Jainism Eternal and Universal Path for Enlightenment

Author(s): Narendra Bhandari
Publisher: Research Institute of Scientific Secrets from Indian Oriental Scriptures Ahmedabad

Page 99

Jainism : The Eternal and Universal path for Enlightenment
99
Adobe of Siddhas Liberated Souls
(>1 Q=1
(Desdok) Heaven
Infinite Alok
Jivalok Hamam & Animals
Q<1
Narak Lok
Hell
(a)
(b)
Fig. 8.1 a, b Universes with closed (92, >1), flat (12. = 1) and open (S2, <1) geometry, placed one above the other (left) to match the shape of the Jain Universe (right). The density of the universe determines its geometry. If the density of the universe exceeds the critical density (2), then the geometry of space is closed and is positively curved like the surface of a sphere (left top). If the density of the universe is less than the critical density, then the geometry of space is open, negatively curved like the surface of a saddle (left bottom). If the density of the universe exactly equals the critical density, then the geometry of the universe is flat like a sheet of paper (left, middle). Thus, there is a direct link between the geometry of the universe and its fate. away from us. The Universe has been expanding ever since the Big Bang and as mentioned before, the temperature of the initially very hot universe has come down currently to 2.7 Kelvin because of expansion over 14 billion years.
Whereas every one agrees with an expanding universe, there have been competing theories to Big Bang. Fred Hoyle, Thomas Gold and Hermann Bondi, proposed a Steady State cosmology in 1948 but Hubble's observation of Expanding Universe contradicted it. The expanding universe requires creation of matter to compensate for expansion. To accommodate the Big Bag event within the Steady State theory, Fred Hoyle, Geofrey Burbidge and Jayant Narlikar have modified the Steady Stae theory to a Quasi-Steady state Theory. It is possible that the universe is oscillating and the expanding universe is just the current phase which is ultimately going to enter a contraction phase. Then the Big Bang theory, in this scenario is only the last phase of this cyclic "Quasi Steady State Universe".