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PURUSHARTHA-SIDDHYUPAYA
45
Hunting, offering animal sacrifices, killing for food, amusement or decoration are illustrations of Anárambhi or Samkalpi Himsa, which may be translated as "Intentional Injury.” It can be avoided by every thinking person without any difficulty or harm to himself.
Árambhi Himsa may be sub-divided as Udyami, Grahārambhi, and Virodhi. Udyami is Himsa unavoidably committed in the exrcise of one's profession. Permissible professions are of 6 kinds, vis., (1) the profession of a soldier, aft, (2) the profession of a writer, Afh (3) that of agriculture sia (4) trade arroz, (5) industry ITET. (6) art faci.
Gráh-Arambhi Himsa is that which is unavoidably committed in the performance of necessary domestic purposes, such as preparation of food, keeping the house, body, and clothes clean, construction of buildings, wells, gardens, and keeping cattle.
" Virodhi” is Himsa unavoidably committed in defence of person and property, against thieves, robbers, dacoits, assailants, and enemies, in meeting their aggression, and in causing the least possible injury, necessary in the circumstances, in which one may find himself.
The cases discussed in verses 79 to 89 are all covered by Samkalpi Himsa and have no concern with Arambhi Himsa or any of the 3 kinds set out above.
One who has renounced all household connection and has adopted the discipline of a saint, practises complete Ahimsa A true belie. ver in the householder's stage, abstains from Samkalpi Himsa, but is unable to abstain from Árambhi, although he tries his best to avoid it as far as possible, and is ever making progress in such endeavour. यदिदं प्रमादयोगादसदभिधानं विधीयते किमपि। तदनृतमपि विज्ञेयं तद्भेदाः सन्ति चत्वारः॥११॥
91. Wherever any wrong statement is made through Pramáda Yoga (careless activity of body, mind, or speech), it is certainly known as falsehood. It is divided into 4 kinds. स्वक्षेत्रकालभावैः सदपि हि यस्मिन्निषिध्यते वस्तु । तत्प्रथममसत्यं स्यान्नास्ति यथा देवदत्तोऽत्र ॥१२॥
92. A statement by which the existence of a thing with reference to its position, time, and nature is denied, is the
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