Page #1
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 66 prAcIna jaina sAhitya meM Ayurveda tathA bhagavAn mahAvIra kA garbhApaharaNa DA. jagadIzacandra jaina anusandhAna 46 ( bhUmikA : sva. Do. jagadIzacandra jaina prAkRta sAhitya ke jAne-mAne vidvAn the / unakA yaha aprakAzita lekha Do. madhusUdana DhAMkIne bhejA hai| cUMki isa lekha meM eka aisA vivAdAspada muddA cher3A gayA hai ki jise chApane se sampradAya meM virodha ho sakatA thA, isalie paM. dalasukha mAlavaNiyA sameta kisI vidvAnne ise prakAzita nahIM kiyA thA / lekina eka ghaTanAko lekara buddhimAn yA vicArazIla loga kyA soca va mAna sakate haiM, usakI jAnakArI bhI hameM milanI to jarUra cAhie / isI Azaya se yahAM vaha lekha yathAvat prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai / maiMne DaoN. DhAMkI ko kahA ki isake prativAda ke rUpa meM maiM merA yAnI paramparA kA mantavya bhI likhuMgA / unhoMne premapUrvaka sahamatI darzAI ki jarUra likheM / ataH DaoN. jaina kA lekha va usakA prativAda donoM yahAM prastuta hai / zI.) I Ayurveda kA artha hai Ayuko jAnane vAlA zAstra, arthAt jisa zAstra meM Ayu ke sambandha meM vicAra kiyA jAtA ho athavA jisa zAstra ke dvArA dIrgha AyukI prApti hotI ho, use Ayurveda kahate hai (Ayurasmin vidyate'nena vA AyurvindatItyAyurvedaH) / isase yahI siddha hotA hai ki prAcIna bhArata ke Arya jIvita rahane ke lie atyanta utsuka the / 'tU sau zarad RtuoM taka jIvita raha' (tvaM jIva zarada: zatam) Rgveda kA yaha vAkya, tathA dIrgha jIvana kI prApti ke lie kiyA jAne vAlA AyuSToma yajJa isa kathana ke sAkSI haiM / vedoM kI saMkhyA cAra hai - Rgveda, yajurveda, sAmaveda aura atharvaveda / ina cAra vedoM ke cAra upaveda haiM- Rgveda kA upaveda Ayurveda (vyAsa ke caraNavyUha aura zaMkara ke Ayurveda ke matAnusAra; jabaki suzrutasaMhitA aura hatyAyurveda meM use atharvaveda kA upaveda kahA hai), yajurveda kA upaveda dhanurveda, sAmaveda kA upaveda gAndharvaveda aura atharvaveda kA upaveda sthApatyazAstraveda batAyA gayA hai / suzrutasaMhitA ke Ayurvedotpatti adhyAya meM
Page #2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Disembara 2008 Ayurveda ke lie kevala vedakA prayoga karate hue use anAdi aura zAzvata kahA hai| kahate haiM ki pratyeka sRSTi ke Arambha meM brahmadeva Ayurveda kA prarUpaNa karate haiM / sRSTi kI utpatti ke pUrva unake dvArA 1 hajAra adhyAyoM meM 1 lAkha zloko meM Ayurveda kI racanA kI huI batAyI jAtI hai; tatpazcAt manuSyoM kI svalpa buddhi ke anusAra unhoM ne ise ATha bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA / yadyapi Ayurveda ko vedakA upAMga mAnA gayA hai, lekina isa zAstra ke jIvanopayogI hone ke kAraNa veda kI apekSA bhI isakA mahattva adhika batAyA gayA hai / suzruta meM kahA hai ki vedoM kA adhyayana karane se to kevala svarga kI prApti Adi paralaukika phala kI hI upalabdhi hotI hai, jabaki Ayurveda ke abhyAsa se dhana, mAna Adi sAMsArika sukha, tathA vyAdhi-pIr3itoM ko jIvana-dAna dene se svargaprApti Adi kA lAbha bhI milatA hai / aSTAMgasaMgraha meM isa sambandha meM eka zloka hai - kvaciddharmaH kvacinmitraM kvacidarthaH kvacidyazaH / karmAbhyAsaH kvacicceti cikitsA nAsti niSphalA // - zArIrika cikitsA karane se kahIM dharma kI prApti hotI hai, kahIM mitra kI, kahIM dhana kI kahIM yaza kI aura kahIM svakarma kA abhyAsa hotA hai, ata: cikitsA kabhI niSphala nahIM jAtI / vyAdhi se pIr3ita rogiyoM ke roga ko zAnta karanA aura svAsthya kI rakSA karanA - yaha Ayurveda kA uddezya hai / Ayurveda ke mukhya do sampradAya hai- eka kAyacikitsA aura dUsarA zalyacikitsA / donoM sampradAyoM ke AcAryoM ne apane-apane viSaya ke aneka granthoM kA nirmANa kiyA, lekina durbhAgya se inameM se adhikAMza grantha Aja upalabdha nahIM hai / bhagavAn dhanvantari (dhanvaM zalyazAstraM tasya antaM pAraM iyati gacchatIti) se maharSi suzrutane zalyapradhAna Ayurveda kI zikSA prApta kara suzrutasaMhitA kI racanA kI thI, zalyacikitsA ko Ayurveda kA mukhya aMga batAte hue suzrutasaMhitA ke sUtrasthAna meM deva aura dAnavoM ke yuddha kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| kahate haiM ki deva aura dAnavoM ke yuddha meM paraspara ke prahAra se jo yoddhA ghAyala hue, unake dhAvoM kI marahama-paTTI karane tathA yajJa ke kaTe hue sira kA sandhAna karane
Page #3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 68 anusandhAna 46 ke kAraNa zalyacikitsA ko Ayurveda kA mukhya aMga mAna liyA gayA / jainoM kI Ayurveda sambandhI mAnyatA jaina granthoM meM Ayurveda (cikitsAzAstra) kA mahattva pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, lekina phira bhI Azcarya kI bAta hai ki usakI gaNanA pApazrutoM meM kI hai / nizIthacUrNI (15, pR. 512 ) meM dhanvantari kA yogI (Agamokta vidhi se kriyA karane vAlA; AgamAnusAreNa jahuttaM kiriyaM kareMto jogIva bhavati) ke rUpa meM ullekha karate hue kahA hai ki apane vibhaMgajJAna dvArA rogoM kA paricaya prApta kara usane vaidyakazAstra kA nirmANa kiyA, aura isa zAstra kA adhyayana karane vAle mahAvaidya kahalAye / Ayurveda ke ATha aMga : suzruta Adi brAhmaNa granthoM kI bhAMti jainoM ke sthAnAMga sUtra (8, pR. 404 a) meM Ayurveda ke nimnalikhita ATha aMgoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai- (1) kumArabhicca (kaumArabhRtya; bAlakoM ke poSaNa ke lie stanapAna sambandhI tathA anya rogoM kI cikitsA), (2) salAga ( zAlAkya; karNa, mukha, nAsikA Adi zarIra ke UrdhvabhAga ke rogoM kI cikitsA), (3) sallahattha ( zAlyahatya; tRNa, kASTha, pASANa, rajaHkaNa, lohA, miTTI, asthi, nakha Adi zalyoM kA uddharaNa), (4) kAyatigicchA (kAyacikitsA; zarIra sambandhI jvara, atisAra Adi rogoM kI cikitsA), (5) jaMgolI athavA jaMgola (kauTilya arthazAstra meM jAMgali; sarpa, kITa, lUtA Adi tathA vividha prakAra ke mizrita viSa kI cikitsA / suzruta meM ise agadatantra kahA hai), (6) bhUyavijjA (bhUtavidyA deva, asura, gandharva, yakSa, rAkSasa Adi se pIr3ita cittavAloM kI zAntikarma aura balidAna Adi dvArA cikitsA), (7) rasAyaNa (rasAyana; 1. utpAta, nimitta, mantrazAstra, AkhyAyikA, cikitsA, kalAe~, AvaraNa (vAstuvidyA), ajJAna ( mahAbhArata Adi - TIkA), mithyApravacana (buddhazAsana Adi-TIkA ) - ye pApazruta haiM, sthAnAMga 9.678 / 2. suzruta ke anusAra brahmAne dakSaprajApati ko dakSaprajApatine azvinIkumAroM ko, azvinIkumAroMne indra ko, indrane dhanvantariko aura dhanvantarine suzruta ko Ayurveda kI zikSA dI /
Page #4
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Disembara 2008 69 tAruNya kI sthApanA tathA Ayu aura buddhi ke bar3hAne aura roga zAnta karane ke lie cikitsA), (8) vAjIkaraNa (athavA khArataMta kSAratantra; alpavIrya, kSINavIrya aura zuSkavIrya puruSoM meM vIrya kI puSTi, vIrya kA utpAdana aura harSa utpanna karane kA upAya ) 1 / roga aura vyAdhi chedasUtroM ke TIkAkAroM ne roga aura vyAdhi meM antara batAte hue, adhika samaya taka rahane vAlI athavA bahuta samaya meM prANoM kA apaharaNa karane vAlI bImArI ko roga, tathA prANoM kA zIghra apaharaNa karane vAlI bImArI ko vyAdhi kahA hai (nizIthabhASya 11.3646-47) / vyAdhi ko AtaMka bhI kahA gayA hai solaha prakAra ke roga aura solaha prakAra kI vyAdhiyAM batAyI gayI hai| L = AcArAMga sUtra (6.1.173 tathA TIkA) meM solaha rogoM ke nAma nimna prakAra haiM- (1) gaMDI (gaMDamAlA; jisa meM gardana phUla jAtI hai), (2) kuSTha (kor3ha), 2 (3) rAyaMsI (rAjyakSmA = kSaya), (4) avamAriya ( apasmAra), (5) 1. suzrutasaMhitA ( 1. 1.7 ) meM zalyatantra, zAlAkyatantra, kAyacikitsA, bhUtavidyA, kau bhArabhRtya, agadatantra, rasAyanatantra aura vAjIkaraNatantra isa krama se ATha aMga batAye haiM / ina meM kAyacikitsA aura zalyatantra ko chor3akara anya aMgoM ke grantha upalabdha nahIM hai / dhanvantari ke samaya se hI kAyacikitsA ko chor3akara anya sampradAya prAya: vilupta hue mAne jAte haiM / 2. kuSTha 18 prakAra kA hotA haiM 7 mahAkuSTha aura 11 kSudrakuSTha / mahAkuSTha (aMgrejI meM leprasI) ko zarIra kI samasta dhAtuoM meM praveza karane ke kAraNa asAdhya kahA hai / mahAkuSTha ke sAta bheda haiM- (1) aruNa (vAta ke kAraNa kiMcit raktavarNa, kSudra AkAra kA, phailanevAlA, pIr3A denevAlA, phaTanevAlA aura sparza kI cetanA se zUnya), (2) audumbara (pitta ke kAraNa pake gUlara ke samAna AkRti aura varNavAlA), (3) nizya (yaha pATha azuddha jAna par3atA hai| suzruta meM ise RSyajika kahA hai, arthAt RSya nAmaka hariNa kI jIbha ke samAna khurajarA), (4) kapAla (kAle ThIkare ke samAna pratIta honevAlA), (5) kAkanAda (suzruta meM kAkaNaka; guMjAphalake samAna atyanta rakta aura kRSNavarNavAlA, kAzyapasaMhitA (pR. 82) meM kAkaNaM), (6) pauNDarIka (suzruta meM puNDarIka; kapha ke kAraNa zveta kamalapatra ke samAna varNavAlA; kAzyapasaMhitA meM pauNDarIka), (7) dadru (dAda; atasI ke puSpa ke samAna nIlavarNa athavA tAmravarNavAlA, phailanevAlA; isameM choTI -
Page #5
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 70 anusandhAna 46 kANiya (akSiroga), (6) jhimiya (jar3atA), (7) kuNiya (hInAMgatva), (8) khujjitha (kubar3Apana), (9) udararoga, (10) mUya(gUMgApana), (11) sUNIya (zarIra kI sUjana), (12) gilAsaNi (bhasmaka), (13) bevai (kaMpana), (14) pIDhasappi (paMgutva), (15) silIvaya (zlIpada = phIlapAMva), aura (16) madhumeha / vipAkasUtra meM solaha vyAdhiyoM ke nAma nimnalikhita haiM - (1) zvAsa, (2) kAsa (khAMsI), (3) jvara, (4) dAha, (5) kukSizUla, (6) bhagaMdara, (7) arza (bavAsIra), (8) ajIrNa, (9) dRSTizUla, (10) mUrdhazUla, (11) choTI phusiyAM uTha AtI haiM) / 11 kSudrakuSThoM ke nAma haiM - (1) sthUlAruSka (isake kAraNa sandhiyoM meM atyanta dAruNa, sthUla aura kaThina gUmar3he ho jAte haiM), (2) mahAkuSTha (tvacA meM sikur3ana aura darAra par3a jAtI hai aura vaha sunna ho jAtI hai), (3) ekakuSTha (zarIra kAlA syAha aura lAla ho jAtA hai), (3) carmadala (jisa meM hAtha-paira ke khAja,pIr3A,jalana aura sUjana ho jAya). (4) parisarpa (jisameM sravaNa karanevAlI phusiyAM zarIra meM dhIre-dhIre phailatI hoM), (5) visarpa (jisameM rakta aura mAMsa ko daSita kara, mA, jalana, arati aura pIr3A utpanna karake, tvacA pakakara zIghra hI cAroM aura phaila jAye), (6) sidhma (isa meM khAja AtI hai; yaha zveta hotA hai, isa meM kaSTa nahIM hotA, yaha kSudra AkAra kA hotA hai, aura prAya: zarIra ke Urdhva bhAga meM hotA hai), (7) vicikA athavA vipAdikA (vircikA meM hAthoM aura pAMvoM meM bahuta khAja AtI hai, pIr3A hotI hai aura rUkhI-rUkhI rekhAeM par3a jAtI hai, yahI jaba pAMvoM meM pahuMcakara khAja, jalana aura vedanA paidA kara detA hai to ise vipAdikA (vivAI) kahA jAtA hai), (8) kiTima (yaha bahatA rahatA hai, golAkAra aura ghana hotA hai; isa meM bahuta khAja AtI hai, yaha cikanA aura kRSNavarNa kA hotA hai), (9) pAmA (yaha bahatA rahatA hai, isa meM khAja aura jalana hone se choTI-choTI kuMsiyAM ho jAtI haiM / aMgrejI meM ekjImA kahate haiM), (10) kacchU (jaba pAmA meM atyanta jalana hone lagatI hai to ise kacchU kahate haiM), (11) zatAruka, (suzruta meM rakasA; jisa meM khAja AtI ho aura phusiyAM na bahatI hoM; kAzyapasaMhitA meM zatAhaSka.) / tathA dekhie suzruta, nidAnasthAna adhyAya 5 / 1. tathA dekhie vipAkasUtra 1, pR. 7; nizIthabhASya 11.3646; uttarAdhyayanasUtra 10.27 /
Page #6
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Disembara 2008 arocaka (bhojana meM aruci), (12) akSivedanA, (13) karNavedanA, (14) kaNDU (khujalI), (15) jalodara, (16) kuSTha / anya rogoM meM dubbhUya (durbhUta = Iti. TiDDIdalakA upadrava), kularoga, grAmaroga, nagararoga, maMDalaroga, zIrSavedanA, oSThavedanA, nakhavedanA, dantavedanA, kacchU, khasara (khasarA), pANDuroga, ekado-tIna-cAra dina ke antarAla se AnevAlA jvara, indragraha, dhanurgraha (vAyu ke kAraNa zarIra kA kubaDA ho jAnA), skandagraha, kumAragraha, yakSagraha, bhUtagraha, udvega, hRdayazUla, udarazUla, yonizUla, mahAmArI, valgulI (jI macalAnA) aura viSakumbha (phur3iyA) Adi kA ullekha milatA hai / rogoM kI utpatti vaidyazAstra meM vAta, pitta aura kapha ko samasta rogoM kA mUla kAraNa batAyA gayA hai / sthAnAMgasUtra (9.667) meM rogotpatti ke nau kAraNa kahe haiM - (1) AvazyakatA se adhika bhojana karanA, (2) ahitakara bhojana karanA, (3) AvazyakatA se adhika sonA, (4) AvazyakatA se adhika jAgaraNa karanA, (5) purISa kA nirodha karanA, (6) mUtra kA nirodha karanA, (7) rAstA calanA, (8) bhojana kI pratikUlatA aura (9) kAmavikAra / purISa ke rokane se maraNa, mUtra ke rokane se dRSTi kI hAni aura vamana ke rokane se kor3ha kA honA batAyA gayA hai / (bRhatkalpabhASya 3.4380) / jainazramaNoM ko rogajanya saMkaTa jaina zramaNa saMyama kA pAlana karane ke lie dRDhatApUrvaka AhAra vihAra sambandhI vrata-niyamoM kA AcaraNa karate the / jaise gaMgA ke ulaTe srota ko pAra karanA, samudra ko bhujAoM se tiranA, bAlU ke grAsa ko bhakSaNa karanA, asi kI dhAra para calanA, lohe ke cane cabAnA, prajvalita agni kI zikhA pakar3anA aura mandAra parvata ko tarAjU para tolanA kaThina hai, vaise hI zramaNadharma ke AcaraNa ko mahAduSkara batAyA hai| phira bhI zarIra meM utpanna honevAlI 1. nizIthabhASya 11.3647 meM nimnalikhita ATha vyAdhiyAM batAyI gayI hai jvara, zvAsa, kAsa, dAha, atisAra, bhagaMdara, zUla, ajIrNa / tathA dekhie jJAtRdharmakathA 13, pR. 144 (vaidya saMskaraNa) / 2. jambUdvIpaprajJapti 24, pR. 120; jIvAbhigama 3, pR. 153; vyAkhyAprajJapti 3.6 /
Page #7
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 72 anusandhAna 46 vyAdhiyoM ko kaise rokA jA sakatA thA ? sAmAnyatayA vyAdhigrasta ho jAne para jaina sAdhu ko cikitsA karAne aura auSadhi-sevana karane kA niSedha hai, aura jaise bhI ho sarvatra saMyama kI pratiSThA kA hI upadeza diyA gayA hai| lekina kitane hI prasaMga aise upasthita hote, jabaki saMyama kI apekSA apanI rakSA karanA adhika Avazyaka ho jAtA (savvattha saMjamaM saMjamAo appANameva rakkhaMto-nizIthacUrNI, pIThikA 451) / bRhatkalpabhASya kI vRtti (1.2900) meM kahA hai zarIraM dharmasaMyuktaM rakSaNIyaM prayatnataH / zarIrAcchravate dharmaH parvatAt salilaM yathA // - jaise parvata se jala pravAhita hotA hai, vaise hI zarIra se dharma pravAhita hotA hai, ata eva dharmayukta zarIra kI yatnapUrvaka rakSA karanI cAhie / vyAdhiyoM kA upacAra kahanA na hogA ki kisI asAdhAraNa roga yA vyAdhi se pIr3ita hone para sAdhuoM ko cikitsA karAne ke lie bAdhya honA par3atA thA / udAharaNa ke lie, kor3ha ho jAne para jaina zramaNoM ko dAruNa kaSTa kA sAmanA karanA par3atA / yadi unheM galA huA kor3ha ho jAtA, unake khujalI (kaccha) ho jAtI, unake kor3ha meM khAja (kiTibhI Ane lagatI, yA jUe paidA ho jAtI to unheM nirloma carma para liTAyA jAtA (bRhatkalpabhASya 3.3839-40) / yadi ve ekjImA(pAmA) se pIDita rahate to use zAnta karane ke lie meDhe kI purISa aura gomUtra kAma meM liyA jAtA (oghaniyukti 368, pR. 134-a) / yadi unake kor3ha meM kIr3e (kRmikuSTha) par3a jAte to unheM aura bhI bhayaMkara kaSTa hotA / eka bAra kisI sAdhu ke kRmikuSTha dvArA pIr3ita hone para vaidyane tela, kambalaratna aura gozIrSa candana (ekaprakAra kA sapheda candana) kA upacAra batAyA / lekina ye tInoM vastueM mileM kahAM se ? anta meM kisI vaNik ne binA mola ke hI kambala aura candana de diye 1 sAdhu ke zarIra meM 1. anya teloM meM zatapAkatela, haMsatela, marutela aura kalyANaghRtakA ullekha milatA hai, jagadIzacandra jaina, "jaina Agama sAhitya meM bhAratIya samAja", pR. 316; aMgavijjA, adhyAya 50 /
Page #8
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Disembara 2008 73 zatasahasratela' (zatasahasra auSadhiyoM ko pakAkara banAyA huA tela) kI mAliza kI gayI jisase tela roma-kUpoM meM bhara gayA / pariNAma yaha huA ki kuSTha ke kRmi saMkSubdha hokara jhar3ane lge| Upara se sAdhu ko kambala ur3hA diyA gayA jisase saba kRmi kambala para laga gaye / bAda meM gozIrSacandana kA lepa karane se rogI kA kor3ha zAnta ho gayA / 2 / sarpadaMSTa bhI isI prakAra kI ghAtaka bImArI samajhI jAtI thI / una dinoM sarpo kA bahuta upadrava thA, isalie yadi kabhI kisI sAdhu ko sarpa kATa letA, use haijA (visUcikA) ho jAtA yA vaha jvara se pIr3ita hotA to usake lie sAdhvIke mUtrapAna kA vidhAna hai| sarpadaMza para mantra par3hakara aSTadhAtu ke bane hue bAle (kaTaka) bAMdha diye jAte yA muMha meM miTTI bharakara sarpa ke DaMka ko cUsa liyA jAtA, yA daMza ke cAroM ora miTTI kA lepa kara dete, nahIM to rogI ko miTTI kA bhakSaNa karAyA jAtA jisase ki khAlI peTa meM viSa kA asara na ho / kabhI sarpa se daSTa sthAnako Agase dAga dete, yA usa sthAna ko kATa dete, yA rogI ko rAtabhara jagAye rakhate / bamI kI miTTI, lavaNa aura secana Adi ko bhI sarpadaMza meM upayogI batAyA gayA hai| sarpa kA jahara zAnta karane ke lie rogI ko suvarNa ghisakara bhI pilAyA jAtA thA / bhUta Adi dvArA kSiptacitta ho jAne ke kAraNa sAdhuoM kI cikitsA karane meM bar3I kaThinAI hotI thI / aisI avasthA meM unheM komala bandhanase bAMdhakara rakkhA jAtA, aura kitanI hI bAra sthAna ke abhAva meM unheM kueM 1. AvazyakacUrNI, pR. 133 / / 2. vinayapiTakake bhaiSajyaskandha meM yaha vidhAna hai / tathA auSadhi ke rUpa meM mUtragrahaNa ke lie dekhie suzruta, sUtrasthAna 45.217-229 / / 3. nizIthabhASya pIThikA 170 / sarpadaMza kI cikitsA ke lie dekhie mahAvagga 6.2.9, pR. 224 (bhikSu jagadIza kAzyapakA saMskaraNa) / 4. nizIthabhASya pIThikA 230. 5. vahI 394 / 6. vyavahArabhASya 5.89 / 7. vahI 2.122-25 / 8. bRhatkalpabhASya 6.6262, tathA carakasaMhitA, zarIrasthAna 2, adhyAya 9, pR. 1088 (bhAskara goviMda ghANekara kA saMskaraNa) /
Page #9
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ 74 anusandhAna 46 ke andara rakhavA diyA jAtA / sAdhvI ke yakSAviSTa ho jAne para bhUtacikitsA kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai / " yadi kisI sAdhvI ko UrdhvavAta calatA ho, bavAsIra ho gayI ho, zUla uThA karatA ho, usake hAtha-pAMva apane sthAna se cala gaye hoM, zarIra ke kisI eka athavA sarva aMga meM vAta utpanna huA ho to use abhyaMgita karake nirloma carma meM rakhane kA vidhAna hai| isI prakAra yadi use har3akAyA kuttA kATa le to carma se veSTita karake use vyAghra ke carma meM sulAne kA Adeza hai / " vaidyakazAstra ke paNDita nizIthacUrNI (4.1957) meM vaidyakazAstra ke paNDitoM ko dRSTapAThI kahA gayA hai / jaina granthoM meM aneka vaidya ( zAstra aura cikitsA donoM meM kuzala), vaidyaputra, jJAyaka (kevala zAstra meM kuzala ), jJAyakaputra, cikitsaka ( kevala cikitsAmeM kuzala) aura cikitsakaputroM kA ullekha milatA hai / vaidya - loga apane zastrakoza lekara ghara se nikalate tathA roga kA nidAna jAnakara abhyaMga, ubaTana, snehapAna, vamana, virecana, bastikarma, zirAvedha, zirobasti, puTapAka, chAla, vallI, mUla, kanda, patra, puSpa, guTikA, auSadha aura bhaiSajya Adi dvArA rAjA, Izvara, sArthavAha, anAtha, zramaNa, brAhmaNa, bhikSuka Adi kI cikitsA karate the / " cikitsAzAlAoM (aspatAla) kA ullekha milatA hai jahAM vetana pAnevAle aneka vaidya kAma karate the| 1. bRhatkalpabhASya 3.3815-17 / carma ke upayoga ke lie dekhie suzruta, sUtrasthAna 7-4, pR. 42 / 2. oghaniryuktibhASya kI TIkA (pR. 41 - a) meM caraka-suzruta Adi ke paNDita ko dRSTapAThI kahA hai / 3. suzruta (1.4.47-50 ) meM kevala zAstra meM kuzala, kevala cikitsA meM kuzala tathA zAstra aura cikitsA donoM meM kuzala vaidyoM kA ullekha hai / 4. nizIthacUrNI ( 11.3436 ) meM pratakSaNa zastra ( sarpadaMSTake samaya Upara se thoDIsI tvacA kATane ke lie), aMgulIzastra (nakhabhaMga kI rakSArtha), zirAvedhazastra ( nAr3I bedhakara rakta nikAlane ke lie), kalpanazastra, lohakaMTikA, saMr3asI, anuvedhazalAkA, vrIhimukha aura sUcImukha nAmaka zastroM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| vipAkasUtra 7, pR. 41 / 6. jJAtRdharmakathA 13, pR. 143 / 5. --
Page #10
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Disembara 2008 75 vaidya loga cIraphAr3a bhI karate the / jainasUtroM meM do prakAra ke vraNa batAye gaye haiM - tadbhava aura Agantuka / kuSTha, kiTibha, dadrU, vicarcikA, pAmA aura gaMDAliyA (peTa ke kRmi)- ye tadbhava vraNa haiM, tathA jo vraNa khaDga, kaNTaka, DhUMTha, zirAvedha, sarpa athavA kutte ke kATane se paidA ho use Agantuka vraNa kahA gayA hai / vaidya vraNoM ko pAnI se dhokara una para tela, ghI, carbI aura makkhana Adi cupar3ate aura gAya, bhaiMsa Adi kA gobara lagAte / / gaNDamAlA, arza aura bhagandara Adi rogoM para zastrakriyA kI jAtI thI / isake sivAya, vaidyaloga yuddha Adi meM ghAva laga jAne para marahamapaTTI karate the / yuddha ke samaya ve auSadha, vraNapaTTa, mAliza kA sAmAna, vraNarohaka tela, vraNarohaka cUrNa, bahuta purAnA ghI Adi sAthameM lekara yuddhasthala para pahuMcate aura AvazyakatA par3ane para ghAvoM ko sIte / / jaina sAdhuoM kI cikitsA vyAdhi se grasta hone para jaina sAdhuoM ko apanI cikitsA ke lie dUsaroM para avalambita rahanA par3atA thA / yadi koI sAdhu cikitsA meM kuzala huA to ThIka, nahIM to rogI ko kuzala vaidya ko dikhAnA par3atA thA / aisI hAlata meM yadi glAna sAdhu ko vaidya ke ghara le jAnA par3atA aura mArgajanya AtApanA Adi ke kAraNa usakA prANAnta ho jAtA to vaidya rogI ko vahAM lAne vAle sAdhuoM ko AkrozapUrNa vacana kahatA / aisI hAlata meM saguna vicAra kara hI vaidya ke ghara rogI ko le jAne yA use bulAkara lAne kA Adeza hai / yadi vaidya eka dhotI pahane ho, tela kI mAliza karA rahA ho, ubaTana lagavA rahA ho, rAkha ke Dhera yA kUr3I ke pAsa khar3A ho, cIra-phAr3a kara rahA ho, ghaTa yA tumbIko phAr3a rahA ho yA vaha zirAbheda kara rahA ho to usa samaya 1. vRNoti yasmAt rUDhe'pi, vraNavastu na nazyati / AdehadhAraNAttasmAd, vraNa ityucyate budhaiH // - suzruta, sUtrasthAna 21.39 / 2. nizIthabhASya 3.1501 / 3. nizIthasUtra 3.22-24, 12.32; nizIthabhASya 12.4199 / 4. nizIthasUtra 3.34 / 5. vyavahArabhASya 5.100-103 /
Page #11
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ anusandhAna 46 usake kucha nahIM pUchanA cAhie / " kitane hI prasaMga aise upasthita hote jaba rogI ke atyadhika rugNa hone para vaidya ko sAdhuoM ke upAzraya meM bulAkara lAyA jAtA / usa samaya AcArya svayaM uThakara vaidya ko rogI ko dikhAte aura AvazyakatA hone para sAdhuoM ko usake snAna, zayana, vastra, bhojana tathA dakSiNA Adi kI vyavasthA karanI par3atI / hariNegameSI dvArA mahAvIra ke garbha kA apaharaNa jaina sUtroM meM hariNegameSI ko indra kI senA ke senApati (pAyattANIyAhivai) ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA hai| kahate haiM ki indra ke Adeza se hariNegameSIne avasvApinI vidyA ke bala se brAhmaNakuNDagrAma kI devadattA (devAnandA) nAmaka brAhmaNI ke garbha meM avatarita mahAvIra kA apaharaNa karake unheM kSatriyakuNDagrAma kI trizalA kSatriyANI ke garbha meM avatarita kara diyaa| garbhaharaNa kI isa ghaTanA kA saMkSipta nirdeza AcArAMga sUtra ke dvitIya zrutaskandha meM hai / tathA vizeSa varNana vyAkhyAprajJapti (5.3) meM upalabdha hotA hai | 76 mahAvIra ke garbhaharaNa kI ghaTanA yadyapi AcArAMga aura vyAkhyAprajJapti jaise prAcIna sUtra meM milatI hai, phira bhI lagatA hai ki yaha ghaTanA pUrI taura se logoM ke manameM AsthA na paidA kara sakI / sthAnAMga (10) sUtra meM garbhaharaNa 1. tulanA kIjie suzruta, sUtrasthAna 29, adhyAya ke sAtha / yahA~ vaidya ke pAsa jAne vAle dUta kA darzana, sambhASaNa, veSa, ceSTA, tathA nakSatra, velA, tithi, nimitta, zakuna, vAyu, vaidya kA deza tathA usakI zArIrika, mAnasika aura vAcika ceSTAoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai / 2. bRhatkalpabhASya 1.1910 - 2013, vyavahArabhASya 5.89-90, nizIthasUtra 10.36 - 39, bhASya 2966 - 3122 / 3. kalpasUtra 2.26 / vidyA aura mantra meM antara batAte hue vidyA ko strI- devatA aura mantra ko hariNegameSI Adi puruSa - devatAoM dvArA adhiSThita kahA gayA hai, bRhatkalpabhASya 1.1235 / 4. aMtagaDasUtra ( 3, pR. 12) meM hariNegameSIkA ullekha bhadrilapura ke nAgagRhapati kI patnI sulasA aura kRSNa kI mAtA devakI kA paraspara garbha - parivartana karanevAle ke rUpa meM AyA hai| Age calakara kRSNane hariNegameSIkI upAsanA dvArA apane laghu bhrAtA ke rUpa meM gajasukumAlako prApta kiyA /
Page #12
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ Disembara 2008 77 kI ghaTanA kA dasa Azcaryo meM ginA jAnA kyA isa tathya kI ora iMgita nahIM karatA ? tIrthaMkara nIca kuloM meM janma nahIM lete garbhaharaNa kI ghaTanA sambhavataH jaba sarvasAdhAraNa ke buddhigrAhya na huI to eka aura kalpanA kI gayI / isa bAta kI ghoSaNA kI gaI ki arahanta, cakravartI, baladeva aura vAsudeva kabhI tuccha, daridra, kRpaNa, bhikSu aura brAhmaNa kuloM meM janma dhAraNa nahIM karate / avazya hI yaha kalpanA pahale kI apekSA kucha adhika buddhisaMgata jAna par3atI thI, lekina phira bhI garbhaharaNa kI gutthI jyoM-kI-tyoM banI rahI / garbha-saMkramaNa kI anya sambhAvanAeM 'garbha-saMkramaNa jaise azakya kArya ko devake hastakSepa dvArA zakya banAne kI kalpanA ko zAstra meM kyoM sthAna diyA gayA ?' isakI UhApoha karate hue suprasiddha vidvAn paNDita sukhalAlajI saMghavIne isa praznakA samAdhAna do rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai- (1) trizalA siddhArtha kI anyatama patrI rahI hogI jisakA apanA koI aurasa putra nahIM thA / strI-sulabha putravAsanA kI pUrti ke lie usane devAnandA ke putra ko apanA putra banAkara rakhA hogA, (2) mahAvIra yadyapi bAlya avasthA se hiMsaka yajJa aura kriyAkANDa-pradhAna brAhmaNa paramparA meM pale the, lekina kisI nirgrantha bhikSu ke samparka meM Ane ke kAraNa unakI tyAgavRtti balavatI ho uThI hogI (cAra tIrthaMkara pR. 110-11) / kahane kI AvazyakatA nahIM ki yaha spaSTIkaraNa santoSajanaka nahIM lagatA / DAkTara e. ke. kumArasvAmIne apanI 'spiricyuala oNthoriTI eNDa Taimporela pAvara' (pR. 32 kA 24 vAM phuTanoTa) nAmaka pustaka meM isa viSaya kI bhinna prakAra se hI samIkSA kI hai / unakA mata hai ki Rgveda meM ullikhita yama aura yamIko bhAI-bahana na samajhakara unheM AkAza aura pRthvI athavA dina 1. kalpasUtra 2.22; AvazyakacUrNI, pR. 239 / bauddhoM kI nidAnakathA 1, pR. 65 meM kahA hai ki buddha kSatriya athavA brAhmaNa nAma kI UMcI jAtiyoM meM hI janma lete haiM, nIcI jAtiyoM meM nahIM /
Page #13
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
________________ anusandhAna 46 aura rAtri kA hI pratIka samajhanA cAhie / isI taraha DaoNkTara sAhaba kA kathana hai ki sauramaNDala ke jina vIra puruSoM kA janma dvimAtAoM se svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, unake janma ko vAstava meM divya-mAnava-janma samajhanA cAhie, jisakI bhaviSyavANI pahalese hI aneka rUpa meM kI jA cukI hotI hai| lekhaka ne yahAM haireklIz2a, agni, buddha, mahAvIra aura IsAmasIha ke udAharaNa prastuta kara apane kathana kA samarthana kiyA hai| garbha-saMkramaNa kA yaha spaSTIkaraNa AdhyAtmika hI adhika hai, yathArthatA kA aMza isa meM bhI nahIM hai| naigameSApahRta-eka roga . yaha ThIka-ThIka kahanA kaThina hai ki hariNegameSI dvArA mahAvIra kA garbha apahRta kiye jAne kI kalpanA jaina sUtroM meM kaba se rUDha ho gayI, lekina vaidyakazAstra se patA calatA hai ki naigameSApahRta eka prakAra kA lIna garbha hai jise upazaSkaka athavA nAgodara bhI kahA gayA hai| kabhI srotoM ke, vAta-upadrava se pIr3ita hone ke kAraNa garbha sUkha jAtA hai, mAtA kI kukSi meM vaha pUrNatayA vyApta nahIM hotA aura usakI halacala manda par3a jAtI hai| isase kukSi kI jitanI vRddhi honI cAhie utanI nahIM ho pAtI / isa garbha ke kadAcit acAnaka zAnta ho jAne para ise naigameSApahRta kahA gayA hai / vastuta: vAtavikRti kA hI yaha pariNAma hai, lekina bhUta-pizAca meM vizvAsa karane vAle ise naigameSApahata kahane lage / garbha ke sUkha jAne ke kAraNa ise upazuSkaka, aura kadAcit zanaiH-zanaiH lIna ho jAne ke kAraNa ise nAgodara kahA hai| isa roga ke nivAraNa ke lie strI kI mRdu sneha Adi se cikitsA karane kA vidhAna hai (dekhie, suzruta, zArIrasthAna, 1061) / ataeva prastuta prasaMga meM hariNegameSI dvArA garbha apahata kiye jAne kA yahI artha yuktiyukta pratIta hotA hai ki naigameSApahRta roga se grasta hone ke kAraNa devAnandA brAhmaNI kA garbha acAnaka zAnta ho gayA, aura garbhAvasthA ko prApta trizalA kSatriyANIne nau mahIne pazcAt santAna ko prasava kiyA / isa samaya se devAnandA ke garbhaharaNa kI kiMvadantI loka meM prasiddha ho gayI aura bAda meM calakara isa kiMvadantI ko buddhisaMgata banAne ke lie isake sAtha brAhmaNoM kI apekSA kSatriya jAti kI zreSThatA kI mAnyatA jor3a dI gayI /