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Vol. XIX, No 3
sometimes with the help of the Chinese scholars.
Among the Indian scholars we may refer here the name of Kumārajiva (344-413 A,D.) whose efforts were crowned with success in China. He translated 98 works in 425 volumes and also composed a good number of poems in Chinese. Besides, an original work in Chinese language is also credited to him. Thus, he was a master in Chinese language.
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Like Kumarajiva in Chinese, Hiuen-tsang was a great scholar in Sanskrit. He was also well-versed in scriptures and had such a mastery over the (Sanskrit) language. He had defeated in debates many Indian scholars who were his opponents. It has been said that he had taken 657 manuscripts from India on various subjects and translated seventy-five into Chinese in 1335 fascicles. Besides the translation works; he composed independent works explaining difficult philosophical ideas. His work on the Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi of Vasubandhu is the masterpiece.
Among the Indian scholars who went to China, the name of Paramārtha (A.D. 557-589) may be mentioned after Kumarajiva (Ch. Keu-mo-lo-shi,, He took two hundred and forty bundles of Manuscripts to China and translated many of them into Chinese language, but at present only thirty-two works are available.
I tsing, a great writer of the Buddhist records, who was a sound scholar of Sanskrit language had visited India and collected 400 manuscripts containing half-a-million of verses (slokas). He took all the works to China and translated fifty-six of them into Chinese.
It has been said that in the place called Lo-yaag where the Indian monk Bodhiruci was residing, there was a collection of ten thousand manuscripts. However, a good number of these manuscripts are preserved in translation form in the "Chinese Tripitaka". The Chinese Tripitaka, not only bears the Buddhist works, but also some nonBuddhist works like the Suvarṇa-saptati-śăstra and the
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