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Q.I.5.8 A.I.5.8
Q.I.5.9
A.I.5.9
VFK% Meaning:
QI.6.1 A.I.6.1
Q.I.6.2
A.I.6.2
Q.I.6.3
A.I.6.3
Q.I.6.4
A.I.6.4
Q.I.6.5 A.I.6.5
What is meant by mode / actuality presentation (bh va nikṣepa)? To represent an object as it is in the present state is called moderepresentation.
Please show the difference in four types of presentations through an example?
Naming Jinendra Deva as Jina is name-presentation; making an idol of Jinendra Deva in metal or stone is symbol-representation; the soul of Jinendra Deva is substance-presentation and the presence of Jinendra Deval in the religious congregation (samavasarana) is modepresentation.
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iek.ku; §f/kxe% Pram nanayairadhigamah
1.6
iek.k vk u; kals ruoka dk Kku gkrk gЯ
Knowledge (of the seven categories and nine entities) is attained by approved means of knowledge (pram na) and the philosophical standpoints/viewpoints (naya).
What is valid / comprehensive or approved knowledge (pram na)? The knowledge which knows an object completely and exactly e.g. by saying 'substances' (dravya) we talk of all six types of substances like living beings etc. is called pram na. The word crisp (vi ada) was used by c. M nikya Nandi to differentiate between approved and nonapproved knowledge.
How many types of approved knowledge are there and what are their names?
Pram na is of two types' namely direct or immediate (pratyakṣa) and indirect or acquired (paroksa).
What is meant by direct or immediate and valid / approved knowledge (pratyakṣa pram na)?
Cognition by the soul of all objects directly without the assistance of any external media like sense organs is called direct valid knowledge.
What is meant by acquired and approved knowledge (paroksa pram na)?
Indirect valid knowledge is the cognition by the soul of all objects with the assistance of external media like sense organs etc.
What is meant by standpoint / viewpoint (naya)?
Cognition of one attribute or partially an entity is called standpoint. It is also defined as the intention of the listener or the speaker with which he/ she wants to know / tell.
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