Jinamanjari 2002 04 No 25

Author(s): Jinamanjari
Publisher: Canada Bramhi Jain Society Publication

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of Jain temples in almost all important places of Eastern India. Thus, the best temple architecture in Eastern India can be found after the eleventh C.E. 21
The stupa structure in Jain architecture is a unique and distinct feature and were said to have been erected at the nirvana place or the funeral place of the Jinas. Ancient Jain texts speak of such constructions22 The construction of Jain stūpas mainly started from the tenth B.C.E., and remained as important till the early Gupta period. Apart from the archaeological find of these structures, it is said that a stupa was erected at Kailash (the Himalayas) for Rṣabha, the first Jina, by his son Bharata.23 The ancient text Jambudvipa Pannati24 also mentions erection of such a structure at the cremation ground of a Jina. The Aupapatikasutra25 describes the stupa Purnbhadra caitya outside Campanagari and the one at the nirvana place of Mahavira. The Avasyaka Niryukti speaks of the existence of a stupa at Vaisāli, dedicated to twelfth Jina, Munisuvrata.20 Rājamalla, a contemporary of the Mogul king, Akbar, and the author of the work Jambusvamicarite informs that during his times there existed more than five hundred stupa structures at Mathura.
structures
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REFERENCES
1. See their respective works
Jainism in North India (1939), Jainism in Bihar (1956), A Comprehensive History of Jainism (1978), Studies in Jainism and Budhhism in Mithila (1964), Lord Mahāvira and His Times (1974) and History of Jainism in Bihar (1996).
2. Jaina Šilalekha Sangraha, Bombay 1928.
3. Jain Inscriptions, Pts I-III, Calcutta, 1918-1929.
4. Pracina Jain Lekha Sangraha, Bhavnagar, 1921.
5. The Jain Iconography, Delhi, 1974.
6. Jain Art and Architecture (ed.) pts.I-III, Delhi, 1974.
7. Bharat Ke Digambar Jain Tirtha, pts.I-III, Bombay, 1974.
8. Studies in Jain Art, Benaras, 1955.
9. Prācina Bhāratiya Murti Vigyan, Benaras.
10. Dr. Shasikant, The Hathigumphā Inscriptions of Khāravela, Prints India, Delhi, 1971.
11. D.C. Sircar, Select Inscriptions, p.217; JBORS, Vol. VII,1917; E.I., Vol. IV, pp.22ff; I.A., Vol.III,pp.153-58.
12. Pillar Edict, VI, Delhi version; I.A., Vol. XX, p.364.
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