Reviews Of Different Books

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144 REVIEWS Mahayana philosophy, meditation in the Theravada school, etc. His translations of Buddhist texts are taken from a great variety of Pali and Sanskrit scriptures. Being inspired by an awareness of the relevance of Buddhist thought to modern man, Conze has brought a new tone of personal engagement to Buddhist studies, which have greatly benefited from his approach. It is to be welcomed that a selection of his articles, hitherto scattered in many places, has been published. The contents of this volume reflect the richness and variety of Conze's scholarly work. The first article, "Recent Progress in Buddhist Studies" (pp. 1-32), is a survey of Buddhist studies between 1940 and 1960 (first published in The Middle Way, 34, 1959, pp. 6-14; 1960, pp. 144-150; 35, 1960, pp. 93-98, 110). It is, as far as I know, the only recent and detailed survey of Buddhist studies. The concept of saviours in Buddhism is treated in "Buddhist Saviours" (pp. 33-47; first published in The Saviour God, Manchester, 1963, pp. 67-82). His comprehensive survey of "Mahayana Buddhism" is certainly the best introduction available at present (pp. 48-86; first published in The Concise Encyclopaedia of Living Faiths, 1959, pp. 296-320). The next two articles are translations. The first translates a passage of the Visuddhimagga (ed. H. C. Warren, chapter VIII, sections 3-17 and 25-41) in which Buddhaghosa treats of the meditation on death: "The Meditation on Death" (pp. 87-104; first published in The Middle Way, 29, 1955, pp. 159-163; 30, 1955, pp. 15-18, 54-57). The second is a translation of chapter 5 of the Saddharmapundarika: "The Lotus of the Good Law, ch. 5: On Plants" (pp. 105-122; first published in The Middle Way, 37, 1962, pp. 95-96; 1963, pp. 157-160; 38, 1963, pp. 15-17, 49-51). The following six articles all relate to Prajnaparamita literature: "The Development of Prajnaparamita Thought" (pp. 123-147; first published in Buddhism and Culture, Kyoto, 1960, pp. 2445); "The Prajnaparamitahtdaya Sutra" (pp. 148-167; first published in JRAS, 1948, pp. 33-51); "The Composition of the Astasahasrika Prajnaparamita" (pp. 168-184; first published in BSOAS, 14, 1952, pp. 251-262); "Hate, Love and Perfect Wisdom" (pp. 185-190; first published in The Mahabodhi, 62, 1954, pp. 3-8); "The Perfection of Wisdom in Seven Hundred Lines" (pp. 191-206; first published in Kalpa, I, 2, 1963, pp. 4-10; I, 3. 1963, pp. 11-12); "Prajna and Sophia" (pp. 207-209; first published in Oriental Art, I, 4, 1948, pp. 196-197); parallels, true and spurious, between Buddhist and European philosophy are treated in the two articles that follow. "Buddhist Philosophy and its European Parallels" (pp. 210-228; first published in Philosophy East and West, 13, 1963, pp. 9-23); "Spurious Parallels to Buddhist Philosophy" (pp. 229-242); first published in Philosophy East and West, 13, 1963, pp. 105-115). The final article deals with "The Iconography of the Prajnaparamita" (pp. 243-268; first published in Oriental Art, II, 4, 1949, pp. 47-52; III, 3, pp. 104-109). Thirty Years of Buddhist Studies is a book which is of great interest both to the general public and to the specialist. May it soon be followed by a second volume, to be called Further Buddhist Studies, mentioned by Professor Conze in his foreword! Australian National University J. W. de Jong Dvadasaram Nayacakram of Acarya Sri Mallavadi Ksamasramana With the Commentary Nyayagamanusarini of Sri Simhasuri Gani Vadi Ksamasramana, Part I (1-4 Aras). Edited with critical notes by Muni Jambuvijayaji (=Sri Atmanand Jain Granthamala, Serial, No. 92). Bhavnagar, Sri Jain Atmanand Sabha, 1966. 8+4 +6 +98 +375 +166 pp. Rs. 25.00. Mallavadin's Nayacakra is one of the most important of the older Jaina philosophical works. It is of very great interest not only for the light it throws on Jaina philosophy,