhyayAga dRSTie meAkSa : gaNAvyAM che. vaLI temaNe A brahmavihAra) ane samAdhine paNu duHkhanuM mULa che ane karmAMbadhanuM sAMkhyayoga mate AdhyAtmika, Adhidaivika ane Adhibhautika du:khatrayanI AtyaMtika nivRtti mekSa che. sAMkhyayeAga citta uparavaTa puruSa mAne che. tethI prazna UThe che ke meAkSa kAnA--cittane ke puruSanA ? keTalAka madha ane mekSa kharekhara cittanA ja mAne che.pa jyAre khInta keTalAka baMdha ane meAkSa puruSanA mAne che. jee baMdha ane meAkSa cittanA mAne che te kahe che: cittamAM puruSanu' pratibiMba paDe che. puruSanA prakAzathI prakAzita citta te ja puruSa che ema mAnI le che ane sukhaduHkha tema ja vidhyAkAre pariNamanAra huM. peAte ja puruSa chuM' evuM abhimAna dharAve che. A cittane aviveka (yA ajJAna) che. citta yAgasAdhanA dvArA vRttinirodha kare che ane cittamaLAne dUra karI potAnI zuddhi kare che. AvA cittamAM puruSanu spaSTa ane vizaghra pratibiMba paDe che. have cittane puruSanA kharA svarUpanuM jJAna thAya che ane pariNAme potAnA puruSathI bheda samajAya che. A che vivekajJAna. vivejJAnathI te jANe che ke puruSa tA phUTasthanitya ane nirguNu che, jyAre huM pariNAmI ane guNI chuM. AvuM vivekajJAna thatAM citta puruSanA pratiSiMkhane jhIlavAnu adha karI de che ane sa'pUrNa vRttinirodha karI puruSa AgaLa pote pragaTa thavAnu khaMdha karI de che. tene have puruSa sAthe koI sabaMdha rahetA nathI, kAraNa ke puruSa cittanI vRttionA ja draSTA che.pa1 paraMtu vRttione sa pUrNa nirAdha thatAM puruSa pote draSTAsvarUpa heAvA chatAM tenA citta sAthenA draSTApaNAne saMbadha pUrA thaI jAya che. citta kevaLa banI jAya che.para puruSanu pratibiMba cittamAM paDatuM nathI. chevaTe cittanA pAtAnI mULa prakRtimAM laya thaI jAya che. A cittalaya ja meAkSa che. cittamAM puruSanA pratibiMbanA atha samajavAnA che cittanuM puruSAkAre pariNamana, citta te te viSayanA AkAre pariNamI tene jANe che. je cittanA mAkSa mAne che te puruSamAM cittanA pratioikhanI vAta karatA nathI. jee puruSatA mAkSa mAne che te puruSamAM cittanuM pratibiMba svIkAre che.13 A pratibiMba darpaNumAM mukhapratibiMba jevu che, pariNAmarUpa nathI. tema chatAM jee puruSamAM cittanuM pratibiMba nathI svIkAratA teo mAne che ke AvuM pratibiMba paNa puruSamAM mAnIe tA phUTasthanitya puruSanI e avasthAe mAnavI paDe ane pariNAme puruSanA phUTasthaMnityatvane hAni thAya. kAIne prazna thAya ke cittanA meAkSanI vAtamAM duHkhamukti kayAM AvI? enA uttara A pramANe che. duHkha e cittanI vRtti che. duHkharUpa cittavRtti udbhavavAnuM kAraNa rAga Adi klezA che. lero pazu cittavRtti che. rAga Adi kalezArUpa cittavRttionA nirAdha thatAM duHkharUpa cittavRttine

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nagIna jI. zAha 65 nirodha thaI jAya che. vivekajJAnarUpa cittavRttithI avivekajJAnarUpa cittavRttine nirodha thaI jAya che. avivekajJAnarUpa cittavRttinA nirAdha thatAM rAga Adi kalezarUpa cittavRttine nirodha thAya che ane klezarUpa cittavRttione nirodha thatAM duHkharUpa cittavRttine nirAdha thaI jAya che.pa4 vivekI cittane kleza ke du:kha hetAM nathI. vivekI cittane punarbhava nathI. A jIvanamukti che,55 tenAM prArabdha kameryAM bhAgavAI jatAM vivekI citta kamamukta thAya che ane tene prakRtimAM laya thAya che. A videhamukti che.pa. Ama kramathI ajJAnamukti, kalezamukti, du:khamukti ane karamukti thAya che.57 je puruSanI muktinI vAta kare che te A pramANe jaNAve che: pariNAmI cittanI vRttionu` pratibiMba puruSamAM paDe che. puruSagata cittavRttinA pratibhi ane artha puruSanuM cittavRttinA AkAre pariNamana nathI paraMtu kevaLa pratibiMba ja che. tethI puruSanI phUTasthanityatAne kaI vAMdhA AvatA nathI.58 cittanI svapuruSatA avivaikarUpa cittavRtti, sukhAkAra ke duHkhAkAra cittavRtti puruSamAM pratibiMbita thAya che. Ama puruSamAM pratibiMbAtmaka aviveka ane du:kha che. jyAre cittamAM vivekajJAnarUpI vRtti jAge che tyAre kramathI rAgAdi lezeArUpa cittavRtti ane duHkharUpa cittavRtti cittamAM UThatI nathI. pariNAme puruSamAM paNa pratibiMbAtmaka vivekajJAna jAge che ane tethI kramazaH pratibiMbAtmaka klezarUpa cittavRttie ane du:kharUpa cittavRtti dUra thAya che. Ama puruSa pratiSi khAtmaka duHkhamAMthI mukta thAya che.59 chevaTe jyAre citta vivekajJAnarUpa vRttineAya nirodha karI sarva vRttione nirAdha sAdhe che tyAre cittanuM pratibiMba puruSamAM paDatuM madha thaI jAya che, kAraNa kevRttirahita cittanuM pratiSiJa puruSamAM paDI zakatuM nathI." Ama puruSa sAva kevaLa khanI jAya che ane kaivalya pAmyA ema kahevAya che. Ama cittane cA guNlRAnA peAtAnA mULa kAraNamAM laya e kaivalya che; athavA svasvarUpamAM pratiSThita citizakti e kaivalya che.61 mekSamAM cittane tA laya thaI gayA haiAya che. kevaLa puruSa ja heAya che. puruSane sukha hatu nathI, kAraNa ke have sukharUpa cittavRttinuM puruSamAM pratibiMba asaMbhava che. bIjuM, puruSa draSTA che paraMtu tenA dananA viSayabhUta cittavRttine abhAva hAI puruSane kazAnu` darzana nathI. Ama ahIM te kazAnuM darzana na karatA hovA chatAM draSTA che. sAMkhya-yoga puruSamahutvavAdI hAI AvA mukta puruSo aneka che. 2 mukta puruSAne rahevAnuM kaMI niyata sthAna sAMkhya-ceAge jaNAvyu` nathI. AnuM kAraNa e hoI zake ke temane mate puruSa vibhu yA sarvAMgata che. puruSane jJAna hetu nathI kAraNu ke e tA cittanA dharmo che. nyAyavaizeSika mate meAkSa : nyAya-vaizeSika mate paNa Atmantika du:khanivRtti meAkSa che. ApaNe joI gayA ke A dArzanikA cittane mAnatA nathI. paraMtu cittanA jJAna, du:kha vagere dharma puruSamAM mAne che. Ama duHkha puruSanA dharma che, guNu che. jJAna, sukha, du:kha vagere guNe anitya che, teo utpanna thAya che ane nAza pAme che. anitya guNA dharAvanAra puruSa phUTasthanityakrama heAI zaphe ? te mATe da

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bhAratIya davAmAM meAkSavicAra nyAyavaizeSikAe anitya guNAne puruSathI atyaMta bhinna mAnyA che. chatAM te utpanna thaI puruSamAM samavAyasa badhathI rahe che. tethI du:kha e puruSanuM svarUpa nathI paNa AvA guNa che. duHkhanI utpatti thatI tadna khadha karI devAmAM Ave te puruSamAM samavAya saMbadhathI rahetA duHkhane abhAva thaI jAya. A ja mekSa che. sAMkhyanA cittanA je dharyA che te vaizeSikanA puruSanA vizeSa guNNA che. A guNo nava che-- jJAna, sukha, du:kha, icchA, dveSa, prayatna, dha, adhama ane saMskAra. A naveya guNNAne atyanta uccheda mekSa che.63 AtmAnA A vizeSa guNaiAneA atyanta uccheda thavAthI AtmAne peAtAneA uccheda thatA nathI, kAraNa ke dravyarUpa AtmA nivikAra, phUTasthanitya che ane tene tenA vizeSaNAthI atyanta bheda che. AtmAnA badhA vizeSaguNAne jyAre atyanta e thAya che tyAre tenuM svasvarUpamAM avasthAna thAya che. 4 paraMtu AtmAnuM svarUpa zuM ? nyAya-vaizeSikAe kahyu nathI paNa temanA AtmAnuM svarUpa paNa sAMkhyanA puruSanuM je svarUpa - dana - che te hAya, nyAyavaizeSikonA AtmA cetana che, uparanI carcA uparathI kUlita thayu` ke mekSamAM AtmAne jJAna paNa nathI ke sukha paNa nathI. ( ane chhananI vAta tA kayAMya nyAya-vaizeSikAe karI ja nathI.) nyAya-vaizeSikonA AvA meAkSanI kaTu AlAcanA virAdhIoe karI che. teo kahe che ke muktimAM AtmA sukha ane sa MvedanathI rahita thaI jatA hoya to enI ane jaDa paththaranI vacce zuM aMtara rahyuM? mukta AtmA ane jaDa paththara kha sukha ane jJAnathI rahita che. jo mukta AtmA jaDa paththara jevA ja hoya tA pachI te duHkha mukta che ema kahevAnA zA a o 65 AnA uttaramAM nyAya-vaizeSikA jaNAve che ke koI buddhimAna mANasane evuM kahetA sAMbhaLyA nathI ke paththara du:khamAMthI mukta thayA. duHkhanivRttinA prazna tenI ja bAbatamAM UThe che jenI bAbatamAM duHkhAtpatti zakaya hoya. paththaramAM duHkheAtpatti zakaya ja nathI, tethI mukta AtmAne paththara sAthe sarakhAvA yAgya nathI.66 vaLI, virodhIo AkSepa kare che ke jo mukta puruSane kaI jJAna na hoya ane tene kaMI sukha na hoya te tenI avasthA mUrchAvasthA jevI gaNAya ane mUrchAvasthAne kAI nathI icchatuM, tA tene kANu icche? AnA uttaramAM nyAya-vaizaSika jaNAve che ke jhuddhimAna manuSya kadIya mUrchAvasthA nathI icchatA ema mAnavuM barAbara nathI. asahya vedanAthI kaMTALI buddhimAna manuSya paNa mUrchAvasthA icche che ane keTalIka vAra teA AtmahatyA karavA paNa tatpara thAya che. vaLI, nyAya-vaizeSika ciMtako kahe che ke sukha ane duHkhanivRtti kha'teya RSTa che, puruSArtha che, paraMtu buddhimAna vyaktine te bemAMthI du:khanivRtti ja vadhu priya che kAraNa ke te jANe che ke kevaLa sukha pAmavuM azakaya che, sukha du:khAnuSakta ja hoya che. nyAya-vaizeSikanA A prasthApita siddhAnta viruddha navamI zatAbdInA bhAsana nAmanA naiyAyika mekSamAM nitya sukha ane tenA saMvedananI sthApanA karI che.69 jo puruSanuM svarUpa da na hoya teA nyAya-vaizeSikAe dananI vAta kema kayAMya karI nathI ? ApaNe jANIe chIe ke puruSanA darzAnA viSaya cittavRtti che. cittane na mAnavAthI cittavRttiAnA abhAva che. tethI nyAya--vaizeSikonA puruSane darzananA viSayanA sada Mtara sa`kALe abhAva che. eTale nyAya-naizeSikoe datanI vAta karI lAgatI nathI. cittane na mAnavA chatAM kRttie te nyAyavaizeSikoe mAnI che, alabatta te puruSagata che. puruSamAM samAyarsa dhathI rahetI vRttionuM darzIna puruSa kare che ema mAnavAmAM nyAya-vaizeSikone zI Apatti che ? kAI Apatti jaNuAtI nathI,

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nagIna jI. zAha alabatta, tema mAnatAM temaNe jJAna kadI asaMvidita rahetuM nathI ema mAnavuM paDe, jJAna saMvidita ja utpana thAya che ema mAnavuM paDe - je emane iSTa nathI. kadAca e kAraNe darzanane temaNe svIkAryuM ja na hoya ema bane. anAma deha vageremAM Atmabuddhi mithyAjJAna che.anAme deha vageremAM anAtmabuddhi ane AtmAmAM Atmabuddhi tatvajJAna che. tavajJAnathI mithyAjJAna dUra thAya che. mithyAjJAna dUra thatAM anAtma zarIra vagere pratyene moha, rAga dUra thAya che. arthAta mithyAjJAna dUra thatAM rAga vagere deSa dUra thAya che. rAga vagere deze dUra thatAM vyaktinI pravRtti nirdoSa banI jAya che. AvI rAgAdidoSarahita pravRtti punarbhavanuM kAraNa nathI.73 deSarahita pravRtti karanArane punarbhava aTakI jAya che. pravRtti doSarahita hovAthI navA karmo baMdhAtA nathI. tethI je rAga vagere dezothI mukta thaI gayo hoya che te viharato hovA chatAM mukta che- jIvanamukta che.74 A avasthAne aparA mukti kahevAmAM Ave che. je rAga vagere dethI mukta thayo hoya che tene punarbhava aTakI gayo hovA chatAM ane te navAM karmo bAMdhatA na hovA chatAM tenA pUrvakRta karmonAM badhAM phaLa bhegavAI na jAya tyAM sudhI tene chelA janmamAM jIvavAnuM hoya che.75 ananta janmamAM karelAM karmo eka janmamAM kevI rIte bhogavAI jAya evI zaMkA ahIM keIne thAya. * A zaMkAnuM samAdhAna nyAya-vaizeSika ciMtako nIce pramANe kare che. eka, karmakSaya mATe ATale samaya joIe ja e keI niyama nathI. bIju, pUrvanA ananta janmomAM jema karmone saMcaya thato rahyo tema bhogathI temano kSaya paNa thato rahyo hoya che. trIja, chellA janmamAM te te karmane vipAka bhogavavA mATe jarUrI judAM judAM aneka nimaNuzarIre yogasiddhinA baLe nirmANa karIne tema ja mukta AtmAoe choDI dIdhelAM manane grahaNa karIne te jIvanmukta badhAM pUrvakRta karmone vipAkane bhogavI le che.78 pUrvakame chelA janamamAM bhagavAI jatAM nirdoSa pravRtti paNa aTakI jAya che, arthAt zarIra paDe che. 8 paraMtu have bhegavavAnAM kaI karmo na hovAthI navuM zarIra te dhAraNa karato nathI. tene janma sAthe saMparka chUTI jAya che, deha sAthe saMbaMdha chUTI jAya che. deha sAtheno saMbaMdha nAza pAmatAM sarva duHkhane AtyaMtika uccheda thaI jAya che. Ane parAmukti yA nirvANamukti kahevAmAM Ave che. - tattvajJAnathI deSa, pravRtti, janma ane duHkha dUra thAya che e kharuM paNa tattvajJAna kevI rIte utpanna thAya che ? tattvajJAnanI utpatti aSTAMga yoganA anuSThAnathI thAya che. 21 vaLI, taravajJAnanI utpatti mATe adhyAtmavidyAnuM zravaNa-manana-nididhyAsana, adhyAtmavida sAthe saMvAda ane azubha saMjJAnI bhAvanA paNa jarUrI che. mImAMsaka mate mekSa : AtmA vizenI mImAMsaka mAnyatA lagabhaga nyAya-vaizeSikanI mAnyatA jevI ja che. mImAMsaka mati paNa jJAna ApanuM svarUpa nathI paNa guNa che je amuka nimittakAra/na pariNAme AtmAmAM utpanna thAya che. saMskRti ane mekSamAM AtmAmAM jJAna hetuM nathI, kAraNa ke jJAnanA nimitte kAraNe indriyArthasanikaSa vagere suSupti ane mokSamAM hotAM nathI. mImAMsane vaizeSikethI eTale

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Ta bhAratIya dAnAmAM meAkSavicAra bheda che ke mImAMsA meAkSamAM AtmAmAM jJAnazakti mAne che jyAre vaizeSiA meAkSamAM AtmAmAM jJAnazakti mAnatA nathI. AnuM kAraNa e che ke mImAMsA dravya, guNa, karmAM vagere uparAMta padArthomAM zaktine eka paTTA tarIke svIkAre che, jyAre nyAya-vaizeSikA zaktipAte svIkAratA nathI. AtmAne mAkSamAM jema jJAna nathI tema sukha, duHkha, icchA, dveSa, prayatna, dha, adhama tathA saskAra paNuM nathI. mImAMsA kAmya karmone arthAt tRSNAprerita pravRttine ja du:khanuM ane karma baMdhananuM kAraNa gaNe che. niSkAmabhAve karavAmAM AvatAM vedavihita ane nityanaimittaka karmAM du:kha ke karmabaMdhanuM kAraNa nathI. eTale du:khamAMthI mukta thavA kAmya karmone tema niSiddha karmone che|DavAM joIe. A karmAMte cheDavA tRSNA yA kAmane cheDavA joI e, tRSNAne jItavA AtmAne barAbara jAvA joIe. AtmAne arthAt brahmane jANavA vedAntanA abhyAsa karavA joIe. AtmajJAna meAkSabhigAmI pravRttinuM kAraNa che, AtmajJAna mekSanu sAkSAt kAraNu nathI. meAkSanuM sAkSAt kAraNu AtmajJAnapUrvakanI pravRtti che -- kama' che. mAkSamAM jJAna nathI. meAkSamAM sukha nathI.'ninizrva mokSaH 7 meAkSamAM duHkhAbhAva mAtra che, mekSamAM jJAnazakti mAnI che.84 zAMkara vedAntIonA mate mAkSa: brahmane satya ane jagatane mithyA mAnanAra zAMkara vedAtIne mate jagatanI badhI vastuenI jema citta paNa mithyA che, mAyAjanita che. temanu' astitva vyAvahArika che, pAramArthika nathI. jyAM sudhI jIvane ajJAna che tyAM sudhI tene mATe temanuM astitva che, jJAna thatAM temanu astitva nathI. paraMtu jIva zuM che ? te che mAyika cittamAM paDatuM brahmanu ( = puruSanu' ) pratibiMba, sAMkhyathI viruddha ahIM puruSo aneka nathI paNa eka che. e eka puruSanuM pratibiMba aneka citto jhIle che, cittone bheda saMskArabhede ane lezabhede che. AvAM bhinna saMskAra ane bhinna lezeA dharAvatAM cittomAM paDatuM pratibiMba cittamASyamabhede bhinna bhinna hAya che. A pratibiMbe (jIva) ema mAne che ke teo badhAM puruSathI bhinna che ane temanu svataMtra astitva che. pratibiMbanu astitva kadI biMbanirapekSa svataMtra hAI zake ? nA. para Mtu ta tA potAne svataMtra astitva dharAvatA mAne che. A temanu ajJAna che.5 "tuM brahma ja che '' e mahAvAkayanuM zravaNa, AcAryApadeza, vagerethI tene jhAMkhI thavA lAge che ke hu` brahma chuM, tyAra bAda te " huM brahma chuM." evI akhaMDAkAra cittavRttinA pravAha dvrArA (arthAt dhyAna dvArA) bhedaviSayaka ajJAnarUpa cittavRttinA nAza kare che.86 ajJAnarUpa cittavRttine nAza thatAM ajJAnanA vaizvika rUpa mAyAmAMthI pedA thayeluM citta lepa thaI jAya che, cittane lepa thatAM cittamAM paDatu brahmanuM pratibiMba potAnA biMbamAM ( = brahmamAM) samAI jAya che. Ama jIvabrahmanuM aikaca thAya che. Aja brahmasAkSAtkAra che. A ja vedAntanI mukti che. have prazna thAya che ke AmAM du:khamuktinI vAta kayAM AvI ? eka jIva petAne khIjA jIvAthI ane brahmathI judeM mAne che eTale meAha, zAka, vagere janme che, je duHkhanAM kAraNa che. eTale jIve badhe ekatva ja jovuM joIe ane badhAne brahmarUpa ja samajavA joIe, jethI du:khane sa Mbhava ja na rahe. taMtra jo mo: jo styamanuMpacataH| ekatva heAya tyAM bhaya paNa kAna rahe? e hAya tyAM eka khIjAthI bhaya pAme. TvitIyAt hai mayaM maLata! eTale advaitasAkSAtkAra ja duHkhamukti che.

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nagIna jI. zAha brahmane AnaMdasvarUpa vaNuvyuM che. muktimAM jIva brahmamAM samAI jAya che, brahmarUpa banI jAya che, tenuM alaga astitva ke vyaktitva rahetuM ja nathI. te brahmatva prApta kare che. pariNAme te svaya Ata dasvarUpa banI jAya che, te AnaMdanA anubhava karanArA ke bhoktA nathI paNa te pote ja Anada che. muktimAM cittanuM astitva na heAI, cittanI koI vRtti haitI nathI. nathI hotuM sukha, nathI hAtuM du:kha, nathI hatuM jJAna. ahIM prazna thAya ke Ana e sukha nathI teA zuM che ? te sukha nathI. te sukha, du:kha, zAka, bhaya, kAma vagerenA abhAvane kAraNe vyakta thatI parama zAnti che. adhyAtmazAstromAM AzAnti ja IcchavAmAM AvI che. brahmane jJAnarUpa varNavavAmAM AvyuM che paraMtu tyAM jJAnanA aMdana, draSkRtva yA sAkSitva che. jJAna tA cittanI (antaHkaraNanI ) vRtti che. muktimAM aikayajJAna paNu nathI. jema sAMkhyamAM muktimAM bhedajJAna (= vivekajJAna ) nathI, tema vedAtamAM muktimAM akayajJAna paNa nathI. brahma parama sat che. Ama mukta thayela jIva sat, cit ane AnaMdasvarUpa brahmamAM samAI jAya che, tarUpa thaI jAya che. aikayajJAnanI prApti mATe jIve vegasAdhanA karavI jarUrI che. 1. jue nyAyasUtra 1, 1. 1 upara udyotakaranu vAtika 2. dhammacakkapavattana sutta, saMyuttanikAya. 3. cathA vivistArAnuM catugUMdoro, rogahetu, bonca, maimiti / mitravi zAstra caturvyUham --tad yathA saMsAraH saMsArahetuH mokSo mokSopAya iti / vyAsabhASya 2.15 4. nyAyavAtika 1, 1, 1, 5. prazastapAHbhASya, AtmaprakaraNa, 6. sAMkhyapravacanabhASya, 3. 22 7. citta cetaLA vRddhi, saM nIvatattvameva / asthatipUrti, vasAyimutta 4. 4. | prAcIna jaina sAhityamAM prayukta 'sacitta', 'ayitta ', 'puI citta' vagere zabda vicAro. k 8. cittaca. . .praNyApam | cenati 2. 2 | prakhyAnA atha che jJAta... puravaNya...dUrlRcam | sAMcAi ch / ye ddi jJAnAti. . . maiM tattva... ..arthavarzanam ..carca cArthIne na sa jJAnAti / nyAyamaarI (kAzI saMskRta sirija) pR. 24. 9. ...putrasyAAimitrAt| cenasUtra 4, 85 purvAzcamAtro'vArI | cevasiM 2. 4 / 10. yathA ca citi buddheH pratibimbamevaM buddhAvapi citpratibimbaM svIkAryam / yogavArtika 1.4 / 11. sabbe dhammesu ca ANadassI / suttanipAta 478 / tamahaM jAnAmi passAmi ti / mjjhimniAya 1.321 havayono (nIvayapittaya) jaLam / sa Tvividha... | tattvArthasUtra 2. 8-1) s lA vividha:... jJAne payA vargane cevacce sarvArthasiddhi, 2.1 / 12. jJAnAdhiLamAmA / sarvasaMprada (7) juA vaizeSikasutra 3. 2,4 13...tuLanubinau. . .mitha: samvaDhAvanuMmUyete ..tamAr maneva vastunI sabhya sAmAnAdhi karaNyena pratIyete / nyAyArtikatAtparyaTIkA 1. 1. 4 /

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70 bhAratIya darzanamAM kSavicAra 14. buddhisukhaduHkhecchAdveSaprayatnadharmAdharmabhAvanA AtmamanaHsaMyogajAH / kandalI (gaMgAnAthajJAgraMthamAlA -1), 1863, pR. 238 15. vaizeSikasUtra 3. 2.4 16. tatra duHkhatrayam AdhyAtmikam Adhibhautikam AdhidaivikaJcati / sAMkhyakArikAgauDapAdabhASya 1. 17. pariNAmatApasaMskAraduHkhairguNavRttivirodhAcca duHkhameva sarva vivekinaH / yogasUtra 2.15. mohonI .. pariNAmaH5 mane sa.24126:manI mAnyatA bhAra so abhidharmakozavyAkhyA (Woghara - 1971) pR. 23 18. tasya (duHkhasya) hetuH avidyA / yogasUtra 2.24 / yo nyAyasUtra 1. 1. 2 tathA . tattvArthasUtra 8.1 / / 16. klezamUlaH karmAzayaH / yogasUtra 2. 12. / nidAnasaMyutta, saMyuttanikAya / mahAnidAnasutta, dIghanikAya. Po. ganti 'Rajas and Karman ', Sambodhi Vol. 6. Nos 1-2. 21. yogasUtra 1.33 ! tatvArthastra 7.6 / vizudimAga, hindI anuvAda, sAranAtha, 1456, mA. 1. pR. 213-288 22. na, klezasantataH svAbhAvikatvAt / nyAyasUtra 4.1.65 / anAdirayaM klezasantatiH, na cAnAdiH zakya ucchettamiti / nyAyabhASya 4.1.65 kleshaanubndhaannaastypvrgH| klezAnubaddha evAyaM mriyate klezAnubaddhazca jAyate nAsya klezAnubandhavicchedo gRhyate / nyAyabhASya 4.1.59 23. pravRttyanubandhAnnAstvapavargaH / nyAyabhASya 4.1.59 24. na, arthavizeSaprAbalyAt / nyAyasUtra 4.2.39 25. kSudAdibhiH pravartanAcca / nyAyasUtra 4.2.40 26. kandalI pR. 213 27. suSuptasya svapnAdarzane klezAbhAvAdapavargaH / nyAyasUtra 4.1.63 28. na, saGkalpanimittatvAcca rAgAdInAm / nyAyasUtra 4.1.68 28. ...pratipakSabhAvanAbhyAsena ca samUlamunmUlayitu zakyante doSA iti / nyAyamaJcarI, bhAga 2, pR. 86 (kAzIsaMskRta sirijha) 30. na pravRttiH pratisandhAnAya hInaklezasya / nyAyasUtra / 4.1.6 4 / tato mithyAjJAnasya dagdhabIja bhAvopagamaH punshcaaprsvH...| yogabhASya 2.26 / 31. nyAyasUtra 4.2.42 / 32. kandalI pR. 213 33. tattvArthasUtra, 10.2 (sarvArthasiddhisahita) 34. tadanantaramUce gacchatyAlokAntAt / tattvArthasUtra 5.5 35. jaM saMThANaM tu ihaM bhavaM cayaMtassa caramasamayammi / AsI ya paesaghaNaM taM saMThANaM tahiM tassa // Avazyakaniyukti gAthA 1228 /

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nagIna jI. zAha 39. tatvArthasUtra 9.1-8 37. samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH / tattvArthasUtra 1.1. 38. tatvArtha sUtra (5. susAsanI guna rAtI vyAkhyA sAthai ) sUtra 1.9. 38. sakaSAyAkaSAyayeoH sAmparAyikeryApathayeAH / tattvArthasUtra 6.5 (5 susAsanI gubharAtI vyAkhyA sAthe) 40. prabhAsvaramidaM cittaM prakRtyA''gantavo malAH / pramANavArtika 1.210 41. cittameva hi saMsAro rAgAdiklezavAsitam / tadeva taivinirmuktaM bhavAnta iti kathyate / tattvasaMgrahapaJjikA (pra. 104) bhAM mauddhAyArya ubhutzIle uddhRta karela prAcIna bauddha zloka. 42. zAntarakSita tattvasaMgrahamA (5. 184 ) spaSTapaNe yA pramANe yAve. 43. jaina vidvAna asa potAnA 'tattvArtharAjavArtika'mAM prabhASe mauddha nirvANune samannavesa che. 44. milindapaNDa (V. Trenckner London 1880) a. 2 pR. 25-28 45. kammassa kArako natthi vipAkassa ca vedakA / suddhadhammA pavattanti evetaM sammadassanaM / visuddhimagga a. 19 49. dIpo yathA nirvRtimabhyupeto naivAvaniM gacchati nAntarikSam / dizaM na kAcid vidizaM na snehakSayAt kevalameti zAntim // saundarananda, 16.29 71 47. dvividhaM nirvANamupavarNitam-sopadhizeSaM nirupadhizeSaM ca / tatra niravazeSasya avidyArAgAdikasya zagaNasya prahANAt sopadhizeSaM nirvANamiSyate / ... upadhizabdena... pazcopAdAnaskandhA ucyante / ... saha upadhizeSeNa vartata iti sopadhizeSam / tacca skandhamAtrakameva kevlm...| yatra tu nirvANa skandhamAtrakamapi nAsti tannirupadhizeSaM nirvANam / mAdhyamikavRtti, pR. 519 48. klezakarmAbhisaMskRtasya santAnasyAvicchedena pravartanAt paraloke phalapratilambho'bhidhIyate / bodhicatArapaJjikA ( bibliothekA iMDikA ) pR. 473 / / zAntarakSitata tattvasamAM ka kulasaMbaMdhaparIkSA nAmanu" prakaraNa. 48. yo mauddhadharmadarzana, pR. 12-118 50. sAMdhyAriDA, 12 51. sadA jJAtAvittavRttayastatprabhoH purusssy...| yogasUtra 4.18 52. tadavasthe cetasi viSayAbhAvAt buddhibodhAtmA puruSaH kiMsvabhAva iti ? tadA draSTuH svarUpe'vasthAnam / yogasUtra 1.3 ( bhASyotthAnikAsahita) 43. yathA ca citi buddheH pratibimbamevaM buddhAvapi citpratibimbaM svIkAryam / yogavArtika, 1.4 54-55. tallAbhAd ( - vivekajJAnalAbhAd) avidyAdayaH klezAH samUlakASaM kaSitA bhavanti / kuzalAkuzalAzca karmAzayAH samUlaghAtaM hatA bhavanti / klezakarmanivRtau jIvanneva vidvAn vimukto bhavati / ksmaat| yasmAd viparyayo bhavasya kAraNam / nahi kSINaviparyayaH kazcit kenacit kvacita jAto dRzyata iti / yogabhASya 4.60 56. sAMkhyakArikA, 68

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Gra bhAratIya darzanomAM mokSavicAra 57. Adyastu mokSo jJAnena...dvitIyo rAgAdikSayAditi...karmakSayAta tRtIyaM vyAkhyAtaM mokSalakSaNam / yogavArtika, 4.25-4.32 58. yadyapi purapazcinmAtro'vikArI tathApi buddheviSayAkAravRttInAM purupe yAni pratibimbAni tAnyeva puruSasya vRttayaH, na ca tAbhiH avastubhUtAmiH pariNAmitvaM sphaTikasyevAtattvato'nyathAbhAvAt / yogavAtika, 1.4 58. sAMkhyapravacanabhASya 1.1 60. paramANoriva vRttyatiriktAnAM pratibimbasamarpaNAsAmarthyasya phalabalena kalpanAt / yogavArtika, 1.4 11. puruSArthazUnyAnAM guNAnAM pratiprasavaH kaivalyam , svarUpapratiSThA vA citizaktiriti / yogasUtra,4.34 12. kaivalyaM prAptAstarhi santi ca bahavaH kevlinH| yogabhASya 1.24. 63. navAnAmAtmavizeSaguNAnAmatyantocchittirmokSaH / vyomavatI (caukhambA, 1930) pR. 638 14. samastAtmavizeSaguNocchedopalakSitA svarUpasthitireva / kandalI pR. 692 65. yadi muktAtmAnaH pASANatulyajaDAstAhi kathaM tatra duHkhanivRttivyapadezaH ? 11. na hi 'pASANo duHkhAnnivRttaH' iti kenApi prekSAvatA vyapadizyate / duHkhasaMbhava eva hi duHkhanivRttinirdiSTumarhati / 67. na, duHkhArtAnAM tadabhAvavedanamabhisandhAyaiva tajjihAsAdarzanAta , kathamanyathA dehamapi jhyH| Atmatattvaviveka (caukhambA 1140) pR. 438 68. nyAyabhASya 1. 1. 2 6. nyAyasAra pR. 594-98 (136zanaprAzanapratiSThAna, pAsI , 1868). 70. kiM punastanmithyAjJAnam ? anAtmanyAtmaprahaH / nyAyabhASya 4. 2.1 71. tattvajJAnaM khalu mithyAjJAnaviparyayeNa vyAkhyAtam / nyAyabhASya 1.1.2 72. yadA tu tattvajJAnAd mithyAjJAnamapaiti tadA mithyAjJAnApAye doSA apayanti / nyAyabhASya 1.1.2 73. na pravRttiH pratisandhAnAya hInaklezasya / nyAyasUtra 4.1.64 74. so'yamadhyAtma bahizca viviktacitto viharanmukta ityucyate / nyAyabhASya 4.1.64 75. ...sarvANi pUrvakarmANi hyante janmani vipacyanta iti / nyAyabhASya 4.1.64 * ...anantAnAM kathamekasmin janmani parikSaya iti cet / kandalI pR. 687 76. na, kAlAniyamAt / kandalI pR. 687 77. yathaiva sAvat pratijanma karmANi cIyante, tathaiva bhogAt kSIyante ca / kandalI pR. 687 78. yogI hI yogaddhisiddhathA...nirmAya tadupabhogayogyAni...tAni tAni sendriyANi zarIrANi, __ antaHkaraNAni ca muktAtmabhirupekSitAni gRhItvA sakalakarmaphalamanubhavati prAptaizvarya itItthamupa. bhogena karmaNAM kSayaH / nyAyamaJjarI, bhA. 2, pR. 88 71. pravRttyapAye janmApaiti / nyAyabhASya 1.1.2

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73 nagIna jI. zAha 80. samAdhivizeSAbhyAsAt / nyAyasUtra 4.2.38 tadarthe yamaniyamAbhyAmAtmasaMskAro yogAzcAdhyAtmavidhyupAyaiH / nyAyasUtra 4.2.46 81. jJAnagrahaNAbhyAsastadvidyaizca saha saMvAdaH / nyAyasUtra 4.2.47 82. nyAyabhASya 4.2.3 43. zAstradIpikA pR. 125-30 / 84. yadasya svaM naija rUpaM jJAnazaktisattAdravyatvAdi tasminnavatiSThate / zAstradIpikA, pR. 130 85. buddhibhedAditi / buddhirantaHkaraNam / AyeM pakSe buddhibhedAt ttsNskaarbhedH| tadbhedAcca tadava cchinnaajnyaanbhedH| tadbhadAcca tatpratibimbitacaitanya bheda iti jIvanAnAtvam / antye tu buddhibhedAt tatpratibimbitacaitanyabheda iti jIvanAnAtvam / pAramArthikatvAditi / pratibimba ca na bimbAdanyat kiJcidityanupadamevoktamiti bimbarUpeNa pAramArthikameva tat / siddhAntabinduTIkA (abhyaMkarakRtA) pR. 47, B.O.R.I Poona, 1928. 86. tadevaM vedAntavAkyajanyAkhaNDAkAravRttyA avidyAnivRttau tatkalpitasakalAnanivRttau paramAnandarUpaH san kRtakRtyo bhavati / siddhAntabinduTIkA (zaMkarakRtA) pR. 153, B.O.R.I., Poona 1928.