________________ 146 REVIEWS vacandrasuri's Prabhavakacarita (Vikr. 1334); 3. Merutunga's Prabandhacintamani (Vikr. 1361); 4. Rajasekharasuri's Prabandhakosa (Vikr. 1405); 5. Sanghatilakacarya's Samyaktvasaptati (Vikr. 1422). In the same note the editor reproduces the text of the life of Mallavadin in the Kahavali and in Amradevasuri's commentary on Nemicandrasuri's Akhyanamanikosa (Vikr. 1190). The text of the Kahavali is also reproduced in the introduction of GOS vol. 116. This introduction quotes passages from many texts relating to Mallavadin (pp. 9-29). It also refers to a manuscript, written in Vikr. 1291, and containing a life of Mallavadin in Prakrit (cf. GOS, vol. 76, pp. 194-195). However, the manuscript itself was not available to the editor. According to the Prabhavakacarita, Mallavadin defeated the Bauddhas (i.e. Buddhananda) in Vira 884 (= Vikr. 414). The Nayacakra discusses the doctrines of many philosophers such as Varsaganya, Vasurata, Bhartshari, Vasubandhu (the author of the Kosa!) and Dignaga. According to the editor, the date mentioned by Prabhavacandra does not conflict with the dates of these philosophers who accordingly must have lived before Mallavadin or in the same period (ca. 350 A.D.). If this is the case, the traditionally assumed dates of many Indian philosophers would have to be revised. However, such a late text as the Prabhavakacarita is not an authoritative source for the date of Mallavadin. More evidence is certainly needed before this date can be allowed. In the second place, the names of the above-mentioned philosophers seem to occur only in Simhasuri's commentary. In the case of each of them it must be proved beyond all doubt that Mallavadin really refers to the philosophers mentioned by Simhasuri. One must not be misled by the fact that the editor has printed in bold type in the text of the commentary not only the quotations from the Nayacakra, but also proper names which are absent from it. Only after the publication of the second volume of this edition will it be possible to consider the available evidence and to examine the reliability of Simhasuri's indications. Muni Jambuvijayaji has already published several articles on the dates of Mallavadin, Bharthari and Dignaga. According to the passages of Simhasuri's commentary quoted by him (pages 15 and 16, notes 2 and 3) Vasurata was the teacher of Bhartphari. As is pointed out by the editor, the same tradition is found in Punyaraja's commentary on Bhartshari's Vakyapadiya II, 486, 489 and 490. Several scholars agree also that, according to Punyaraja's commentary on Vakyapadiya II, 489, Candracarya =Candragomin was the master of Vasurata. The dates of Candragomin and Bharthari have been discussed by many scholars.? Of great importance for determining the date of BhartThari is the recent discovery of two verses from the Vak yapadiya (II, 160 and 157) in the fifth chapter of Dignaga's Pramanasamuccaya. This discovery seems to have been made simultaneously by H.R. Rangaswamy Iyengar and Muni Jambuvijayaji. Frauwallner has recently shown that Dignaga's Traikalyapariksa is . "Mallavadi ane Bhartpharino samay", Jaina Satyaprakasa, Vol. 17, No. 2 (Nov. 1951), pp. 26-30; Buddhiprakasa, vol. 98, No. 11 (Nov. 1951), pp. 332-335; "Bhartshari aur Dinnaga ka samay", Nagaripracarini Patrika, Vol. 60, Nos. 3-4 (Samvat 2012), pp. 227-233; "Bharthari ane Dinnaga", Jaina Atmananda Prakasa, Vol. 50, No. 2 (15 Sept. 1952), pp. 22-27 (see prakkathana pp. 15 and 16 notes 2 and 3). I have been unable to consult these articles. . 7 See the references given by Sadhu Ram, "Bhartphari's Date", Journal of the Ganganatha Jha Research Institute, Vol. IX (1952), pp. 135-151. See also David Seyfort Ruegg, Contributions a l'histoire de la philosophie linguistique indienne (Paris, 1959), pp. 57-64 and the literature quoted by him. 8 H. R. Rangaswamy Iyengar, "Bharthari and Dinnaga", Journal of the Bombay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, New Series, Vol. 26 (1951), pp. 147-149. According to Sadhu Ram (op.cit., p. 142 n. 25) the same verses have been traced by Muni Jambuvijayaji in the first two articles mentioned in note 6. Sadhu Ram and Muni Jambuvijayaji (prakkathana p. 16 n. 3) refer to Vak yapadiya II, 156 and 157, Rangas
