Jain Biology

Author(s): Jethalal S Zaveri, Mahendramuni
Publisher: Jain Vishva Bharati

Page 83

hells called Ratnaprabhā, etc.' The maximum and minimum duration of the life of the denizens of hell is different:
HELL
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Fifth
Sixth
Seventh
MINIMUM
Ten thousand years
1 sāgaropama
3 sāgaropama
7 sāgaropama
10 sāgaropama
17 sāgaropama
22 sāgaropama
(II) The sub-human animals which possess five sense-organs: They are of two kinds:
Each of these are again of three kinds:
(a) those which originate by generation acquivoca
(sammurcchima)
(b) those which are born from a womb
(i) Aquatic; (ii) Terrestrial; (iii) Aerial (Birds)
-: 68 :
MAXIMUM
1 sāgaropama
3 sāgaropama
7 sāgaropama
10 sāgaropama
17 sāgaropama
22 sāgaropama
33 sāgaropama
(A) Aquatic animals are of five kinds:
1. Fishes; 2. Turtles and Tortoises; 3. Crocodiles;
4. Makaras; 5. Giant whales and porpoises, dolphins etc.
(B) Terrestrial or land animals are of two kinds:
1. Quadrupeds and 2. Reptiles
Quadrupeds2 are divided into four kinds on the basis of the construction of their feet:
i. Solidungular with solid hoof
1. For detailed discussion of infernals (souls), refer to Bhagavai (Bhāṣya), Vol.-I, Śatak-1, Sūtras 60-73.
2. For a more detailed dissertation of quadrupeds and reptiles, please see this section is Sutrakṛtānga Sūtra later on in this article.
―
as horses
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