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Dharma dravya the movement of livas and Pudgala would be impossible As shade assists the staying of travellers, Adharma assists the staying of Jivas and Pudgala. It does not stop the motion of Jivas and Pudgala, but assists them in staying still while they are in a state of rest These two metaphysical principles of motion and rest have nothing to do with Punya and Papa which are purely ethical in character.
PAGE 32 LINE 2 TUTTGAH The substance of Space. That which gives space to all Jivas, Pudgala, Dharma, Adharma and Kala and is cternal and pervasive is called Akasa or Space.
PAGE 33 LINE 1 Day This is the last and the seventh of the Nayas. Naya is defined as a means of insight into the nature of reality from a particular point of view. According to the paint the term must just designate the particular aspect or attitude in the object referred to.
LINE 10. Akasa is of two kinds, 1999 and 9161197727 Lokakasa is that in which liva, Pudgala, Dharma, Adharma and Kala exist. That which is beyond this Lokakasa is called Alokakasa.
PAGE 34 LINE 4. affity The four non-living substances Pudgala Dharma, Adharma and Akasa together with Jiva form the five aftern. An Aştıkaya is defined as that which exists and has many Pradeshas like a body. Dharma, Adharama and Jiva have innumerable, pradeshas, Akasa has infinite pradeshas, Pudgala has numerable, innumerable and infinite pradeshas. A pradesha is that portion of Akasa (space) which is occupied by one indivisible atom of matter.
