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PRONUNCIATION GUIDE Sanskrit is the mother language of ancient India, the scholars' tongue, while Prakrit and Pali are its vernacular forms. Hindu mantras are in Sanskpit, Jain ones are in Sansksit and Prakrit, and Buddhistones are in Pali. Here all verses are written in one script, devanā garī, then transliterated into English, according to the following guide.
Vowels 37 - a - as in hut
- - held twice as long asr 31 - a - as in father, held twice - lți – pronounced Iruu as long as a
Y-e- as in they 5-i - as in pin
T - ai - as in nice $ - 1 - as in eek, held twice as 31 -o- as in go long as i
311 - au- as in cow 3-u- as in put
(37) - (a)m - a resonant morn 3 - 0 - as in rule, held twice as
after any vowel, as in mum long as u
(3T):-(a)ḥ - hard breath after a #5 – și -- similar to Spanish r
vowel, i.e., ah becomes aha
Consonants op - ka - as in kite
- dha - as in dharma -kha - as in Eckhart
- na - as in nut, with tongue T-ga - as in give
_touching back of upper teeth -gha - as in big-head
4-pa - as in pine
- pha - as in philosophy - na - as in sing - cha- as in choice
G-ba - as in bird
- bha - an aspirated b - chha - as in staunch JT -ja – as in joy
4-ma - as in mother
4 -ya - as in yes -jha - an aspiratedj
-ra - as in Spanish pero 5-ña - as in canyon
-la - as in light, tongue - ta - as in touch
_touching back of upper teeth -tha - as in light-heart
-va - as in vine C-da - as in dove
- sa - as in shine - dha - as in red-hot
4-şa (palatal) - as in hush,
tongue as far back in the UT -ņa - as in adorn
palate as possible - ta - as in tub, with tongue
-sa (cerebral) - as in sun against teeth
-ha - as in home e-tha - an aspirated t
- kşa -- as in rick-shaw -da - as in dove, with tongue ? - tra - as in tree against teeth
1-jña - as in onion or oignon PLEASE NOTE: In the transliterated form, the letters sands are retained. In chapter headings and English text, they are modified and written Sh and sh for ease of pronunciation.
h
tu to
the boat
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