Temples of Kumbhariya

Author(s): M A Dhaky, U S Moorty
Publisher: L D Indology Ahmedabad

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The Temples in Kumbhāriya
Jineśvara's junior confrère Buddhisāgara composed Pañcagranthī-vyākarana in Jābālipura in A.D. 1024. A few years earlier, Devagupta I of the Ukeśa-gaccha composed the Navapada-vrtti and the Navatattva-prakaraṇa, both in A.D. 1017. And Virabhadrācārya composed some works in Prakrit, of the Prakirņaka class, such as the Arādhanā-patākā (A.D. 1027), the Bhaktaparijñā, the Gacchācāra, and possibly also the Catuḥsarana. Jineśvara's senior contemporary, śānti sūri of Thārāpadragaccha (active c. A.D. 990-1040), composed a commentary in Sanskrit on the Uttarādhyayana-sūtra, probably the Dharmaśāstra, also a work on the lustral ceremony of the Jina image, and a hymn called sānti-stava’ in Sanskrit for the purpose of generating peace by its power. He visited the court of Bhoja in Dhārā at the instance of the Jaina poet Dhanapāla who had composed a Sanskrit Nāmamālā, a Prakrit lexicon, and a famous ākhyāyikā entitled the Tilakamañjarī. He also composed a few hymns like the Rşabha-pañcāśikā and the Mahāvīra-stuti in Sanskrit, the Satyapura-mandana-Mahāvīra-Jinotsāha in Apabhraíśa, and the Śrāvakavidhi in Prakrit. He, moreover, commented on the Stuti-caturviṁsatikā of his younger brother, Sobhana muni, who predeceased him. A few years hence, Vijayasimha sūri, an abbot of the Sakunikāvihāra-caitya in Brgukaccha, composed in c. A.D. 1030-1040 his famous hymn in Sanskrit on Neminātha, believed to be addressed to Jina Aristanemi of Ujjayantagiri. He was honoured at the court of the Śilāhāra king Nāgārjuna of Sthāna (Thāne near Mumbai) and had received the title of *Khadgācārya' from the said king. Another Svetāmbara pontiff-Candanācāryawho had composed a fiction, the Aśokavatī, likewise graced the élite assembly of the Sthāna's king. He was also honoured at the court of Bhoja at Dhārā.
King Bhīmadeva I of Gujarat, in his late years, bequeathed a grant of land to the Jaina temple at Vāyāța-Mahāsthāna near Botād in Saurāstra (c. A.D. 1062). His finance minister Jāhilla was a Svetāmbara Jaina. So was his other minister Nedha, a descendant of Ninnaya, whose younger brother Vimala was appointed dandanāyaka at Candrāvati. Vimala built temples for Jina Rşabha in Arāsaņa (in marble) in or before A.D. 1031 and in Delvādā on Mt. Ābu (in black stone) in A.D. 1032. And Jinaha was Bhimadeva's dandanāyaka stationed at Dhavalakakka in king's late years. Also, Vimala's son or younger brother Cāhilla was either his mahāsandhivigrahaka or had occupied some other high position.
In Aşahillapattana, King Bhīmadeva's maternal uncle and next the Jaina pontiff after he embraced the order of the monks, namely Dronācārya, composed a commentary on the Oghaniryukti. His nephew and disciple Surācārya, a Sanskritist